1 Adhemar von Kempten (m) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Quarterly sable and argent, four griffins segreant counterchanged.

Adhemar is found in Juliana de Luna's "Occitan Townspeople in the 14th Century" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/occitan.html). Bahlow's Deutsches Namenlexicon under Kempt(er) dates Conr. Kempter to 1337, meaning 'from Kempten'. This should support 'von Kempten'.

A period map of the city of Kempten, Germany can be found in Braun and Hogenberg: Civitates Orbis Terrarum II (first Latin edition of volume II published 1575), available at http://historic-cities.huji.ac.il/germany/kempten/maps/braun_hogenberg_II_38.html. The map has the town's name as "Campidonia, vulgo Kemptten"; combined with the Kempter (single 't') cite from Bahlow, this should be enough to support the submitted form of the byname. French and German combinations have been ruled to be a step from period practice, but registerable (Gabrielle von Friedrichsthal, 04/04 A-Calontir); commenters believe the same principle probably applies when combining Occitan and German.

2 Alfonso Pontelli (m) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Per bend sinister azure and argent, a bend Or between a unicorn rampant contourny and an oriental dragon contourny counterchanged.

No major changes. If his name must be changed, he cares most about the sound. Alfonso is found in the "Online Tratte of Office Holders 1282-1532, Given Names" (http://www.stg.brown.edu/projects/tratte/doc/name1.html), with 42 occurrences. Pontelli is found (undated) under Ponte in De Felice's Dizionario dei cognomi italiani.

Commenters were unable to find a dated citation for Pontelli, but Aryanhwy's "Italian Names from Imola, 1312" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/italian/imola.html) has one instance of de Ponte (in a Latin context). Few Italian surnames developed after SCA period, so the undated cite from De Felice should be enough to give the submitter the benefit of the doubt.

3 Ana Ximenez de Hume (f) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Or semy of roundels purpure, a wolf contourny gules.

No major changes. If her name must be changed, she cares most about the sound. Ana occurs 20 times in Juliana de Luna's "Spanish Names from the Late 15th Century" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/isabella). Ximenez is dated to 1237 on p. 157 of Apellidos Castellano-Leoneses. Hume is dated to 1451 in Black's Surnames of Scotland p. 363 s.n. Home. Her name is constructed based on her parents' registered names.

The form doesn't say, but her parents are Isabel Jimenez de Gaucin, reg. Apr. 98 via the Middle, and Jayme Hume of Berwick, reg. Oct. 98 via the Middle. The linguistic mix of Spanish and (presumably) Scots was of some concern, given that Spanish/Welsh and Spanish/Anglicized Irish combinations have been disallowed. However, Hume can also be found as a locative byname in English: Bardsley pp. 407-408 s.n. Hume has de la Hume 1273 and Hulme 1610, and R&W adds Hume 1275 (p. 243 s.n. Hume), de Home 1275, del Home1222, atte Home 1327, and Home 1524 (p. 237 s.n. Home). This list omits references to the Scottish Hume/Home. English/Spanish combinations have been ruled a step from period practice, but registerable (Isabella Maria-Magdalena Fernandes de Chaves, 05/04 R-Trimaris).

The submitter has a small silk banner with about the right proportion of field to strewn charge, so any artistic notes need to be addressed to the unidentified Pennsic volunteer who went a bit overboard with the roundels. Everything is still recognizable, however, so I believe this rendering is registerable.

4 Anna Tarr (f) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Argent, a turtle tergiant fesswise vert between two bars wavy azure between three gouttes sable.

Anna is found in R&W p. 400 s.n. Semple, dated 1515, and p. 430 s.n. Strangeway, dated 1507. Tarr is dated 1593/4 in "Names in Chesham, 1538-1600/1" by Mari Elspeth nic Bryan (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/mari/chesham/). The submission form notes that this should be clear of Anna Tanner, reg. Mar 93 via the Middle.

Commenters agreed that Tanner vs. Tarr is not a conflict.

There is precedent disallowing ordinaries that are "wavy bretessed" (Catherine the Merry, 12/91 R-Trimaris; quoted many times thereafter, including Andrew Quintero, 09/99 R-Atenveldt). Although this is two bars wavy, rather than a single wavy ordinary, so that this precedent shouldn't technically apply, the narrowness of the bars means that this could easily be interpreted as "a fess wavy bretessed argent fimbriated azure", in which case the precedent would be a problem. Also, a commenter cited a possible conflict with Luke of Iron Bog (Oct. 98 via the East): Argent, a goutte de poix between two bars wavy azure. If the turtle and gouttes form a single charge group, this has a single CD for number of charges (and nothing for changing the type and tincture of just one out of four charges). Commentary was mixed on these issues, and I feel thoroughly out of my depth, so I'm sending this up.

5 Armand de Crecy - New Device Change forwarded

Or, 'Je me souviens' between two scarpes engrailed on the outer edge between two fleurs-de-lys within a bordure engrailed sable.

His name was registered in Oct. 1985 via the East. His current device, registered Mar. 1986 via the East, Or, two scarpes engrailed between two fleurs-de-lys, all within a bordure sable, is to be converted to a badge upon registration of this submission. Je me souviens means 'I will remember'.

