[SEAL]

Julia P. Szent-Györgyi
eastern.crown@eastkingdom.org

Tuesday, January 31st, 2006

Unto the East Kingdom College of Heralds and all others who do receive this letter, greetings from Kolosvari Arpadne Julia, Eastern Crown Herald!

This is the Letter of Decision for the East Kingdom Internal Letter of Intent dated December 18th, 2005. It contains the first half of the submissions received at Pennsic XXXIV, and has 53 numbered items, plus one Erratum (unrelated to the ILoI in question).

Commentary was received from: Dame Gwenllian ferch Maredudd, Bright Leaf Herald; Istvan Blue Tyger; Brunissende; Canute; Márti; Alison; Aryanhwy Albion; Scolastica la souriete; Eve Chesterfeld; Arval; Alys; Lady Brigit of Longwood, Milestone Pursuivant; Tibor; and Lyle. Many, many thanks to all the commenters. Without you, none of this would ever get done.

Documentation in boldface is copied from the ILoI; my comments and further information follow in regular type.

1 Aildreda de Tamworthe (F) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Per chevron argent and azure, three estoiles counterchanged.

No major changes.

Aildreda is fromThe Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names by E. G. Withycombe, p12, under 'Aldred', which is dated to 1187. The 'a' has been added for feminization. 'de Tamworthe' is from The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-Names, Fourth Edition by Eilert Ekwall, p438, header Tamworth, which cites a Tamworthe from the 8th Century. There is a notation on the worksheet which says something about the 'original name coming from St. Gabriel's Guild' - which I assume is the Academy of St. Gabriel.

You can't normally feminize an Anglo-Saxon name using Latin grammar, but the submitter turns out to be lucky: Aildreda is found dated to 1206 in both R&W s.n. Audrey and Seltén p. 34 s.n. Æþelþryþ. Commenters could not find the submitted spelling in Ekwall s.n. Tamworth; he actually has: Tamouuorði, Tamouuorthig 781; Tomeworðig 799; Tameworþig 922; and Tamuuorde DB. R&W s.n Tamworth offer de Tamewurthe 1189-99, de Tamwurth 1262, and Tampworth 1380. Combining the trends seen in Ekwall and R&W, the submitted spelling seems not unlikely for c. 1200.

S. Gabriel report 697 (http://www.s-gabriel.org/697) deals with forms of the name Etheldreda of Tamworth, and is likely to be this submitter. Also relevant is report 2130 (http://www.s-gabriel.org/2130), which discusses the evolution of the name Audrey in gory detail.

Most commenters said this device is clear of Robert of Starmount (05/1983 West): Per pale and per chevron azure and argent, three estoiles counterchanged, with one CD for the field and one CD for the tincture of half the primary charges: the upper left estoile has changed from blue to white and the bottom one from white to half blue and half white.

2 Alana O'Keefe (F) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Vert, three snails Or.

No major changes.

Alana is from the LoAR of 08/02. See the returns for Meridies under Morganna of the Mists: 'The name Alana has Ælfwyn æt Gyrwum's "Anglo-Saxon Names" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/aelfwyn/bede.html) been found in period. Gage LoC dated 15 June 2001 references this information.' Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn cited (1381) [Robertus Filius Radulf] and [Alana filia eius]. This citation is from Fenwick, Carolyn C, Poll Taxes of 1377, 1379 and 1381, Part 1: Bedfordshire- Licestershire p 112.' O'Keeffe is from Irish Names and Surnames by Patrick Woulfe p 450: the family 'flourished in the 10th century' and 'they maintained themselves as a distinct clan down to the 16th century.'

Commenters could not find Alana listed as period in the "Anglo-Saxon Names" article. However, there is indeed relevant material in the 08/02 LoAR (http://sca.org/heraldry/loar/2002/08/02-08lar.html): under Morgana of the Mists (Returns-Meridies), it quotes Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn as quoting from Fenwick, dating Alana to 1381. Woulfe p. 450 under Ó Caoimh gives the late 16th/early 17th century anglicized spelling O Keeve. Eastern Crown doesn't know enough about Anglicized Irish to figure out if the submitted spelling is reasonable for late period or not, so this is being forwarded as is.

3 Alastar O'Rogan - New Badge forwarded

Azure, a scorpion tail to base Or and in chief a crescent argent.

The name was registered November 2003, via the East.

There is a possible conflict with Timothy der Kenntnisreiche (03/1992 An Tir): Azure, in pale an open book argent grasped by a scorpion Or. If the book is big (sustained), then there is a CD for number of primaries, and another CD for the addition of the secondary crescent, so there is no conflict. However, if the book in the registered device is smaller than the scorpion (maintained), then there is only a single CD for change of type of secondary. This is therefore a visual call.

4 Angus MacGregur of Black Rose (M) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Per pale gules and vert, a lion couchant within a bordure embattled argent.

No major changes.

Angus: The Surnames of Scotland by George F. Black s.n. Angus cites an 'Angus mac Dunec' in 1204. MacGregur: Black, s.n. MacGregor cites a M'Gregur 1600, Makriggur 1600. Black Rose is an SCA branch name, registered 05/1986.

Submitted as Angus macGregur of Black Rose; the patronymic particle is normally capitalized in Anglicized names.

5 Angus Kerr - New Badge forwarded

(Fieldless) A spearhead bendy Or and sable.

Name registered June 2001, via the East

There is a possible, though unlikely, conflict with England (9/1997 Laurel): "[Tinctureless] a pheon". There's one CD for the field, and very likely another CD for orientation: the English and SCA default for a pheon is with the point down, whereas the spearhead points up.

