Lewis Tanzos
Eastern.crown@eastkingdom.org

15 February, 2003

[ Please note that this document was updated on 3 May 2004 to correct a missing decision. The decision could be inferred from the text, but it was not explicitly stated ]

Unto the East Kingdom College of Heralds and all others who do receive this letter, greetings from Tanczos Istvan, Eastern Crown Herald!

These are the kingdom decisions on the East's ILoI released on the 10th of November, 2003.

Commentary was received from: Aryanhwy merch Catmael, Jan Janowicz Bogdansky, knute, Elsbeth Ann Roth, Sabine Berard, Ulric von der Insel, Arval Benicoeur, Aceline Barrett, Emme, Esperanza Razzolini d'Asolo, Aine Callaghan, Harold von Auerbach, and Eldrich Gaiman

Thanks once again to the commenters, without whom I would be entirely unable to do this job.

Istvan Eastern Crown

1 Æthellind of Eisental (F) - resub name forwarded

'Æthellind' dated to 800 in that spelling in Searle's 'Onomasticon Anglo-Saxonicum', s.n. 'Æthellind, Adallindis' p. 42: 'a concubine of Charlemagne'. 'Eisental': group name registered July 1985 via the East. Her original name, 'Ethrelinda of Eisental', was returned on Laurel's January 2003 LoAR for lack of documentation for the spelling 'Ethrelinda'.

2 Agnarr Skulason - resub device returned
Quarterly gules and sable, a cross argent, in sinister chief two swords in saltire and in dexter base a drinking horn all argent.

Name registered August 1998, via the East.

Unfortunately, there is precedent against the practice of trying to clear marshalling by the use of a cross throughout:

"PRECEDENT: A cross throughout which overlies the line of division on a quarterly field does not remove the appearance of marshalling by quartering, even if the cross throughout is treated with a complex line (such as engrailed) or has complex ends (such as formy or moline.) A cross which is not throughout, or which does not overlie the quarterly line of division (such as a Tau cross), will remove the appearance of marshalling unless evidence is presented that the cross under discussion was used for marshalling in period heraldry. [Meridies-R]" (06/2003, Dana the Quarrier)

Viviane of Essex: This is being returned for violating our rules on marshaled armory. Two relevant precedents on the subject are: [Returning Quarterly . . . a cross between in bend two <charges> and in bend sinister two <other charges>]. This device submission violates Rules for Submission XI.3. Marshalling. "divisions commonly used for marshalling such as quarterly or per pale, may only be used in contexts that ensure marshalling in not suggested." The fillet cross was often used on marshaled arms and thus the cross here does not remove the appearance of marshalling. LoAR 12a/93, p. 16

[Quarterly gules and argent in bend two <As> argent and in bend sinister two <Bs> vert, overall a cross sable.] "Given that crosses overall were not infrequently used in marshaled arms in period, this has every appearance of the marshaled arms of [Gules an <A> argent and Argent a <B> vert]." [The submission was returned for this reason.]LoAR 11/91, p. 16.

This submission is being returned for exactly the same reasons as those in the exemplars.

Eastern Crown apologizes profusely to the submitter, as he was not aware of these precedents when advising him of a way to clear the marshalling problem.

3 Alessandra de Burgos - resub device forwarded
Azure, a castle argent within a bordure Or semy of roses gules.

Name accepted on the East's April 2003 ILoI, which has not yet been sent to Laurel.

Clear of Cathal MacLean (February 2003, via Atlantia) Azure, a tower argent within a bordure Or crusilly plain sable. There is a CD for the change from tower to castle and a CD for the change in tertiaries from sable crosses to gules roses.

4 Andris Löwenstein (M) - new name forwarded & new device forwarded
Checky argent and sable, a cock purpure, langued wattled and combed gules, maintaining in its dexter claw a crampon palewise Or.