Commenters had some concerns regarding presumption, conflict, and trademark issues: "Je me souviens" is the motto of the Province of Quebec, and it is used frequently in tourist promotions and public monuments (not to mention license plates, as I recall). I am very decidedly Not A Lawyer, so I respectfully decline to delve any further into this question.

6 Buyan Delger (m) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Or, a Chinese dragon in annulo contourny sable surrounding a sun gules.

If his name must be changed, he cares most about Mongol language or culture. Documentation and Construction of Period Mongolian Names by Baras-aghur Naran (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/names/mongol.html) lists Delger 'abundance' under Common Name Elements from Other Sources. It also says that one model of name construction is "names made of two identifiable words." While Buyan 'merit, virtue' isn't found in the article, it seems to fit the pattern of listed name parts, such as words meaning 'wisdom', 'good luck', 'dignity or holiness', and 'long life'. The submitter also provides an email from Ellen McGill at Harvard, stating that Buyandelger is a standard Mongolian name; and copies from Ferdinand Lessing, Mongolian-English Dictionary, showing bujan 'moral, merit, virtue' p.132 and delger 'extensive, vast' p.249.

This arrangement of charges is similar to "an X within a laurel wreath" commonly found in the arms of Society branches. In these arrangements, the X is usually interpreted as the primary charge, with the laurel wreath a secondary charge, despite its (necessarily) larger size. If this interpretation is applied here, then this device conflicts with both Elizabeth Amy Godwin (July 1990 via Caid), Or, a compass star gules and a gore sinister sable, and Etienne d'Argent (Aug. 1985 via the West), Or, a mullet of twelve points pierced gules, a chief triangular sable: in each case, there is a single CD for the change in type of secondary charge. However, it is apparent from the submitted blazon that this was meant to be a primary dragon surrounding a secondary sun, and given their relative sizes, I am reluctant to see the dragon as anything less than co-primary with the sun. In this interpretation, the cited conflicts do not apply. Commenters recommended the more standard blazon Or, a sun gules within a Chinese dragon in annulo contourny sable; I have followed this as far as replacing "sinister" with "contourny", but I left the dragon first to indicate its relative importance in the design.

7 Christine McDavid (f) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Sable, on a chevron argent three trefoils vert, in base a heart argent.

Withycombe dates 'Cristina' to 1273 and 1346, s.n. Christina. 'Christine' is listed as an alternative header form. The submitting herald states that "the final a/e substitution is not uncommon in English female names." McDevitt is an Anglicization of 'mac Dáibhidh' or 'mac Daibhéid'. Woulfe (p. 348 s.nn. Mac Dhaibhéid, Mac Dáibhidh) gives M'Daveyd and M'David as period forms (dated to temp. Eliz. I - James I), with McDevitt and McDavitt coming later.

Talan Gwynek's "Feminine Given Names in A Dictionary of English Surnames (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/reaneyintro.html) dates Cristine to 1277-78, 1305, and 1312, and Christina to 1283, 1297, 1311, 1335, and 1367. "Early 16th Century Scottish Lowland Names" by Sharon L. Krossa (http://www.medievalscotland.org/scotnames/lowland16/index.shtml) dates Christian 1543, Cristane 1540, Cristen 1534, 1548, Cristene 1543, 1548, 1549, Crystane 1540, and Kristene 1532. Given these spelling variations, the submitted Christine seems plausible.

Black p. 485 s.n. MacDavid dates the header spelling to 1562. The originally submitted McDevitt, as noted in the documentation, is mentioned in Woulfe as a post-period Anglicized form; the surname has therefore been changed to the more plausibly period McDavid.

The device is clear of Johanna Ljubljana (Jan. 1993 via the West), Sable, on a chevron throughout argent three mullets of four points vert, in base a plate: there is one CD for change in type of secondary charge, and another for change in type of tertiary charges (by X.4.j.ii.). The trefoils are in their standard orientation, so the phrase "to base" has been dropped from the blazon.

8 Diarmait Ó Meachair (m) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Per fess azure and vert, a cat passant between three triangles Or.

If his name must be changed, he cares most about sound; the specifics line says "O Meachair sounds like 'O-marr'." Diarmait is an Irish masculine name found in OCM, very popular in medieval Ireland 6th century on. Ó Meachair is the header form in Woulfe. Two English variants (O'Magher and O'Maher) are dated to pre-1600.

Mari's "Index of Names in Irish Annals" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/mari/AnnalsIndex/Masculine/Diarmait.shtml) has Diarmait as the Old or Middle Irish (pre-1200) spelling of a name spelled Diarmaid in the Early Modern Irish (post-1200) period. It appears 30 times in the annals, with dates ranging from 615 to 1585, with no big gaps along the way. It is also found (in its earlier spelling, naturally) in Tangwystyl's "100 Most Popular Men's Names in Early Medieval Ireland" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/irish100.html).