6 Apollonia von Kriegsfeld (F) - New Change Of Holding Name forwarded

Her holding name is Karen von Kreigsfeld, which was registered May 1990, via the East. Apollonia dated 1438 in Talan Gwynek's "Medieval German Given Names from Silesia" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/bahlow_v.htm), also in Talan Gwynek's "15th Century German Women's Names" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/germ15f.html). Kriegsfeld is a town in the Rheinland Pfalz region. Bahlow's Deutschlands Geographische Namenwelt has a river named Kriegbach (dated to 1226 as 'Briche' s.n. Kraich) and mentions also Kriegsheim (s.n. Kriegbach). For the -feld part, see for example Alsfeld (originally Alahesfeld) s.n. Altmühl, Eichsfeld (containing a river name), Elverfeld (originally Elvervelt), Fachsenfeld. See also Siebmacher's Wappenbuch, plate 115: Degenfeldt.

Her original name submission was Vye von Kriegsfeld, which was returned for lack of documentation for the given name. This submission uses a different, well-documented given name.

7 Arelinda Poincelin - New Alternate Name forwarded & New Badge forwarded
Submitted Name: Auguste Herbert

Argent, a flamingo close, one foot raised and on a chief gules, three lilies argent.

Sound is most important. Must have 'Gus' in the first name and 'bear' in the surname. Auguste is listed in Artois, 1601 in Aryanhwy's 'French Names from 1601' (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/french1601.html). Herbert is a header form in Dictionnaire Étymologique des Noms de Famille by Marie-Thérèse Morlet, s.n. Herbert, undated. It is also in Dictionnaire étymologique des Noms de Famille et des Prénoms de France by Albert Dauzat, s.n. Herbelin.

Herbert is dated to 1501 in Aryanhwy merch Catmael's "Late Period French Surnames (used by women)" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/french/latefrenchsurnames.html).

8 Aria d'Abruzzi (F) - New Name forwarded

Meaning most important: "From the region of Abruzzi". Aria from Dizionario dei nomi italiani by Emidio de Felice p 74, s.n. Ario. Abruzzi from Matthew Donald's Atlas of Medieval Europe p 96. Also in Dizionario dei cognomi italiani by Emidio de Felice p42, s.n. Abruzzo - variant given as Abruzzi.

De Felice says Ario was the name of a Roman martyr during the reign of Diocletian, and mentions two minor saints by this (masculine) name. The closest medieval name that commenters could find was Aureo, in "Fourteenth Century Venetian Personal Names" by Arval Benicoeur (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/arval/venice14/venice14given.html). There is a pattern of feminizing names in medieval Italy by changing a final -o to -a, so something like Aria or Aurea might be plausible. Eastern Crown doesn't feel comfortable making this determination, so she's passing the buck.

9 Ása in svarta - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Quarterly Or and azure, a spoon and a hammer in saltire counterchanged.

Meaning 'Asa the Black' and Language/Culture most important. All docs from The Old Norse Name by Geirr Bassi Haraldsson. Ása p 8, female given name. in svarta p 28. 'inn svarti' is listed, the female form is desired.

Based on the information on adjective forms on p. 19 of Geirr Bassi, Eastern commenters believe the byname is correctly feminized. The name appeared on the ILoI as Asa in svarta; the diacritic has been added to match the submission form and the documentation.

10 Bjarki the Short Beard (m) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Sable, a drakkar argent and in base a snail Or, a bordure wavy argent.

Meaning most important. Please translate the name into Old Norse. The submitter offers beer at next Pennsic. Bjarki is from The Old Norse Name by Geirr Bassi Haraldsson, p8, column 2. Shortbeard is a constructed name. Examples include breiðskeggr 'broad beard' (p20, col2); þunnskeggr 'thin beard' (p30, col1); and orðrgskeggi 'bristle beard' (p30, col2).

Based on the examples cited on the ILoI, as well as Stuttfelder 'short cloak' p28, Bláskegg 'black beard' p20, and Refskegg 'fox-beard' p26, something like Stuttskegg(r/i) is likely to be correct, though there's also skamm 'short' and kampi 'whiskers, beard'. Eastern Crown doesn't much care for beer, so she's letting Pelican and the CoA collect on that offer.

11 Batujin Negan (m) - New Name forwarded & New Device returned

Per fess gules and sable, a wolf passant within five thingies palewise in annulo argent.

All documentation from Baras-aghur Naran's "Documentation and Construction of Period Mongolian Names" ( http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/mongol.html), which says that the list of elements from primary sources (which includes 'Batu') can be combined with the grammatical inflections -- '-jin' is the example. Nega is listed in the list of numbers (meaning 'one'). The submitter intends the meaning of 'the first' in using this as an epithet/second element.

The desired and documented name meaning 'one' is Negan; Nega was apparently a typo on the ILoI.

Blazoned on the ILoI as: Per fess gules and sable, a wolf passant within five wolf tails in annulo argent. Commenters agreed that the wolf tails aren't recognizable: they could be feathers, or strangely stylized flames. Therefore, this is returned for using an unrecognizable charge. The consensus is that it may not be possible to draw a recognizable wolf's tail without having the wolf attached.

12 Bertrand Valois - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Vert, a gyron from sinister base and on a chief Or, three fleurs-de-lys vert.

Bertrand is from The Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names by E. G. Withycombe s.n. Bertram as the French form. s.n. Bertrand. Is also a header in Dictionnaire Étymologique des Noms de Famille by Marie-Thérèse Morlet. IGN1292CP gives Bertran and Bertrant. Valois is in Dictionnaire Étymologique des Noms de Famille by Marie-Thérèse Morlet, header form, meaning person from the Vez (est 797).

Based on Dauzat s.nn. Bertrand and Bétrom, ECH's nonexistent French leads her to believe that some form of this given name is medieval. Dauzat s.n. Vallois the header is marked common but naturally undated. This is forwarded for someone who actually knows some French to tackle.

13 Birna rauð - New Device forwarded

Or, on a chief vert three ducks naiant to sinister Or.

Her name was registered in December 2004, via the East.

Her name appeared on the ILoI as Birna Rauð; it was registered with a lower-case 'r' in the byname.

14 Bronwen merch Athruis (F) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Gules, in pale a fret and a Celtic cross argent.

No major changes.