If changes must be made, submitter wishes to retain an unspecified language/culture. 'Andris' found dated to 1370, 1386-97, and 1497 in Talan Gwynek's 'Medieval German Given Names from Silesia' ( http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/talan/bahlow/ , PCA). 'Löwenstein' dated to 1483 in 'Handbuch der Heraldik' by D. L. Galbraith & Léon Jéquier p. 128 (PCA), though this may be modernized. It shows armory (In Silber ein auf einem grünen Dreiberg stehender roter Leopard) for the name 'Löwenstein'. It is marked Schwaben 1483. [ Talan's article may also be found at http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/bahlow_v.htm , which doesn't require photocopies. Under 'Löwe' in Bahlow's 'German Names' we find Lowenkop 1413, Löwensprung 1480, Lewenbrust 1320. ]

Several commenters complained about the contrast of the charge against the field in the scanned images online. The original paperwork appears to have sufficient contrast. Also, the device is technically legal, as the field is neutral. Laurel may return this if it is deemed necessary.

5 Aveline l'oisele (F) - new name forwarded & new device forwarded
Argent, a vol between three crescents gules.

No major changes. Submitter wishes an authentic name for 13th century French culture and wants her surname to mean 'with wings, winged, the bird'. 'Aveline' from 'An Index to the Given Names in the 1292 Census of Paris' by Colm Dubh ( http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/paris.html ). 'l'oisele' is presented as a descriptive byname meaning 'the bird'; 'Dictionnaire de l'anciel français' by Algirdas Julien Greimas (PCA) dates 'oisel' to 1080 meaning 'the bird'. 'oisele' is the feminine form of 'oisel', which the client would prefer, but she will take 'oisel' if necessary.

While the existence of a word does not necessarily indicate its use as a name, Morlet's 'Les noms de personne en Haute Picardie aux XII, XIV, XV sieécles' dates 'Loisel' to 1388. This is enough to send it to Laurel, with the understanding that the surname may be changed to this documented form.

6 Aveline l'oisele - new badge forwarded
(Fieldless) A crescent argent and vol gules conjoined in pale.

7 Boden Henebry (M) - new name forwarded & new device forwarded
Per chevron vert and argent, in chief three stags' heads erased to sinister Or and in base a lantern vert.

Submitter wishes his name to be changed to be authentic for 15th century Ireland. 'Boden' found, undated, in MacLysaght's 'Surnames of Ireland' p. 20 s.n. 'Boden': 'Perpetuated in the place-name Bodenstown...where Boden is a variant of Baldwin'. 'Henebry' also from MacLysaght, p. 154 s.n. 'Henebry', with no dates but: 'originally de Hindeburg and gaelicized de Hionburgha. This name in Ireland continuously since the thirteenth century'.

'Bodenstown' is a header in Room's 'A Dictionary of Irish Place-Names', glossed as 'Boden's Town' but again undated. Reaney & Wilson p. 33 s.n. 'Bawden, Boaden, Boden' shows 'Boden or Bawden Maylle 1591-5'.

The per chevron line in the submission is drawn too far to base. Properly constructed per chevron splits the field into two parts. Part of the problem is the middle stag's head: a properly drawn per chevron line would not allow a primary charge above the point of the chevron. The submitter has been instructed to draw the per chevron line further to chief.

8 Cateline la broderesse (F) - new change of holding name forwarded
Current name: Jennifer of Eisental

Original name, 'Caitlyn MacKenzie', returned at Laurel in October of 1999 for conflict: Conflict with Caitlin nicCoinnich. MacKenzie is an anglicized form of mac Coinnich, making the two identical for the purposes of conflict. The submitter should also be told that mixing Gaelic and English forms in period is vanishingly rare. It would be better to have a name in either totally English or totally Gaelic forms. No major changes. If changes must be made, submitter wishes to retain the meaning and French 13th century culture. 'Cateline' from Colm Dubh's 'An Index to the Given Names in the 1292 Census of Paris' ( http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/paris.html ): 'Cateline qui oeuvre de soie'. 'la broderesse' from the same source: 'Guibour la broderesse'.

9 Christopher Calhoune (M) - new name forwarded & new device forwarded
Gyronny of 8 azure and argent, in pale two fleurs-de-lys counterchanged.

No major changes. If his name must be changed, submitter is more interested in the sound. He wishes his name to be changed to be authentic for English language/culture. No documentation was provided with this name.

'Christopher' dated in that spelling to 1503 in Julian Goodwyn's 'Brass Enscription Index' ( http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/brasses/ ). The only information we could find for 'Calhoune' was the following, in Black. s.n. 'Colquhoun' p. 163-64: 'In the United States it has been shortened to Calhoun'. However, we did find the following dated spellings: Cachoune 1592, Calwhone 1329, Colhoun 1611, Culchoun 1309, Culquhoune 1499 and 1527. Between these, the desired spelling is probably a reasonable variant.