Ceneoil Meachair occurs as a placename in the Annals of the Four Masters, with a date of 1012 (M1012.8: http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/T100005B/index.html). This of course doesn't mean that this spelling is appropriate to this date. I don't know what the correct pre-1200 form of this name is: I believe Woulfe's headers use post-1200 spelling conventions. Mixing pre- and post-1200 Gaelic orthographies is considered a step from period practice, but registerable (Tigernach Ó Catháin, 11/01 A-Caid), so I've made no changes.

9 Dugan Makgowin of Aydel (m) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Per pale vert and argent, a chief counterchanged.

No major changes. If his name must be changed, he cares most about an unspecified language and/or culture. The authenticity request line says "Dugan Macgowan of Edzell", but none of the boxes are checked, and the Pennsic worksheet makes no mention of an authenticity request. Dugan is dated to 1413 as a surname in Black (s.n. Dugan), derived from Dubhagán. OCM say it is a southern Irish given name. McGowan is a header from in Black; it is dated as Makgowin to 1526, and McGown in 1592. There is also a discussion of a clan M'Gowan in the reign of David II. Aydel is dated to 1250 in Johnston s.n. Edzell.

Woulfe p. 508 s.n. O Duacháin has the Elizabethan/Jacobean Anglicized spelling O Doughane, and s.n. O Dubhagáin there's O Doogaine and O Dowgaine, along with the modern forms Dugan and Duggan. Tangwystyl's "Manx Names in the Early 16th Century" (http://www.medievalscotland.org/manxnames/jonesmanx16.shtml) has an instance of MacDugan, and OCM gives Duggan as the English form of Dubacán, so Dugan seems plausible as a Scots form of this Gaelic given name.

Commenters unanimously approved of this device; adjectives used included "nice" and "righteous." It should be clear of both Malta (Dec. 1994 via Laurel), Per pale argent and gules and Ædric the Grene (Jan. 1998 via Atlantia), Per pale sable and vert. In each case, there is one CD for changes to the field tincture and another for adding the chief.

10 Dugan Makgowin of Aydel - New Household Name returned & New Household Badge forwarded
Submitted Name: Maison du Rieur Sanglier

Gules, a chevron abased and in chief a boar passant contourny argent.

No changes. Maison du - Dauzat Nouveau Dictionnaire Etymologique et Historique p. 437 maison 'house'. Rieur - ibid. p. 652 rire - rieur 'laughing'. Sanglier - ibid. p. 668 sanglier 'boar'. The submitter wants this specific order of name elements to emphasize the laughing of the boar.

The July 2006 LoAR (Sabina de Lyons, R-Æthelmearc, Household name House Laughing Fox) has a relevant discussion:

This name does not match patterns found in period inn sign names. The submitter cited the example of the registered name Inn of the Weeping Unicorn as an argument for the pattern [action] + [animal] as a registerable pattern. However, this argument fails to note that the actions found in such inn sign names are those that have an unmistakable visual depiction. We are unable to find a unique depiction of a fox where it would be unmistakable that it was laughing, as compared to barking or howling. Barring an example from period of such a depiction (for example, if a laughing fox was a standard emblem in popular emblem books of the time), this name is not registerable.

I'm afraid that this household name is even more problematic than the one returned above: it's in French, and commenters found no evidence for inn sign based names in French. It also uses a non-standard word order, putting the adjective before the noun. A native speaker of French assures me that this is a rare but acceptable method of adding emphasis, but I can just see the commentary from the College of Arms, asking for proof that it was done in period. This household name is therefore returned for lack of documentation that it follows period naming practices.

11 Dúnchad Bjarnarson (m) - New Name forwarded & New Device returned

Per fess dancetty sable and vert, a dance between three mullets and a bear statant contourny argent.

No major changes. If his name must be changed, he cares most about the sound of the given name. Dúnchad - OCM p. 80 s.n. Dúnchad dates this spelling to 973 in Ireland. Bjarnarson - Geirr Bassi p. 8 s.n. Bjorn cites this name 42 times. The proper patronymic construction per p. 18 is Bjarnarson. There's a sticky note attached, noting a possible conflict with Guernen Cimarquid (Nov. 1996 West) Azure, a dance enhanced between in chief three mullets of seven points and in base an owl contourny argent.

Combinations of Old Norse and Gaelic are a step from period practice, but registerable (Cera ingen Leoid, 03/00 A-Meridies). Dunchad (without the diacritic) also appears in Tangwystyl's "100 Most Popular Men's Names in Early Medieval Ireland" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/irish100.html).

Unfortunately, this device conflicts with Guernen Cimarquid (Nov. 1996 via the West), Azure, a dance enhanced between in chief three mullets of seven points and in base an owl contourny argent: there is one CD for changes to the field tincture, but none for the change between mullets of seven points and mullets of five points, none for changing the type of just one out of four charges, and per precedent, nothing for the (non-)enhancement of the dance (Áine uí Ghríobha, 01/02 R-Atenveldt).

12 Éadaoin inghean Eoghain (f) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Azure, a phoenix Or and a chief ermine.