11th Century Welsh language/culture most important. Bronwen is SCA compatible. merch is an early form of 'daughter of' (no documentation given). Athruis is from Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn's "The First Thousand Years of British Names" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/british1000/british1000.html), appendix V, Given names from the Llandau charters, s.n. Welsh Masculine, lists 'Athruis'. No definite date is given, but it is between the 6th and 10th Centuries.

Regarding the patronymic particle "merch," precedent says, "When used as a patronymic particle, the Welsh merch mutates to ferch. There are some early-period texts where the particle didn't mutate in its written form, but did in its spoken form --- i.e. written 'merch' but still pronounced 'ferch'...." (Rhonwen ferch Alun, 12/1992, Acceptances-Middle).

15 Cal mac Mailcon - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Sable, a phoenix gules rising from flames and in chief two flames Or.

Submitter requests authenticity for a 9th century Pictish name. All documentation is from Tangwystl verch Morgan Glasvryn's "A Consideration of Pictish Names". Cal - male given name dated to the 8th century. mac - Gaelic Patronymic marker, "almost certainly in common use toward the 8th century". Mailcon - male given name dated to the 8th century.

The name appeared on the ILoI as Cal mac Mailcun; it has been corrected to match the submission form and the documentation. "A Consideration of Pictish Names" can be found online at http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/tangwystyl/pictnames/.

At first glance, this device appears to be violating contrast requirements, with a gules bird on a sable field. However, the flames are considered part of a phoenix (without them, it'd be just a bird), and these flames are clearly half the charge. Therefore, the phoenix is actually half gules and half Or, which means that it's a neutral tincture and can be placed on any field except gules and Or.

This device is probably clear of Sean Michael MacIntyre: 'Sable, a phoenix Or issuant from flames proper between a pair of flaunches rayonny Or' (4/1981 Ansteorra), with one CD for changing the flaunches to flames, and hopefully another for the change in tincture of the phoenix from Or above and gules-and-Or below to gules above and Or below.

16 Calgacus Etharnan (m) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Azure, a griffin statant to sinister within a bordure argent.

No major changes.

Submitter desires authenticity for a 9th century Pictish name, and the meaning 'spearman'. Both are in Tangwystl verch Morgan Glasvryn's "A Consideration of Pictish Names". Calgacus is know from Tacitus' Life of Agricola and is probably a Latinized form. Etharnon may have to be Latinized to be compatible. While the Gaelic 'mac' was common in 9th Century Pictish names, the submitter would like to avoid its use if at all possible.

"A Consideration of Pictish Names" can be found online at http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/tangwystyl/pictnames/. The spelling Etharnon on the ILoI appears to be a typo.

This device squeaks just clear of Catriona of Mountain Freehold: Azure, a griffin passant to sinister guardant argent within a bordure invected argent, ermined azure (4/1988 East), with one CD for the plain vs. rayonny bordure, and one CD for removing the ermine spots from the bordure.

17 Ciana da Fortuna (F) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Azure, two bottlenose dolphins haurient respectant and in chief three cups Or.

No major changes.

Submitter desires Italian language/culture. Ciana is from Ferrante La Volpe's Feminine Given Names from the Online Catasto of Florence of 1427. Ferrante's Family Names from the Online Catasto of 1427 (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/ferrante/catasto/family_names.html) shows 1 instance of 'Dafortuna'. It is contested that 'da Fortuna' is the true underlying form.

De Felice Cognomi doesn't have very many "da X" names, but the ones he does have are generally written as two words, so ECH agrees that the one-word (actually all caps) form of the surname found in the Catasto is an artifact of that database's formatting practices. De Felice Nomi s.n. Luciano mentions Ciana in some association with a melodrama first performed in Rome in 1738, but ECH doesn't know Italian, so she can't quite decipher what that association is.

Slightly re-blazoned from Azure, two bottle nosed dolphins haurient respectant in chief three cups Or.

18 Conchobar mac Mainchin Ó Laoidhigh (m) - New Name forwarded

Sound is most important, and the submitter wishes an Irish/Gaelic name. Conchobhar is from OCM p57 'especially popular in the late middle ages.' Mainchín is a header in OCM p132, which says there are two saints of that name. Ó Laoidhigh is a header in Irish Names and Surnames by Patrick Woulfe, p582 'As early as the 15th century, a learned member of the family....'

The name appeared on the ILoI as Conchobar macMainchin Ó Laoidhigh; there's normally a space between the patronymic particle and the father's name. The header in OCM is Mainchíne; the form cited in the ILoI is the modern spelling. (See How to Use This Book, p. 9: "the name is first given in its early Irish form. This is followed by a colon, after which the modern Irish form is given.") There is a marginal note on the submission form that the father's name needs to be put into the genitive; according to Woulfe p. 192 s.n. Mainchín, the genitive is identical to the nominative form of this name, at least modernly.

19 Constance of Whitebirch - New Device forwarded

Or, a greyhound statant azure collared sable within a bordure azure.

Constance of Whitebirch was registered May 2003, via the East.

20 Cynuise ó Cianáin of Bardsea - Resub Badge forwarded

(Fieldless) in pale a talon sustaining a hanging balance sable.

Note that this badge was apparently returned by Trimaris for a redraw. The name is registered as Cynuise ó Cianáin of Bardsea in November 1991, via the East.

The name was listed on the ILoI as Cynuise O Ciánaín of Bardsla. It has been changed to the registered form.

21 Cyrene Valeria (F) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Per fess azure and sable, a chevron between a decrescent and a compass star argent.

Meaning is most important. "Daughter of Valerius Fidelis Camerinus (or Greek byname meaning lane or road)". Any changes to the name are OK, but please keep 'Cyrene'. Cyrene is submitter's mundane middle name, and is also a Greek Nymph. Valeria is the feminine form of the Roman nomen Valerius, found in Bardas Xiphias's "Common Names of the Aristocracy in the Roman Empire During the 6th and 7th Centuries" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/byzantine/early_byz_names.html). The submitter is sending a copy of her birth certificate to Eastern Crown to verify the mundane name allowance.