10 Christopher Calhoune - new badge returned
(Fieldless) On a cauldron sable enflamed proper a fleur-de-lys Or.

The representation of proper flames seen here is no longer registerable. Flames proper have alternating tongues of red and yellow. If drawn and colored properly, the device is clear of Beinntheine, Shire of ( October 2000, via Meridies). (Fieldless) A cauldron sable. with a CD for the fieldlessness and a CD for the flames, as per this precedent:

"[Or, a ram's head cabossed sable enflamed gules] This is clear of ... Quarterly purpure and argent, a ram's head caboshed sable armed Or. There is one CD for changes to the field, and a second for the addition of significant flames. Laurel in May 1998 registered a badge for the College of St. Bunstable, A chalice purpure enflamed Or, with the comments Against Dorcas Dorcadas, Or a goblet purpure, jeweled proper, there is a CD for fieldlessness, and one for the addition of the significant flames. Similarly, Magnus' flames are significant enough to generate a CD. [Magnus Jager, 11/00, Æthelmearc]"

Note that the flames have to be drawn large enough to be considered 'significant' for this precedent to apply.

11 Christophe de Frisselle (M) - new name forwarded & new device returned
Azure, three cinquefoils argent.

No major changes. Submitter wants an authentic name for 11th-12th century Norman French. No documentation provided for 'Christopher'. 'de Frisselle' found, undated, in Black's Surnames of Scotland p. 278 s.n. 'Fraser, Frazer': 'The name was originally de Frisselle'.

Submitted as "Christopher", the submitter desired accuracy. We have therefore substituted the French form Christophe, dated in Morlet Vol III, s.n. Christophorus to 1270, which is as close as we can get with a non-Latin form of the name with our resources. 'Christopher' is found easily enough in Withycombe, s.n. 'Christopher' p. 65 though that spelling is not dated. It gives the French form as 'Christophe' but as the submitter allows no major changes we cannot change the language of the name. Morlet vol 1 has a 'Christophorous', dated ito 858, 923-927, 975-993, 988-1031, and 1010-1044. Also Christophorus 982, Christoforus 9th and 10th centuries, Christophalus 966, and Christopharus 985. Dauzat lists it under Christophle, as 'Christophe' and says there is a 3rd century saint and martyr by this name, and mentions the 'very popular legend from the middle ages about carrying the infant Christ'. Vol III has, s.n. Christophorus, many, many forms dated to period. Christophe 1270, 1274, 1314; Christophorus 1027, 1050, 13th Century, 1232, 1287, 1000, 1088; Christoforus 1185, 1217, 1232, 1127, 1478, 1330, 1082-1094, 1335, 15th Century; Christophori 1072, 1239, 1330, 1218; Christofori 1370, 1332, 1061; Christoforo 1269; Christofle 14th Century, 1347, 1410, 1316; Christofe 1448; Xristoffle 1457; and Xristofori 1120.

The device is in direct conflict with Jonas Aquillan (06/95, via Caid) Azure, three roses argent and Fraser, Lord Saltoun (08/99 via Caid) Azure, three fraises (cinquefoils) argent.'

12 Ding Li Ying - resub device returned
Or, on three piles in point couped between three points pointed azure a lotus flower argent.

Name sent to Laurel Nov 2003.

This is being returned for several reasons. First, most of the commenters considered it to be unblazonable.

Secondly, the way the lotus flower is drawn, it is an overall charge. This is explicit in the blazon: a single flower is said to lie on three different charges on the field. Overall charges must have good contrast with the field. The flower is argent and the field is Or, not considered good contrast. Yes, it has good contrast with most of the stuff that forms its background. This is a technical point of the rules, not an observation that the charge is not visible.

Third, this device has three points, which is not allowed due to this precedent:

[A device using three points] "Although all three 'points' are mentioned in heraldic tracts, in practice only the base one appears to have been used; and even in the tracts, the dexter and sinister points are described as abatements of honor, to be used separately, and not in conjunction. " [The device was returned for this reason in conjunction with complexity and a difficult-to-identify semy] (Loar 4/92 p.19).

Each of these reasons (unblazonability, three points, bad contrast) is enough by itself to require a return of this device.