No major changes. If her name must be changed, she cares most about Scottish/Irish language/culture. Éadaoin - OCM p. 90 s.n. Étaín says "Étain is the heroine of a fine Old Irish tale." Also Mari Elspeth nic Bryan's Index of Names in Irish Annals (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/mari/AnnalsIndex/feminine/Etain.shtml) dates this name between 1104 and 1476. 'inghean' is Gaelic for 'daughter of'. Eoghain - OCM p. 87 s.n. Eóan say "Eógan is one of the twenty most popular names in early Ireland."

A better example to quote from OCM s.n. Étaín is the presumably non-fictional Étain daughter of Fínghin Mór Mac Carthaigh, from the 13th century. Use of the post-1200 spelling for the patronymic is supported by Mari's "Index of Names in Irish Annals" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/mari/AnnalsIndex/Masculine/Eogan.shtml), which has multiple 15th and 16th century examples of Eoghan. The correct header in OCM is Eógan, not Eóan.

This device is clear of Juliana of Frisia (May 2004 via the Middle), Azure, a phoenix Or, on a chief argent three hearts gules, with one CD for the tincture of the chief, and another for the removal of the tertiary hearts from the chief. It is also clear of Tatiana Ivanovna (Dec. 1980 via the Middle), Azure, a Russian firebird displayed Or, crested and its six tail-feathers each charged with a heart gules: there's one CD for adding the chief, and another for removing the tertiary hearts from the tail-feathers.

13 Eibhlín inghean uí Choileáin - New Device Change forwarded

Purpure, on a pale bretessed between two dogs combattant, each maintaining a shamrock argent, a book gules.

Her name was registered in August 2002 via the East. Her previous device, "Argent, two arrows in saltire surmounted by a needle gules, flaunches purpure" was registered in February 2005 via the East, and is to be released if this device is registered.

The embattling (bretessing) could stand to be deeper -- the teeth should be closer to squares than to rectangles -- but I think this emblazon is registerable.

14 Eiríkr á Vestrgautlandi (m) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Gules, a rooster close Or between two pallets azure fimbriated argent all between three bezants.

No major changes. If his name must be changed, he cares most about Old Norse language/culture. Eiríkr: Aryanhwy merch Catmael's Viking Names Found in Landnámabók (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/norse/landnamabok.html) under Masculine Names says Eiríkr occurs 12 times. <á>: 'in' or 'of' generalized from list in Lindorm Eriksson The Bynames of the Viking Age Runic Inscriptions (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/lindorm/runicbynames/), the 'Names of Places' table. Vestrgautlandi: Zoëga, A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic p.161 s.n. Gautland says this is the name of the "land of the Gautar", i.e., it's the old form of Gotland. Ibid p. 486 has compounds in vest- and vestr-, e.g. Vestr-lönd, 'the British Isles, the Occident'. '-i' as a genitive ending is generalized from Lindorm Eriksson, op.cit.

The same information about Eiríkr can also be found on p. 9 of Geirr Bassi.

My decision on this device changed at least five times, back and forth: each time I tried to write up one side of the argument, the other side suddenly became more convincing. I'm taking this as a sign that I need to send it up for wiser heads to figure out. According to RfS VIII.3., "Voiding and fimbriation may only be used with simple geometric charges placed in the center of the design." Technically, the pallets here are not in the center of the design: the rooster is. This strict application of the rule may be counter to its original intent, however. RfS VIII.3. is titled "Armorial Identifiability," and the fimbriation here doesn't interfere with the identification of any part of the design. (Gone at from a different angle, pales are by definition central ordinaries; by extension, then, these diminutive pales are also central, and the fact that there's a more-central rooster between them is incidental.)

15 Eric the Horseman (m) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Barry vert and argent, a horse's head couped Or and a bordure sable.

No major changes. Eric - from 1016, Earl of North, Onomasticon Anglo-Saxonicum, Searle, William George, 1897 pub., p. 234. Horseman - after Agnes le Horseman (1273), A Dictionary of English and Welsh Surnames, Bardsley, Charles Wareing, 1996 ed., p. 399.

A mixture of Old and Middle English is considered one step from period practice, but registerable (Saxsa Corduan, 10/01 A-Meridies).

16 Franz von Heilbronn - Resub Device forwarded

Sable, a polar bear argent and a lynx combattant between three annulets engrailed of eight points Or.

His name was registered in November 2003 via the East. His previous device submission, Sable, a mountain cat's head couped and in chief an annulet indented counter-indented between two garbs Or, was returned from the Dec. 2005 ILoI for conflict with Alphia Biraz-pars (May 1986 Middle), Sable, a natural leopard's head couped Or marked sable. This is a rather thorough redesign.

17 Geneviève Bertholet (f) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Per pale purpure and vert, a compass star and a chief engrailed argent.

No major changes. If her name must be changed, she cares most about the spelling. Geneviève: Dauzat Noms de famille et prénoms p. 286. Given name from Saint Genovefa, patron saint of Paris. La taille de Paris pour l'an 1292 (The Census of Paris from 1292) p. 39 has a count of 16 occurrences of Geneviève for the book. [No photocopies provided.] Bertholet: Dauzat (op. cit.) p. 40 has Bertholet, undated. Flutre p.29 s.n. Bertolet has the variant Bertholet. [No copies provided.]