[The new Eastern Crown has not as yet received a single piece of submissions-related paper, so it's perhaps unsurprising if she hasn't seen said legal name verification. She's hoping it exists somewhere.]

22 Damaris MacRobb (F) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Per bend sinister argent and Or, a quill pen bendwise vert distilling a goutte de sang.

Sound is most important. Damaris is from The Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names by E. G. Withycombe, p76, which cites it as a New Testament name used in 1597. MacRobb is from The Surnames of Scotland by George F. Black as a header form. All cited period forms have a single 'b'. However Black, under 'Robb', p695, cites a 'Jok Robb' dated to 1519, so the 'bb' form should be fine.

23 David Ludwig (m) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Quarterly gules and argent, in bend two elephant heads couped contourny proper.

No major changes.

Language/Culture is most important, and the submitter desires an authentic 15th century German name. David is from Etmologisches Wörterbuch der Deutschen Familiennamen by Josef Karlmann Brechenmacher s.n. David(s) Davi(d)t. 1275 David Miles. Ludwig from same, s.n. Ludwig. Most of the given forms are Latin: 1270 Conr. Ludewici. 1294 Henr. Lodewici. 1298 Hannemannus Ludewici.

Ludwig is found as a byname in the submitted spelling in Aryanhwy merch Catmael's "German Names from Nürnberg, 1497" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/german/nurnberg1497.html) and "German Names from 1495" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/german/german1495.html).

The word "couped" has been added to the blazon.

24 Edward Grey of Lochleven (m) - Resub Name forwarded & New Device returned

Par pale and per chevron inverted vert and azure, an oak tree eradicated between three mullets of four points argent.

No major changes.

Language/culture is most important, and the submitter desires an authentic mid 15th century English/Scots name. Edward is in The Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names by E. G. Withycombe s.n. Edward. Edward was on the throne until 1377, since then it has been in regular use as a Christian name with very little fluctuation. Grey is in The Surnames of Scotland by George F. Black, s.n. Gray, Henry Grey 1296, surname is now common all over Scotland. Lochleven - Place-Names of Scotland by James B Johnston, sn. Leven gives Lochlewyn 1145, Lohuleuene 1156, and later shows 1238 Levyne, 1370 Lewyne. Client prefers the more modern spelling to go with the mid 15th century English/Scottish.

His previously submitted name, Edward Grey, was returned by Eastern Crown in December 2002 for a mundane conflict. This submission clears that conflict by adding a locative. There were also a device (completely different from this one) and a household name submitted at that time (East ILoI 15Oct2002), which were pended for lack of a primary name to attach them to.

Withycombe doesn't actually date the spelling Edward, just use of the name in some form or other. There's the usual early bias in the available given name data (Withy: Eaduuard, Æduuard, Eduuard, Eduard DB; Eduardus 1187-1219; R&W s.n. Edward: Eaduuardus, Eduuard(us), Æduuardus 1066; Edwardus 1206), but Black s.n Edward offers George Edward 1441, Watty Edward 1504, and s.n. Edwardson there's George Edwardson, Edwardeson 1486, 1490.

As the submitter was told at Pennsic, this device violates RfS VIII.2.b.iv. by using a low-contrast field division that's not quarterly, per saltire, or evenly divided into two parts.

25 Edwin the Unwyse - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Argent, a seven armed candelabra sable.

Edwin from The Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names by E. G. Withycombe p95, header Edward. First Christian king of Northumberland (585-633). the Unwyse from A Dictionary of English Surnames, Revised Edition by P.H. Reaney & R.M. Wilson p 462 s.n. Unready. ex: John Unwyse dictus Kypard 1317 AssK 'unwise'.

The header to look under in Withycombe is Edwin, not Edward as stated on the ILoI; she doesn't actually date the header spelling. However, Reaney & Wilson s.n. Edwin p. 152 there's Edwin' Wridel 1066 and Adam filius Edwini 1206, etc. R&W under Wise there's (among others) Ædwin Wise (!) 1176 and Roger le Wis 1203, and Bardsley s.n. Wise has le Wyse 1273 and EdwII.

26 Eirikr ístrumagi Bjarnarson - New Name forwarded

No major changes.

All names from The Old Norse Name by Geirr Bassi Haraldsson. Eirikr a given name p9. ístrumagi a nickname, 'punch-belly/fat-gut' p23. Bjarnarson - p7, 'son of a man named Bear'.

It should be noted that the patronymic is based on Bj{o,}rn (genitive Bjarnar according to p. 18 of GB), not Bjarni (gen. Bjarna, p. 17 ibid).

27 Eleanor Lebrun (F) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Per saltire Or and vert, a saltire between four hummingbirds volant to sinister, wings addorsed, all counterchanged.

Sound most important, the masculine form of the surname is preferred. Eleanor from The Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names by E. G. Withycombe s.n. Eleanor says 'from the 12th to the 15th century, the name usually appears as Alienor, Eleanor, Elianor', and dates the (probably Latinized) form 'Eleanora' to 1205 and 1207. Lebrun is in Dictionnaire Étymologique des Noms de Famille et des Prénoms de France by Albert Dauzat , s.n. Brun, undated but marked 'common'.

R&W s.n. Brown date le Brun to 1111-38, c1140, and 1169.

Re-blazoned from Per saltire Or and vert, between for hummingbirds addorsed volant facing to sinister a saltire counterchanged.

28 Eleanor Lebrun - New Badge forwarded

(Fieldless) On an eight-petaled flower vert, a hummingbird volant wings addorsed facing to sinister Or.

29 Eoghan Bastard mac Lachlainn (m) - New Name forwarded

No major changes.

Meaning most important. Eoghan from OCM p87 s.n. Eógan, Eoghan, Eoan. Late period form is desired. Bastard from The Surnames of Scotland by George F. Black p60 s.n. Bastard: Robert Bastard 1086. Also A Dictionary of English Surnames, Revised Edition by P.H. Reaney & R.M. Wilson s.n. Bastard: William le Bastard 1201. mac is 'son'. Lachlainn from Irish Names and Surnames by Patrick Woulfe p386 s.n. MacLaclainn.