13 Douglas Henry - resub device forwarded
Sable, crucily couped, on a bend Or a wolf courant sable.

Submitter's original device, Sable crucilly couped, on a bend Or a wolf courant sable. , was returned at Laurel in February of 2003 because the sable was light enough to be reblazoned as argent, causing contrast issues. This resubmission has entirely solved that problem. His name was registered in February 2003, via the East.

14 Eberhardt von Sommerfeld (M) - new name forwarded & new device returned
Per bend sinister azure and sable, a stag lodged argent.

No major changes. If his name must be changed, the submitter wishes it to be German/Teutonic. 'Eberhardt' a header form in Bahlow's 'German Names' tr. Gentry p. 92. Dated to 1445, Count Eberhardt im Bart. 'von' German for 'from'. 'Sommerfeld' a header form in Bahlow, p. 478, undated: 'pl.n. on the Oder River'.

'Eberhardus' is found, dated to 1200-1250, in Talan Gwynek's 'German Given Names 1200-1250' ( http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/germ13.html ).

The device conflicts with the badge of Richard II of England (December 1994, via Laurel) (Fieldless) A hart lodged argent armed and ducally gorged (sometimes also chained) Or. There is a single CD for the fieldlessness versus fielded.

15 Gryffith FitzWilliam (M) - new name forwarded & new device forwarded
Per pale bendy Or and vert and Or, two stags springing respectant sable and on a chief embattled sable three suns Or.

No major changes. Submitter wishes a language/culture of Anglo-Welsh circa 1410. He does not wish his name to be changed to 'Griffin'. 'Gryffith': Withycombe's Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names, 3rd ed. s.n. 'Griffin' p. 139 cites: '...in Shropshire Feudal Aids 1428...Griffinus seu Griffith Kynaston'. Tangwystyl's 'A Simple Guide to Constructing 13th Century Welsh Names' ( http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/welsh13.html ) cites 'Griffid, Gryffid, Gryffyd' dated to 1292-3. Tangwystyl's 'A Simple Guide to Constructing 16th Century Welsh Names (in English Contexts)' ( http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/welsh16.html ) cites 'Griffith, Gruffith, Gryffyth' dated to the 16th century. Given these spelling variations, 'Gryffith' should be a plausible spelling. 'FitzWilliam' found in Reaney & Wilson, s.n. 'FitzWilliam, FitzWilliams' p. 171: 'Edmund Fitzwilliam, 1424'.

16 Gwillim ap Kynith (M) - new name forwarded

Submitter wishes his name to be changed to be more authentic for early 15th century Welsh. 'Gwillim' from Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn's 'A Simple Guide to Constructing 16th Century Welsh Names (in English Contexts)' ( http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/welsh16.html ). 'Kynith' from Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn's 'A Simple Guide to Constructing 13th Century Welsh Names' ( http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/welsh13.html ).

We have added the article (ap, 'son of') to make the name authentic for the 15th century.

17 Iride Corsellini (F) - new name forwarded & new device forwarded
Gules, on an acorn Or a fleur-de-lys gules.

No major changes. Submitter wishes her name to be made authentic for Italian language/culture. 'Iride': S. Gabriel report #1961 (PCA) presents 'Iride' as the Italian form of 'Iris' and dates it to the Renaissance, referencing de Felice's 'Dizionario dei nomi italiani'. 'Corsellini' found in Florence since the 14th century, according to 'Le Famiglie Di Firenze' (PCA) by Roberto Ciabani. Also found in the 'Online Tratte of Office Holders 1282-1532' ( http://www.stg.brown.edu/projects/tratte/doc/SURNAM1.html , NPCA).

Iride is a header in nomi and Corsellini appears as a variant of the header Córsi in cognomi

Arval has translated the nomi citation for us:

Well spread [through Italy] but more common in the north and especially Lombardy; [this name] is in part a Renaissance and modern revival of the Greek name Iris Iridos, Latinized as Iris Iridis, from iris "rainbow" (also "gladiolus"), which was also the personification of the rainbow and the messenger of the gods; and also in part formed from Italian iris, scientific and learned name of the gladiolus. But the form Iris is primarily a recently fashionable theatrical name taken from the heroine of the popular 1898 lyrical opera "Iris" by P. Mascagni, libretto by L. Illica, in which it is a fantastical name given because the opera is set in Japan.