Colm Dubh's "An Index to the Given Names in the 1292 Census of Paris" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/paris.html) lists a Geneviève la Flamenge.

18 Ghislaine Isabella de Lessines (f) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Argent, on a bend between two mullets purpure, a fleur-de-lys palewise Or.

No changes. Ghislaine: Dauzat Noms de famille et prenoms p. 294 s.n. Gisele. The listed forms are without the final 'e', which the submitter believes is the masculine form. She wishes to have the feminine form with the final 'e'. Isabella: Withycombe, p. 164, header. This is the Spanish form of Elizabeth. Since the Spanish controlled Belgium in the 14th C, the submitter wishes this form over the French Isabelle or Isabeau. Lessines is a village in Belgium between Brussels and the border of France. A major hospital was commissioned there in the 13th C.

I wrote the following editorial comment on the ILoI:

Photocopies are attached from what appears to be a book, titled Hôpital Notre-Dame à la Rose, containing a whole lot of French text, and a picture of a medieval charter (written in a highly ornate and unreadable hand). No publication information is given for this book, and no page numbers are discernible. Besides the title, the first photocopy says: "Par Elise Bocquet, Raphaël Debruyn, Graziella Deleuze, André Viatour, Marc Vuidar," and a little further down, "Sous la direction de Raphaël Debruyn." The picture caption says "Jean d'Audenarde donne à l'Hôpital des terres situées à Langquesaint et Isières, 1249, Archives de l'Hôpital Notre-Dame à la Rose." There's another picture with a closeup of either the same charter, or one written in a similar hand; the caption for it says "Charte de l'évêque de cambrai, Guy de Laon, 1247. A remarquer la mention du nom de la fondatrice, Alix, Archives de l'Hôpital Notre-Dame à la Rose."

Commenters didn't offer the hoped-for translations, but they did turn up a Notre Dame à la Rose website (http://www.notredamealarose.com/start.php?lang=UK). The "Documentation" page of this site lists a bunch of brochures and books available for purchase; the photocopies discussed above may be from one of these.

19 Gideon ha-Khazar - New Device forwarded

Argent, on a bend between two menorahs azure a bottlenosed dolphin naiant argent.

His name was registered in April 2002 via the East.

20 Guy Lourance (m) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Per pale azure and gules, a winged domestic cat sejant affronty wings displayed and inverted between three quill pens palewise argent.

If his name must be changed, he cares most about the sound. Guy: Withycombe s.n. Guy says "...The French forms of the name were Guy and Guyon... It was in common use from the Norman Conquest until the 17th Century, when Guy Fawkes drove it out of use for some 200 years." It is also the submitter's mundane given name. Lourance: R&W under Laurence has William Lourance, Lucus Lowrance 1374, 1481.

Bardsley p. 344 s.n. Guy lists a Guy de Bois, with an 'H' afterward (which apparently indicates the Rolls of Parliament), but no date. He also dates it as a surname to 1597.

21 Irene Lenoir - New Badge forwarded

(Fieldless) An olive branch bendwise sinister fructed vert.

Her name and device (Per fess indented argent and sable, issuant from the line of division, a demi-dragon gules) were registered in April 1990 via the East.

This is probably a visual call against Ioseph the Chameleon (Feb. 1985 via Meridies), Argent, a three-horned chameleon statant to sinister vert on a branch bendwise sinister throughout proper: there's a CD for fieldlessness, but it's unclear from this blazon whether there's another CD for the chameleon or not. It should be clear of Armando Ramos el Caido (Jul. 1996 via Atenveldt), (Fieldless) A branch blasted bendwise sinister proper: even if the lack of leaves isn't counted, there should be a CD for tincture and another from the fieldless bribe.

22 Isabel de Roys (f) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Per bend purpure and vert, on a bend argent three thistles vert blossomed purpure.

No major changes. If her name must be changed, she cares most about Scottish Gaelic language/culture. She requests authenticity for 14th century Scottish Gaelic. Isabel is dated to 1296 in Talan Gwynek's A List of Feminine Personal Names Found in Scottish Records (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/talan/scottishfem/). Black's Surnames of Scotland p. 380 also has Isabelson. de Roys: Black (op. cit.) dates 'Muriel de Roys' to 1333 on p. 699 s.n. Rose.

Talan's cited article actually dates Isabel to ca. 1350, and Isabele to 1296. This is an excellent 14th c. Scots name, but no part of it is Scottish Gaelic. Since she doesn't allow major changes, the name cannot be made authentic: changing an element's language is a major change.

The Glossary of Terms says that a thistle proper can have either a purple or a red flower, so the blazon has been clarified from ...three thistles proper.

23 Joachim Liehtenauwer (m) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Per saltire sable and gules, four Maltese crosses within a bordure argent.

He will not allow the creation of a holding name. Joachim is dated to 1346 under that header in Withycombe p. 176. Bahlow Unsere Vornamen also lists Joachim p. 55, but gives no dates. Liehtenauwer: Brechenmacher p. 183 s.n. Licht(e)nau(er) dates 'John dictus Liehtenauwer' to 1337.