Having received no commentary on this name, Eastern Crown is sending it on for wiser heads to look at.

30 Erich Quik (m) - New Name forwarded & New Device returned

Argent, on a pale endorsed between in chief two mullets of four points elongated to base sable in pale a mullet of four points elongated to base and a rapier inverted argent.

Sound is most important. Eric from The Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names by E. G. Withycombe s.n. Eric, in the Domesday Book. DGN s.n. Erich, Erich v. Segen, 1293, v. Koppelon 1320. Quik from A Dictionary of English Surnames, Revised Edition by P.H. Reaney & R.M. Wilson s.n. Quick, William Quik 1282. Also Bahlow-Gentry s.n. Quick dated as Middle High German.

Withycombe dates Iricus to DB, not Eric as implied on the ILoI. Bahlow/Gentry mentions Erich as the name of several counts and dukes in the 14th-15th centuries, as well as the cited 1293 and 1320 dates, and the header for the byname is Queck (Quick is just a cross-reference, with a parenthetical "freq. in Düsseld."). This name should not conflict with Arioch the Quick (11/1992 East), since the given names sound and look quite different, and aren't even related: Arioch has three syllables, and is Biblical in origin.

This device conflicts with Eckhart von Eschenbach: Argent, on a pale sable between a pair of arrows inverted and in chief two mullets sable, an arrow inverted and in chief a mullet argent (01/1997 Meridies), with one CD for the secondary arrows vs. endorses, but nothing for changing the type only of one of the tertiary charges (arrow vs. rapier), and nothing for four- vs. five-pointed mullets.

31 Esztelneki Zwzanna (f) - New Name forwarded

No major changes.

Submitter desires 16thC Hungarian language/culture. Esztelneki is from Régi Magyar családnevek szótára. XIV-XVII. század by Kázmér Miklós p337, s.s.n. dated to 1632. Zsuzsana is from Walraven van Nijmege's "Hungarian Feminine Names" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/magfem2.html), #17 on the top 21 names from the 16th century. This spelling is dated to 1550.

(Corrected from Estelneki Zwzanna, which also happens to be a plausible period spelling, but never mind.) Esztelneki is found in Kázmér as a normalized or modernized form (it's in square brackets), but it's a plausible period spelling: compare for example Esztarj 1588 s.n. Esztári (ibid). The placename is period, though the usual early bias in the available data applies: Kiss vol. I p. 433 s.n. Esztelnek has Izkulnuk 1332-7, and no later dated forms.

32 Étaín ingen uí Chommáin - New Device forwarded

Per pale argent and sable, two rats combattant counterchanged.

The name Étaín ingen uí Chommáin was registered May 2004, via the East.

33 Eularia Trewe (f) - New Name forwarded

No major changes.

Eularia is from A Dictionary of English Surnames, Revised Edition by P.H. Reaney & R.M. Wilson p232 s.n. Hillary, gives the following dated examples: Eularia de Hulle (1200), Eularia Trussebut (1200). It also gives the masculine Eularius de Syre (1214). Trewe is from same, p455 s.n. "True", cites 'William Trewe' (1301), Henry le trewe (1327). A Dictionary of English and Welsh Surnames by Charles Wareing Bardsley p767 s.n. True gives Henry Trewe (1273).

R&W s.n. Hillary also has Eularia as a feminine given name dated to 1204 and 1212, and under True, there's also de Trewe 1219. Lovely name.

34 Fergus Gove - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Argent, a blacksmith's tongs sable, on a chief embattled azure three loaves of bread Or.

Submitter desires sound 'Fehr-gus Goh-va'. Fergus from Irish Names by Donnchadh ÓCorraín & Fidelma Maguire p97 s.n. Fergus, which says this is an extremely common name in early period. Gova is from The Surnames of Scotland by George F. Black, p322 s.n. Gove and Gow. It cites a 'Colin Gove' (1278) and several 'Gow' spellings in the 1580's.

R&W s.n. Fergus offer filius Fergusi 1180, Fergus filius Suein 1188, and John Fergus 1251, and s.n. Gow there's Gowe 1230 and Gow 1580. The spelling Gova on the ILoI appears to be a typo.

35 Fergus McCann (m) - New Name returned & New Device therefore also returned

Quarterly azure and Or, in bend sinister two boars rampant reguardant gules.

Submitter desires authenticity for a 15th-century English-language name for someone living in Ireland. Fergus from Irish Names by Donnchadh ÓCorraín & Fidelma Maguire p97-98. 'Extremely common in early period. Mentioned in the Tain and Finn ballads. Current right up to the 19th C.' McCann from The Surnames of Ireland by Edward MacLysaght p36 s.n.MacCann: 'A leading sept in (undecipherable)', undated. Irish Names and Surnames by Patrick Woulfe p326 s.n. MacCanna. The submitter claims that the name appears in his own family as far back as the 16th C.

This name conflicts with Fergus McCain (11/2002 Outlands). There's only one letter different, and the change to the vowel sound (if there is one) isn't sufficient difference. Unfortunately, if the name is returned at kingdom, the device has to be returned as well, for lack of a name to attach it to. (ECH isn't in the business of creating holding names, and we've seen what happens with pended armory.)

The blazon has been corrected from Quarterly azure and Or, in bend two boars rampant reguardant gules.

36 Francesco Gaetano Greco d'Edessa - New Badge forwarded

Per saltire gules and argent, a cross potent counterchanged within a bordure Or.

This name was registered in June of 2004, via the East.

His name appeared on the ILoI as Francesco Gaetano Greco de Edessa; it has been changed to the registered spelling.

37 Francesco Gaetano Greco d'Edessa - New Badge forwarded

Azure, two batons in saltire between four crosses crosslet argent.

This name was registered in June of 2004, via the East.