Similarly, Aine Callaghan has verified that the Ciabani citation claims that Corsellini is a family name found in Florence at the beginning of the 14th Century, who lived in the area of the Oltrarno or on the far side of the river.

18 Jan Starszy (M) - new change of holding name forwarded
Current Name: Jan of the East

Original name submission, 'Jan Starszy Podró{z.}nika', returned at Laurel in April of 2003 for lack of documentation for two descriptive bynames in Polish, and for lack of documentation for Podró{z.}nika. The return stated the following: " Nebuly found information regarding the elements in this name: The name Jan (John) appears in Polish at least as early as 1202 (SSNO, s.n. Jan), and is one of the most common Polish names for the next several centuries. Rymut documents Starszy to 1417 (s.n. Stary), and it does mean 'the elder/older' as given in the LoI. This name would be registerable as Jan Starszy 'John the elder' or as Jan Wandrownyk 'John the wanderer'. However, both of these options are major changes. As the submitter did not allow major changes, we must return this name. " As the submitter is now willing to register 'Jan Starszy', this should not be a problem.

19 Juliana de Kent (F) - new name forwarded

No major changes. Submitter wishes her name to be made authentic for English Tudor time period and language/culture. 'Juliana' found in Withycombe s.n. 'Julian(a)' p. 184 dated in that spelling to 1196-1220 and 1273. Also in 'Feminine Given Names from Kent, 1302-1363' by AElfwyn aet Gyrwum ( http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/aelfwyn/kentfemnames.html , PCA). 'de Kent' found in Reaney & Wilson, s.n. 'Kent' p. 263: 'Nicholas de Kent, 1185...John a Kent, 1524'. Also, 'Kent' is found as a surname in 'Faire Names for English Folk: Late Sixteenth Century English Names' by Christian de Holacombe ( http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/christian/fairnames/surnames.html , PCA).

'Juliana' is also found in the late 16th century, closer to the submitter's desired time period, in 'Late Sixteenth Century English Given Names' by Talan Gwynek ( http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/eng16/eng16alpha.html ).

20 Katerina das Vögelein (F) - new name forwarded & new device forwarded
Vert, a pale checky argent and sable between four horseshoes argent.

No major changes. If her name must be changed, submitter is more interested in the sound. 'Katerina': Bahlow's 'German Names' s.n. 'Katharina' p. 260 dates 'Katerinen' 'H. Katherine's son' to 1336. Also, the form 'Katherina' is found dated to 1495 in Aryanhwy merch Catmael's 'German Given Names from 1495' ( http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/german1495.html ). Between these two, the desired form is probably reasonable. 'Vögelein' is found, undated, in Bahlow's 'German Names' s.n. 'Vogel' p. 526. Dated names with the same base include: Vogel and Vogelfang 1373, 1355; Vogler 1363; Vogeler 1297; and Vogelweyder 1390.

21 Kat'ryna Neblaga Volchkova (M) - new alternate name forwarded & new badge forwarded
Submitted Name: Gaufroi le crieur
(Fieldless) An escallop per pale gules and azure.

'Gaufroi' from Colm Dubh's 'An Index to the Given Names in the 1292 Census of Paris' ( http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/paris.html ): 'Gaufroi le tainturier'. 'le crieur' from the same source: 'Hervy le crieur'. Name registered August 1998, via the East.

Clear of Emma de Fetherstan (April 2002, via Ansteorra) (Fieldless) An escallop gules. There is one CD for fieldlessness and one CD for the change of tincture of half the primary.

22 Keaiji no Nyûdô Nyôdai (F) - new name forwarded & new badge forwarded
(Fieldless) Three butterflies displayed one and two conjoined in annulo argent marked sable.