The spelling Joachim is dated to 1508 in Aryanhwy's "Low German Names from Hamburg, 1475-1529" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/german/hamburg.html). Other spellings in this article are Jachym 1493, Jochim 1492, 1525, and Jochymme 1480, 1481. Also, Brechenmacher vol. 1 p. 775 s.n. Joachim has Jac. dictus J. 1359; as far as we can tell, the 'J.' stands for the header spelling, i.e. this person was "called Joachim." The ILoI has a slight typo: Brechenmacher s.n. Lichtenauer has Joh. (short for Johannes), not John.

24 John Lyttleton - Resub Badge forwarded

(Fieldless) A horse's head couped argent charged with a musical note vert.

His name and device (Per bend rayonny vert and argent, two horse's heads couped counterchanged) were registered in February 1992 via the East. His previous badge submission, (Fieldless) A horse's head couped argent, was returned on the East's October 2002 LoR for conflict with Joseph Angus of Wilson (Sep 2001 Calontir), Per chevron lozengy sable and argent and sable, a chess knight argent. This submission adds a tertiary charge to clear that conflict.

The following precedent is relevant:

The musical note drawn here is a lozenge with a vertical stem rising from the sinister end. While this is the standard SCA form in the Pictorial Dictionary, further research has not been able to show this form of musical note as a period musical note. It continues to be registerable, but submitters should be advised that the standard form of such a note would have the stem rising from the top point of the lozenge (Alicia of Granite Mountain, 01/02 A-Atenveldt).

This badge is clear of Reginleif the Unruly (Nov. 1987 via An Tir), Sable, on a horse's head couped argent, a flame sable, with one CD for the field and one for changing the type and tincture of the tertiary charge.

25 Joscelin Tarr - Resub Device forwarded

Argent, between two bars wavy azure an anchor and in chief a goutte sable.

Her name was forwarded to Laurel on the East's April 2006 XLoI. Her previous device submission, Argent, an anchor and in chief a goutte sable between a chief barry wavy argent and azure and a ford, was returned on the East's January 2006 LoD (issued March 12) for lack of identifiability of the goutte. This redesign fixes that problem by moving the goutte and making it bigger.

26 Kennimaðr Geirsson (m) - New Name Change returned & New Device Change forwarded
Current name: Njal Virtanen

Per saltire sable and argent, two Thor's hammers inverted and two spears counterchanged.

No major changes. His current name and device (Per saltire sable and argent, four hammers counterchanged) were registered in October 1994 via the East. Upon registration of this submission, his old name is to be released, and his old device is to be retained as a badge. Kennimaðr: Geirr-Bassi p. 24 lists this as a byname meaning "teacher". Geirsson: Geirr is listed as a given name on p. 10, and the rules on p. 17 give the patronymic construction Geirsson.

This name lacks a given name: both Kennimaðr and Geirsson are bynames. This violates RfS III.2.a.: "A personal name must contain a given name and at least one byname." Something like Njall kennimaðr Geirsson would be a reasonable Norse name; Njáll is found in Geirr Bassi as a masculine name on p. 13. However, adding an element is a major change, which he will not allow, so this must be returned.

27 Leifr rella (m) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Per pale invected sable and azure, two sinister footprints and a beaver rampant argent.

No major changes. If his name must be changed, he cares most about Viking-Danelaw culture and the meaning 'Leifr the grumbler'. Leifr is a masculine given name on p.13 of Geirr Bassi. 'rella' is a nickname glossed as 'grumble, gripe' on p. 26 of Geirr Bassi.

The use of footprints as a heraldic charge is considered a step from period practice, but registerable (Constance Wilkicke, 12/05 A-Calontir).

28 Letta Donati (f) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Per fess azure and argent, three bells counterchanged.

Letta - Rhian Lyth, Italian Personal Names (KWHS Proceedings 1990) dates this to 1383. The name is also found in the Catasto of 1427. Donati - Ferrante la Volpe, Family Names Appearing in the Catasto of 1427 (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/ferrante/catasto/family-names.html) lists 18 occurrences of this family name (an archaic? genitive of 'Donato').

The correct URL for the list of "Family names appearing in the Catasto of 1427" is http://www.stg.brown.edu/projects/catasto/newsearch/family_names.html; Ferrante's article (at http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/ferrante/catasto/) only covers masculine names and patronymics. In Italian, 'Donati' is the nominative plural of 'Donato'; this method of forming a family name using a plural is quite common. (Coincidentally, 'Donati' is also the standard Latin genitive form of 'Donatus'.)

29 Lorccán Ó Donnubáin - Resub Device forwarded

Or billety azure, a wolf's head cabossed per pale vert and sable.

His name was forwarded to Laurel on the East's April 2006 XLoI. His previous device submission, Or, a fox's mask per pale vert and sable, was returned on the East's January 2006 LoD (issued March 12) for conflict with Emily of Swordcliff (Aug 2004 Midrealm), (Fieldless) A wolf's head cabossed per pale vert and sable. This submission adds the strewn charges to clear that conflict.