His name appeared on the ILoI as Francesco Gaetano Greco de Edessa; it has been changed to the registered spelling.

38 Fiametta Zingaretti (f) - New Name forwarded

Submitter desires authenticity for Sicilian language/culture, but please make only minor changes for authenticity. Any changes allowed for registration. Rhian Lyth of Blackmoor Vale's "Italian Renaissance Women's Names" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/italian.html) dates Fiametta to 14-15th. C Florence. Dizionario dei nomi italiani by Emidio de Felice p168 s.n. Fiamma shows Fiametta as an alternate form. Dizionario dei cognomi italiani by Emidio de Felice p271-2 s.n. Zingari gives Zingaretti as an alternate form found sporadically around Italy, mostly around Puglia and around Salento. It dates an Albertinus Çingarellus to around 1262 as derived from Zingaro.

De Felice actually has Fiammetta (with two 'm's), and says something about this name being popularized by Boccaccio's works, where it's often the name of the love interest, with roots in a Commedia dell'Arte character.

39 Franqueite du Grandchamp (f) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Argent, on a bend sinister gules between an escallop vert and a thistle proper a horse's head couped Or.

No major changes.

Submitter cares most about the sound, and will not allow any changes to the surname at all. Colm Dubh's "An Index to the Given Names in the 1292 Census of Paris" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/paris.html) lists a 'Franqueite la chardonnière'. du Grandchamp is grandfathered: The submitter is the offspring of Stephen du Grandchamp (7/84) and Ellen du Grandchamp (4/9?).

Ellen du Grandchamp's name was registered in April 1990. Dauzat s.n. Grand p. 304 lists Grandchamp, undated. Dauzat & Rostaing s.n. Grandchamp p. 328 date Magnus Campus 1202 and Grant Champ 1338.

The word "couped" has been added to the blazon.

40 Freygerðr in stórráða Halladóttir (f) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Azure, a rabbit sejant erect reguardant and in chief a needle fesswise argent.

No major changes.

Submitter desires a name from 12th century or earlier Greenland, and sound is most important. All documentation is from The Old Norse Name by Geirr Bassi Haraldsson. Freygerðr is on p9. in stórráða is on p28 (p19 says it's feminine). Halli is on p11, patronymic formed in the genitive according to the rules on p17.

The word "fesswise" has been added to the blazon.

41 Franz Gottfried von der Pfalz (m) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Azure, a pale between six garbs argent.

If any element needs to be dropped, the submitter would prefer to lose the locative first. Sound is most important. Franz is in Mittelhochdeutsches Namenbuch by Adolf Socin, p140 lists a 'dominus Franz civis Zovingensis 1270'. Gottfried is a surname, under its own header in both [DNL] and Etmologisches Wörterbuch der Deutschen Familiennamen by Josef Karlmann Brechenmacher, but is undated as a surname. Bahlow cites a crusader, 'Gottfried of Bouillon', and 'Gottfried of Strassburg', MHN epic writer' (that's what the form says, I have no clue). 'von der' is 'of the'. Pfalz is in Etmologisches Wörterbuch der Deutschen Familiennamen by Josef Karlmann Brechenmacher p120 s.n. 'Pfalzer', which says 'einer aus der ''Jungen Pfalz'' (Pfalz = Neuberg in bayr. Schw.).', which the form claims 1. shows that people were named from a place named 'Pfalz' and 2. that Pfalz is feminine, so 'von der' is the correct form.

There appeared to be some difficulty deciphering the form. What Bahlow/Gentry says under Gottfried is: "G. is one of the most popular Christian names of the Middle Ages, its popularity was supported by famous members of the nobility (Gottfried of Bouillon, crusader; G. of Strasbg., MHG epic writer), ..." It seems entirely plausible as an unmarked patronymic. There is a precedent that seems to imply that the correct form of the locative is von Pfalz (Elisabeth Johanna von  Flossenburg, 04/2000, A-Æthelmearc), but Eastern Crown seems to recall from somewhere or other that origin from a region (rather than a specific town) is usually expressed with an adjective. Thus, Pfalzer may be more likely than either version of preposition + placename. The determination of the correct form is left to the wisdom of the CoA.

42 Franz von Heilbronn - New Device returned

Sable, a mountain cat's head couped and in chief an annulet engrailed between two garbs Or.

The name was registered in November 2003, via the East.

Re-blazoned from Sable, a mountain cat's head couped and in chief an annulet indented counter-indented between two garbs Or. This conflicts with Alphia Biraz-pars: Sable, a natural leopard's head couped Or marked sable (5/1986 Middle). There is one CD for the things in chief. The other needed difference would have to come from comparing the two cat's heads. There are many precedents that say essentially, "cats is cats"; see, for example, November 2001 (Sheila Stuart, R-Meridies): comparing a natural tiger couchant guardant contourny Or marked sable with Gules, in pale a Grecian façade argent and a cat couchant to sinister Or, the precedent states, "There is one CD for removing the second primary charge... There is no difference for changing the type of cat, or for the tincture change represented by the markings."

43 Genevieve Cranwell (f) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Azure, a crane in its vigilance argent and a base argent masoned azure.

No major changes.

The sound 'Gen-e-viere' is most important to the submitter. 'Geneviere' is in Colm Dubh's "An Index to the Given Names in the 1292 Census of Paris" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/paris.html), which has a Geneviére la Flamenge. The client wishes the Anglicized version. 'Genevieve' is in The Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names by E. G. Withycombe p127, which lists a St. Geneviève born in 422. There are no other dates given. 'Cranwell' is from A Dictionary of English Surnames, Revised Edition by P.H. Reaney & R.M. Wilson p115, cites a 'John Cranwell 1442'

All instances of "Geneviere" on the ILoI are apparently mis-readings of a handwritten 'v' as an 'r'. Aryanhwy merch Catmael's "Names from a 1587 Tax Roll from Provins" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/french/provins1587.html) has a Geneviefve de Poisieu, without diacritics.