Submitter wishes her name to be changed to be authentic for 15th century Japan, and wishes a name meaning 'nun of Keaiji Temple'. Manabe, Shunsho. 'The Life of Abbess Mugai Nyodai' ( http://www.columbia.edu/cu/ealac/imjs/programs/1998-fall/manabe_speech.html ) PCA - it mentions the 'homei', or religious name, of the abbess as 'Mugai Nyodai', and that she died in 1298, at the age of 76. Lasrove, Anne. 'Memorial Service for Mugai Nyodai' Institute for Medieval Japanese Studies, vol.6 No.1 June 1995. ( http://www.columbia.edu/cu/ealac/imjs/reports/1995-06 ) PCA. Ruch, Barbara. 'Report on Imperialist Buddhist Convent Survey' Institute for Medieval Japanese Studies, vol.6 No.1 June 1995. (same) PCA. 'Kana Text-MIHO Museum' ( http://www.miho.or.jp/booth/html/doccon/00000640.htm ) - details the existence of the Rinzai sect temple Keaiji which was founded by Mugai Nyoadi in the 13th century. A personal conversation with Ii Saborou (a gentleman with a Japanese persona from the Washington D.C. area) Nov 25-26, 2002. It mentions no sources, nor does it have full headers, and thus cannot be used. It documents a number of name formations for Japanese women. Tisdale, Jiko. 'Ancestors: Lost Stories' Tricycle.com ( http://tricycle.com/currentissue/ancestors_45.htm ) PCA - the article is no longer there. It mentions that women in Japan are commonly known by a single name in histories. It also says that Chinese women's names are spelled in a variety of ways.

Neither Eastern Crown nor any of the commenters apparently know anything about Japanese names. This is getting sent to Laurel for the CoA's experts to deal with it.

23 Lachlan Mac an Toisich (M) - new name forwarded & new device forwarded
Vert, a bend sinister argent and overall a cross bottony Or.

If his name must be changed, the submitter wishes to retain a Highland Scottish 16th century Gaelic language/culture. 'Lachlan' is a header form in Black, p. 410. The following dated spellings are given: Lochlan 1166, Lachlane 1417, Lachlin 1431. Between these the desired spelling seems reasonable. 'Mac an toisich' is given as the Gaelic form on Macintosh in Black, p. 518 s.n. Macintosh, though that form is undated. Maybe dated forms are given, including Mctoschy 1382, Mackyntoich 1468, Mc yntosh 1492, Machyntoys 1500, Macintosh 1528, M'Cuintosych 1557, Mackantoiss 1591, M'kiltosche 1627, M'Intoch 1532, Makintoch 1597, McKintoch 1477, McKintoche 1644, Mackintoche 1472, and many others. None, however, seem to support the desired spelling as a period name, rather than a modern Gaelic form. 'of Benchar': Benchar is the name of lands awarded to the clan after the battle of Bannockburn, according to a photocopy attached to the submission which omits the title page and, indeed, both title and author of the book being photocopied. We could find no other documentation for Benchar as a place name.

Submitted as Lachlan Mac an Toisich of Benchar. Benchar is, in fact, mentioned in the online histories of Clan Chattan ( http://www.electricscotland.com/webclans/atoc/chattan2.html ). The name does, however, fall afoul of this precedent:

(November 2001, Iain Macquarrie of Ulva) This name is being returned for combining the name of a clan with the clan seat of that clan. This is a long-standing precedent best summarized in the LoAR of March 1993: We will continue to prohibit the use of a Scots clan name with the seat or territory of that clan (e.g. Cameron of Lochiel), or a surname with the phrase of that Ilk (or its functional equivalent, e.g Macintosh of Macintosh). That usage, with or without the given name, is the title of the actual chief of the clan or his immediate kin; its use in the SCA represents a direct infringement on actual nobility, and also appears to be a claim to rank, either of which is grounds for return. (Alexander MacIntosh of Islay, March, 1993, pp. 7-8) ]

We have therefore removed the locative so that we do not have to return this name.

The device may be in conflict with that of Gunther Ironwoode (May 1982, via Atlantia) Vert, issuant to sinister from and enfiling widdershins a scarpe a slip, pendant therefrom a leaf argent. There is a CD for the addition of the cross. There is technically a CD for the slip and leaf. A 'scarpe' is a narrow bend sinister. While technically clear, this is an X.5. call, which Eastern Crown can not determine, not having copies of registered armory. The submitter should draw the bend wider, as it is a bit thin.

24 Liadan an Shionnach (F) - new name forwarded & new device returned
Per fess sable and gules, in chief a torteau fimbriated and in base a fox sejant argent.