30 Magdalena d'Arzenta - Resub Device forwarded

Gules, a decrescent, an increscent, and a spider argent.

Her name was forwarded to Laurel on the East's April 2006 XLoI. Her previous device submission, Gules, three spiders argent, was returned on the East's January 2006 LoD (issued March 12) for conflict with Sabina le Sewester (Aug 2003 West), Party of six gules and argent, three spiders inverted argent. This submission changes two of the three primary charges to clear that conflict.

This device is clear of both Sara Boone (Oct. 2003 via Atenveldt), Gules, an increscent a decrescent and an owl argent and Gro Torstensdotter (Jun. 2004 via Drachenwald), Gules, three crescents argent. In each case, there is one CD for changing the type of half of the primary charge group (since the bottom charge of a two-and-one arrangement counts as half of the group), and another CD for changing the arrangement or orientation of the other half of the group.

31 Magdalena von Regensburg - New Device forwarded

Quarterly vert and argent, two hinds trippant argent.

Her name was forwarded to Laurel on the East's August 2006 XLoI.

32 Marcellus Corionus (m) - Resub Name forwarded & Resub Device forwarded

Gules, on a bend between two lightning bolts bendwise Or three garbs gules.

His previous name submission, Marcus Marcellus Corionus, was returned on the East's October 2003 LoD (issued 12-28-03), because 'Marcellus' could not be documented as a nomen. His previous device submission, Gules, a bend between two lightning bolts bendwise sinister Or, was also returned at that time, for conflict with Gabriella di Ravenna (Oct 95 West), Gules, a bend between two decrescents Or. This submission adds tertiaries to clear that conflict. The submitter makes no request for authenticity, but the Pennsic worksheet notes in big letters that he desires a Romano-British name. Marcellus: personal name dated to 506-614 on p.74 of Morlet's Les noms de personne sur le territoire de l'ancienne Gaule du VI.e au XII.e siecle. Corionus: proposed locative cognomen based on Corinium, found in "The Place-names of Roman Britain" by Rivet & Smith s.n. Corinium Dubunnorum. No photocopies were provided of this source. There is, however, a page printed from Wikipedia, asserting that Corinium Dobunnorum was founded as a Roman fort ca. 49 AD; and multiple pages from an article "Cirencester - Corinium Dobunnorum" by Alan McWhirr, http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/catalogue/adsdata/cbaresrep/pdf/693/09306001.pdf, which appears to address the archeology of the modern British town. The consulting herald believes 'Corionus' is the correct form of locative. The submitter will accept 'Marcellus of Corinium' if necessary for registration.

The byname seems to me to be missing a syllable, but this is well beyond my two night school courses' worth of Latin, so I've made no changes.

The word 'bendwise' has been added to the blazon.

33 Nazarius Orlandi (m) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Per bend gules and vert, a dragonfly and a hammer argent.

He allows no changes to the given name; changes are allowed to make the patronymic correct. Both names are found in Masculine Names from Thirteenth Century Pisa by Juliana de Luna, in the 'Men's Names in Alphabetical Order' section ( http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/pisa/pisa.html ). Nazarius appears three times, while Orlandus appears 23 times. The consulting herald states that 'Orlandi' is the standard patronymic form of Orlandus.

'Orlandi' is the Latin genitive (possessive) form of 'Orlandus', and putting the father's name in the genitive case is indeed one of the ways of writing a patronymic in Latin. (The other way is to indicate the exact nature of the relationship by adding the word filius 'son' or filia 'daughter' along with the father's name in the genitive case.) The names in Juliana's cited article are all Latinized, so a Latin patronymic is the correct thing to use.

34 Nello da Venezia (m) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Per pale sable and gules, a raven displayed argent and in chief two open books Or.

No major changes. If his name must be changed, he cares most about the sound. Nello - De Felice Cognomi p. 177 s.n. Nelli suggests Nello was in use in medieval times. Also found in Ferrante la Volpe's Italian Names from Florance, 1427 (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/ferrante/catasto). da Venezia 'of Venice' - Arval Benicoeur's Fourteenth Century Venetian Personal Names (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/arval/venice14/) shows 'da' as proper in locatives. DeFelice p. 259 gives Venezia as the Italian spelling of Venice.

Ferrante's cited article has seven instances of Nello as a given name, and two as a patronymic. The Online Tratte of Office Holders has one instance of Venezia as a place of origin (http://www.stg.brown.edu/projects/tratte/doc/ORIGIN.html).

The use of any bird other than an eagle in the displayed posture is considered one step from period practice, but registerable (01/00 and 11/03 Cover Letters).

35 Ragnveig Snorradóttir (f) - New Name Change forwarded & New Device Change forwarded
Current name: Gilian la Rousse

Argent, a stag lodged gules and a bordure gules bezanty.