44 Gillian de Whittemere - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Azure, a fox courant, in base a rose argent seeded Or, on a chief argent three martlets sable.

No major changes.

Submitter desires meaning 'Gillian de Whitmere'. 'Gillian' is from A Dictionary of English Surnames, Revised Edition by P.H. Reaney & R.M. Wilson p 191, cites 'Giliane c. 1198'. 'de Whittemere' also from R&W, p 487, s.n. 'Whitemore', cites a 'Gilbert de Whitemere 1275'.

Withycombe s.n. Julian(a) p. 184 dates Gillian to 1273. R&W don't actually date the double-t spelling of the surname, but Bardsley p. 809 s.n. Whitemore has Whittemore 1379.

45 Gillian MacLachlan de Holrode - New Device forwarded

Per bend embowed counter-embowed azure and argent, two bear's paws couped counterchanged.

The name was registered in April 2003.

46 Gisela Szabo (f) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Purpure, a dragonfly and in base two chevronels braced argent.

Sound is most important. Gisela is the name of Hungary's first queen. Used originally by everyday people. Fehértóo Katalin's Arpád-koriszemély-Néutár p39 s.n. Gisela lists a 'Kesula filia Pangracii'. 'Szabo' is an occupational byname, meaning 'tailor', from [KAZMER] p955 s.n. Szabó, this spelling dated to the mid-16th C and others to as early as 1349.

(Speaking as the consulting herald on this one...) The summary on the ILoI isn't quite what I wrote, and there are some typos in authors and book titles. Regarding the given name: Gisela is best known in Hungary as the name of the country's first queen, but forms of it were occasionally used by others. The name Kesula filia Pangracii (Fehértói Katalin: Árpád-kori személynévtár p. 339 s.n. Gisela) is evidence of this, since the queen's father was called Wilhelm, not Pangrac. On the form, I gave the date for this cite as 1214, but this is something of a shorthand. Fehértói actually gives the date as +1214/1334, which means that the cite is from a 1334 copy of an original with a doubtful date of 1214. Although the rest of Fehértói's cites all appear to refer to the queen, they can be a source of alternative spellings. Of particular interest is the Latin genitive form Giselae, from a 16c. document based on an 11c. original, which shows that the submitted spelling is period.

The words "in base" have been added to the blazon.

47 Gisele Flambeau - Resub Badge forwarded

Gules, a flame within a bordure Or.

The name was registered October 2004, via the East.

Her previous badge submission, (Fieldless) A flame Or, was returned on the East's 05Nov2003 Letter of Report (containing decisions on the 13Sep2003 ILoI), for conflict with Aonghais Dubh MacTarbh: Argent, a flame sable voided Or (8/1981 West). This submission clears that conflict by adding a bordure.

48 Guinemar d'Anglade - New Device forwarded

Azure, three plates in chief within a bordure argent.

The name was registered December 1995, via the East.

49 Gülüg-jab Tangghudai - Resub Household Name forwarded
Submitted Name: Mönggülïg Ordu

No changes.

Form reads: 'The name is Mongolian for 'Silver Horde'. The name was previously returned by the CoA; the submitter has presented an article he wrote for the 2004 KWHSS Proceedings. This article is located online at http://silverhorde.viahistoria.com/research/ResearchingMongolianNames.html. The EK CoH and CoA are encouraged by Laurel to peruse this article for discussion in both internal and external commentary.

The name was registered August 1998, via the East.

The correct URL for the article is http://silverhorde.viahistoria.com/research/ResearchingMongolNames.html. The Laurel return was on the April 2003 LoAR; the original submission appeared on the East's 08Mar2002 ILoI. The return said, in part: "Lacking evidence that a name meaning 'Silver Horde' is a reasonable  description of a group of people in period Mongol, Mönggülig Ordu is not  registerable. Additionally, no support was found that a word meaning 'Horde' would not be presumptuous as a designator for a household name." The article appears to at least touch on both issues, but Eastern Crown feels thoroughly unqualified to judge the validity or persuasiveness of the arguments, so she's passing the buck.

50 Heinrich von Eisleben (m) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Per pale azure and sable, a bend between an increscent and a decrescent argent.

No changes.

Heinrich - stated to be the most widespread and popular Christian name in Germany on p229 of Dictionary of German Names by Hans Bahlow (translated by Edda Gentry). von Eisleben is a locative from Etmologisches Wörterbuch der Deutschen Familiennamen by Josef Karlmann Brechenmacher, s.n.n. which has 1573 von Islebius aus Vacha.

The Bahlow quote on the ILoI missed the most convincing part under Heinrich: "In the Middle Ages, the most widespread and popular Christian name..."

51 Iulianiia Trieska (f) - New Name forwarded & New Device returned

Argent, a tree eradicated proper and on a chief vert an arrow reversed argent.

No major changes.

Iulianiia is from Predslava Vydrina's "Russian Personal Names: Name Frequency in the Novgorod Birch-Bark Letters" (http://s-gabriel.org/names/predslava/bbl/) dated to the 12th century. Trieska from A Dictionary of Period Russian Names by Paul Wickenden of Thanet s.n. Triska, submitted spelling dated to 1497.

Blazon corrected from Argent, a tree proper and on a chief vert an arrow argent. Unfortunately, this conflicts with Aline von Ronneburg: Argent, a birch tree eradicated, on a chief vert a horse passant contourny argent (06/2001 Drachenwald), with just one CD for the change of type of tertiary charge. Precedent says there is no difference between vert and proper trees: "(Argent semy of pine trees couped vert) Conflict with ... Argent, a pine tree proper. There's one CD for the number of trees, but no difference for changing less than half the tincture of the trees ... from vert to wood-brown" (Shaun of the Forrest, Jan. 2002, R-Atenveldt).

52 Jacobus Jager Draak (m) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Sable, on a bend sinister purpure fimbriated, a wingless dragon passant reguardant heading up the bend argent.

No major changes.