If her name must be changed, submitter wishes to retain an unspecified meaning. 'Liadan' documented from a number of web pages, none of which are on the no-photocopy list and none of which have copies provided. 'Sionnach' from Mari Elspeth nic Bryan's 'Index of Names in Irish Annals: Descriptive Bynames: Sinnach/Sionnach' ( http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/mari/AnnalsIndex/DescriptiveBynames/Sionnach.shtml , PCA), with the desired spelling dated to 1233, 1316, and 1400. The only documentation provided for the particle 'an' is the fact that 'an Sionnach' has been registered twice in the past. As past registration is no guarantee of future registerability, this is of no use.

Submitted as Liadan an Sionnach. We are tempted to return this name presumptively for lack of supplied documentation for the given name, since documentation is the submitter's responsibility, but as we can document it ourselves, we shall do so. 'Liadan' is from O'Corrain & Maguaire p. 122 s.n. Líadan, Líadain, Líadaine. 'Líadan was also the name of the mother of St Ciarán of Seir. Líadan is also the name of one of the patron saints if the Dál Cais'. It is undated, however recent precedent upholds the use of saints' names: "So, in summary, given names which can be documented as the given name of a saint may be registered as a given name. The use of a name documented as a saint's name carries no weirdness in and of itself. The only weirdnesses that derive from using that name come from the lingual mix of the submitted form of the saint's name with the rest of the submitted name. [09/01, CL] "

Note that the definite article ('an') in this kind of name is apparently limited to a clan chief, though since we can find no precedent we're sending it to Laurel as submitted. Sionnach is masculine, however, so we have lenited it.

The device falls afoul of the Rules for Submission, section VII.3: "Voiding and fimbriation may only be used with simple geometric charges placed in the center of the design." While the roundel is a simple geometric, it is not in the center of the design.

25 Mikulaj von Meissen (M) - new name forwarded & new device forwarded
Per pale vert and sable, on a pale argent a Thor's hammer inverted sable.

No major changes. If his name must be changed, submitter is more interested in Polish language/culture. No documentation was provided for the name, but we have found the following: 'Mikulaj' found in Walraven van Nijmegen and Arval Benicoeur's 'Polish Given Names in Nazwiska Polaków' ( http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/walraven/polish/ ), with the following caveat: 'I have reconstructed the given names from which these surnames were formed. I have restricted myself to surnames dated in period, but the spellings I have chosen for the given names are not necessarily period ones and in some cases are simply the standard modern forms. The appearance of a name in this list proves that some form of it was used in period Poland, but not necessarily the form that I've chosen.'.) 'von' is the German article meaning 'from', but we have been unable to find documentation of 'Meissen' as a place name.

There may be a problem with the German/Polish combination, but there is not currently a precedent against it. There was regular contact between Germany and Poland in period. Indeed, in 1454, Casimir the Jagiellon, king of Poland, declared that he was incorporating Pomerania and Prussia into Poland, which predated the 13-year war. in 1466, the Teutonic knights acknowledged him as their overlord in East Prussia, and he regained West Prussia for himself, in the Second treaty of Torun.

26 Morgan Farraday - new household name forwarded
Submitted Name: The Crimson Scorpion

Name registered as 'Morgan Faraday' in November of 1997. No documentation provided. The submission states only, 'The Crimson Scorpion is the name of Morgan's ship, He wants to register it as a household name for his crew.

While we are very tempted to return this name for lack of documentation on the part of the submitter and utterly non-period practice, it is possible to document it under the 'inn sign' pattern of household names. It is not by any stretch of the imagination a period ship name. The submitter should check out Maridonna Benvenuti's "Ship Names from 1480-01" ( http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/maridonna/shipnames/) if they are interested in an authentic ship's name.

'Crimson' is dated in the OED in various spellings to 1440 with the submitted spelling dated to 1599. 'Scorpion' is dated in this spelling to 1300.

The pattern Color+Animal can be documented from Mari Elspeth nic Bryan's English Sign Names ( http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/mari/inn/#ColorAnimal ) Which gives the following inn sign names; Grayhorse (2 Hen VII), Grayhound (1522), Whitehorse (Whytehorse 1312), and Whitelamb (Whitlambe 1379)

27 Richard Crowe (M) - new name forwarded & new device forwarded
Checky of nine sable and argent, four crows migrant sable.

Submitter wishes his name to be changed to be authentic for the 12th century. Richard found in Reaney & Wilson Rev. Ed. on p. 377 s.n. 'Richard' et. al.: 'Richard Rykelot 1315'. Crowe found in same, p. 118 s.n. 'Crow, Crowe': 'Nicholas Crowe 1187', 'John le Crowe 1332'.

This is likely clear of the device of Egill von Stahl (January 1982, via the West): Quarterly purpure and gules, an eagle displayed, head to sinister, Or between four of the same sable, fimbriated Or. There is a CD for the field. Depending on the sizes of the birds in the old submission, this may or may not be clear. The way it is blazoned, the Or eagle could be a primary and the four sable ones could be secondaries, in which case this is clear with two more CDs: one for change of number of primaries, one for the addition of secondaries. Alternately, if the eagles in the old submission are co-primaries, there are no CDs. There is no CD for the change from four to five and there is no CD for the change in arrangement to 'in cross' from 'two and two' (implied in the old blazon) because the move is forced in the new submission.

28 Ronald Wilmot - new badge returned
(Fieldless) A squirrel maintaining a torch Or.

Name registered in April of 1981 via the West. This badge to be associated with the household name House Wilmot, registered via the East in June 1993.

Conflict with Alasdair MacEogan (02/97, via Ansteorra) (Fieldless) A squirrel sejant erect Or. There is one CD for fieldlessness. There is no CD for the maintined charge.

29 Rupert the Unbalanced - resub device forwarded
Or, a chevron gules between in chief two pairs of arrows inverted in saltire and in base three goblets one and two sable.

Name registered in December of 1990 via the East. Original device, Or goutty de sang, three cups sable. , registered at the same time. If this device is registered, he wishes the old one to be changed to a badge. This device returned at Laurel on the October 2002 LoR for a redraw: The chevron is too narrow, well less than one-third of the width that one would expect of the somewhat narrowish chevron that would fit between a group of secondary charges like these. It must be drawn more prominently to be acceptable. This resubmission fixes this problem nicely.

30 Tanczos Ilona (F) - new name forwarded and new device forwarded
Per pale purpure and argent, six periwinkles, two, two and two, counterchanged.

'Ilona' dated to 1569 in 'Régi Magyar Családnevek Szótára' by Kázmer Miklós (PCA), p. 493 s.n. 'Ilona': 'Ilona János'. 'Tanczos' dated to 1563 in same, p. 1043 s.n. 'Táncos': 'Christophorus Tanczos' The reversed order of family name first and given name last is demonstrated under the same header as 'Tanczos': 'Thanczos Ferenc' 1450, 'Tanczios István' 1603.

The flowers here are period depictions of periwinkles, taken from the Besozzo hours (the submitter liked her AoA so much, she wanted to register that). Eastern Crown will supply photocopies of the documentation with the external LoI.

31 Werner der Fromme (M) - new name forwarded & new device returned
Azure, a chevron lozengy argent and sable between two maltese crosses argent and a lion rampant sustaining a halberd Or.

No major changes. If his name must be changed, submitter is more interested in the sound. 'Werner' dated to 1281, 1314, and 1317 in Talan Gwynek's 'Medieval German Given Names from Silesia' ( http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/bahlow_v.htm ). 'der Fromme': 'Fromm' is a header spelling in Bahlow's 'German Names' p. 135. 'Fromme' is mentioned as an undated alternate spelling.

Unfortunately, for the armory, we must consider this precedent:

[a bear rampant contourny sustaining a halberd] Regarding the "significance" of the halberd, as Green Crown noted, a charge consisting mostly of a long skinny handle will always have difficulty matching the visual weight of other charges, but here the sizes of the charges are about the same as would be expected if they were in fess a bear and a halberd. That seems to be a reasonable rule of thumb for determining sustained (and qualifying for a CD), as opposed to maintained (and not qualifying for a CD), charges. (Wynn of Naevehjem, 9/94 p. 9) Precedents - Da'ud 2.2, under Blazonry

Therefore, the halberd is actually sustained, not maintained as was blazoned on the submission. As such, it has three types of charge in the same charge group (crosses, lion, halberd), which violates the Rules for Submission, section VIII.1.

Without the halberd, the armory seems to be acceptable and clear.

32 William Forester - new device forwarded
Azure, a wolf's head erased and on a chief argent a comet reversed gules.

Name submitted on the East's October 2003 IloI, which has not yet been decided at Laurel.