Submitter desires authenticity for mid 15th C Dutch. The client originally got the names from sources at Indiana U. of PA. These are Pennsic sources: Jacobus is from Aryanhwy's 'Dutch names 1358-1361', which lists both 'Jacob' and 'Jacop'. Form claims that 'Jacobus' is the standard Latin form. Jager is from 'Flemish Bynames from 1400-1600' (http://www.s-gabriel.org/docs/bruges/), 'der Jaeghere' 1400-1550'. Draak is from Dictionary of German Names by Hans Bahlow (translated by Edda Gentry) p85 s.n. Draa(c)k. which cites a J. van deme Drachin 1363, C. Draache 1357, and notes the forms with a k (not a ch) as Low German.

Knudsen, Gunnar and Marius Kristensen: Danmarks Gamle Personnavne I. Fornavne A-K p. 587 forward s.n. Iacobus dates Jacobus many times to the 12th to 14th centuries. P. 202 s.n. Draki there's Drakss: (abbreviation for Draksson) dated 1498. Brechenmacher vol. 1 p 764 under Jäger dates Bercht. dictus Jäger to 1280. Commenters weren't sure if the use of multiple bynames is appropriate in Dutch, and if so, what order the bynames should go in.

Reblazoned from Sable, on a bend purpure fimbriated, a wingless dragon passant reguardant contourny argent. ECH feels that blazoning the dragon as "contourny" is misleading: heading up the bend ought to be the default. The wording above is perhaps unorthodox, but ought to be clear.

53 Jaquelinne la coustiere (f) - New Name forwarded

Submitter cares most about having a 13th century French name. Jaquelinne is from Colm Dubh's "An Index to the Given Names in the 1292 Census of Paris" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/paris.html) Coustiere is from Colm Dubh's "An Index to the Occupational By-Names in the 1292 Census of Paris" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/parisbynames.html) It means 'feather bed/cushion/mattress maker.'

Submitted as Jaquelinne la Coustiere, the capitalization has been changed as per precedent (Baudoin le pevrier, 09/2005, Acceptances-Meridies).

Erratum

Alida dei Conti. This name appeared as item 5 on the East Kingdom External Letter of Intent dated 30Apr2004, marked as a "resubmission", and was registered in September 2004. It should have been marked as a "Change of Holding Name" for the holding name and device Alida of the East: Azure fretty, on a pile inverted throughout Or a thistle proper (May 2003, via the East).

The submission history for her name and device is rather long and complicated. Leaving out most of the in-kingdom convolutions, it goes something like this: The name Alida de Conti appeared as item 2 on the EK ELoI dated 9Jun2002, and was returned by Laurel in October 2002 for lack of proof that Alida is the submitter's legal name. Her device was item 1 on the EK ELoI dated 23Jan03; her name was at that point marked as "in submission", as the October decisions had not apparently been published yet. Her device was therefore registered under the holding name Alida of the East in May 2003. Meanwhile, her name appeared as item 3 on the April 2003 Internal LoI, marked as a resubmission, as there was at that point no holding name to change; it made no mention of her device (which was then in process at the Laurel level). Due to backlog issues, it took a year for this resub to make it onto an external letter (the above-mentioned 30Apr2004 ELoI); the nature of the submission should at that time have been changed to "change of holding name", but this was (understandably enough) forgotten in the rush to finally get stuff to Laurel.

Bibliography

Bahlow, Hans. Deutschlands Geographische Namenwelt. Vittorio Klostermann: Frankfurt am Main, 1965.

Bahlow, Hans; translated by Edda Gentry. Dictionary of German Names, 2nd ed. Max Kade Institute, Madison, Wisconsin, 2002.

Bardsley, Charles Wareing. A Dictionary of English and Welsh Surnames. Oxford University Press, London, 1901.

Black, George F. The Surnames of Scotland. New York Public Library, 1989.

Brechenmacher, Josef Karlmann. Etymologisches Wörterbuch der Deutschen Familiennamen. C.A. Starke-Verlag, Limburg, 1957-60.

Dauzat, Albert and Marie-Thérèse Morlet. Dictionnaire étymologique des noms de famille et prénoms de France. Librairie Larousse, Paris, 1989.

Dauzat, Albert et Charles Rostaing. Dictionnaire Étymologique des Noms de Lieux de la France. Paris, 1963.

De Felice, Emidio. Dizionario dei cognomi Italiani. Mondadori, Milan, 1992.

De Felice, Emidio. Dizionario dei nomi Italiani. Mondadori, Milan, 1986.

Ekwall, Eilert. The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-Names. Fourth edition. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1991.

Fehértói Katalin. Árpád-kori személynévtár. Akadémiai kiadó, Budapest, 2004.

Geirr Bassi Haraldsson. The Old Norse Name. Private Press, Maryland, 1977.

Johnston, James B. Place-Names of Scotland. Edinburgh? 1934.

Kázmér Miklós. Régi magyar családnevek szótára. Magyar Nyelvtudományi Társaság, Budapest, 1993.

Kiss Lajos. Földrajzi nevek etimológiai szótára. 2 vols: A-K, L-Zs. Akadémiai kiadó, Budapest, 1997.

Knudsen, Gunnar and Marius Kristensen. Danmarks Gamle Personnavne I. Fornavne A-K. Copenhagen, 1936-40.

Morlet, Marie-Thérèse. Les Noms de Personne sur le Territoire de L'Ancienne Gaule du VIe au XIIe Siècle. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique: Paris, 1968, 1972, 1985.

Ó Corraín, Donnchadh and Fidelma Maguire. Irish Names. Lilliput Press, Dublin, 1990.

Reaney, P.H. and R. M. Wilson. A Dictionary of English Surnames. Third edition, Oxford University Press, 1995.

Seltén, Bo. The Anglo-Saxon Heritage in Middle English Personal Names. Lund, 1979.

Withycombe, E.G. The Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names. Third edition. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1979.

Woulfe, Patrick. Sloinnte Gaedheal is Gall. Irish Names and Surnames. M.H. Gill & Son, Dublin, 1923.