No major changes. Her current name and device (Per pale nebuly argent and vert, six martlets contourny two two and two counterchanged) were registered in March 2002 via Æthelmearc. Both are to be released upon registration of this submission. If her name must be changed, she cares most about Old Norse language/culture. Ragnveig is from Nordiskt runnamslexikon (http://www.sofi.se/servlet/GetDoc?meta_id=1472), woman's name from runestone N213 transcribed as 'ranuauk' and identified as Ragnvæig/Rannvæig. Submitted form also found on p. 844 of Lind. Snorradóttir: Snorri is on p. 14 of Geirr Bassi. Patronymic byname formed according to rules outlined on p. 17.

This device is clear of Tarlach o' the Wode (Sep. 2000 via the West), Argent, a stag lodged guardant and a chief gules, with one CD for the type of peripheral charge and another for adding the tertiary bezants.

36 Rhiannon of Carreg Cennen (f) - New Change of Holding Name forwarded & New Badge forwarded
Current name: Bev of Settmour Swamp

(Fieldless) A unicorn's horn Or.

No major changes. This identical name was returned on the October 1992 LoAR (R-East) because 'de Licorne' was deemed ungrammatical unless 'Licorne' could be documented as a place name, and because there is precedent against combining 'Rhiannon' with other allusions to horses or unicorns. Her device, Gules, a unicorn's horn throughout between two dolphins urinant respectant Or was registered under the holding name Bev of Settmour Swamp (Oct 92 A-East). If her name must be changed, she cares most about the meaning (French for 'unicorn'). She will allow dropping 'de Licorne' if necessary for registration. No documentation is provided for 'Rhiannon'. de Licorne: the worksheet says "Licorne (1388) pg 422 Nouveau Dictionnaire Étymologique," with no further bibliographic information nor photocopies. Animal names as French bynames can be documented from the 1292 Census of Paris: p. 97 col. 1 'Jehan Chat-Blanc', p. 104 col. 2 'Nicolas Papillon', p. 107 col. 1 'Pierre le Rat', p. 108 col. 1 'Fremin de l'Egle'. Carreg Cennen is a Welsh castle dating at least to the 13th century (possibly much earlier), and demolished in 1462 after the Wars of the Roses, according to http://www.castlewales.com/carreg.html.

Submitted as Rhiannon de Licorne of Carreg Cennen, commenters could once again find no justification for de Licorne. In German or English, "of [animal]" might be plausible as a byname based on a house- or inn-name, but French doesn't appear to use this type of construction. The cited examples of French animal names may support de la licorne (or better yet la licorne), but not de Licorne. Also, the combination of Welsh and French plus the SCA-compatible given name (Rhiannon Ross, 10/05 A-Calontir) may be too many steps from period practice. There has not been a ruling specifically on Welsh/French mixes, but Anglicized Irish/French and Gaelic/French are both "weirdnesses" (Jenievre McDermot, 06/06 A-East and Maura MacPharlain, 02/00 R-Atlantia). I have therefore dropped this problematic element from her name.

"Wales at the Time of the Treaty of Montgomery in 1267" by John Garnons Williams (http://www.gwp.enta.net/walhist.html) discusses the author's project of constructing a map of 13th century Wales. Under "Names Appearing on the Map", the subheading says: "The format of this list is as follows: [a] modern name [in English and Welsh]; [b] modern county; [c] place-name on the map [where possible in English and Welsh]; [d] date of the record used [e] earliest record of the name [f] earliest record of the Welsh name [g] meaning of the name [h] Welsh meaning of the name (if different from [g])." The entry of interest reads: "CARREG CENNEN (Dyf) Carreg Cennen (see footnote). Meaning: from WELSH carreg 'rock' and, probably, cynnen. There was a castle here long before the present one of c. 1300." The referenced footnote reads:

Footnote: wherever possible the spellings of the place-names shown on this map are near-contemporary to 1267. If there is an earlier record of the name, it is also shown in this list. There are many places, however, which are known by other evidence to have existed in the 13th century, but for which no early written records survive. Similarly, some records only survive in the Latin form. In both these cases the place-name shown on the map is consistent with 13th and 14th century spellings.

Thus it appears that this author believes Carreg Cennen to be compatible with 13th or 14th century Welsh spelling, so Rhiannon of Carreg Cennen should be registerable.

There's still the matter of long-standing precedent banning the combination of Rhiannon with references to horses or unicorns. The notion that such combinations are overly evocative of the Welsh horse goddess was affirmed for example in Nov. 1993 (Rhiannon Wild Heart, R-Outlands). However, several Rhiannon plus horse/unicorn combinations have been registered in recent years, without comment: Rhiannon of Berra (Apr. 1999 via Atlantia), Azure, a bend sinister between a unicorn couchant reguardant contourny and another couchant reguardant argent; Myfanwy ferch Rhiannon (Nov. 2001 via Æthelmearc), Purpure, three unicorns couchant in pale argent and (Fieldless) A unicorn couchant vairy pean and Or; Rhiannon of Crystal Mynes (Jan. 2003 via Calontir), Argent, on a bend sinister vert between two horse's heads couped contourny gules an arrow inverted Or and (Fieldless) A bow bendwise string to chief Or overall a horse's head couped vert; and Rhiannon of Berra (May 2002 via Atlantia), (Fieldless) A unicorn couchant contourny per pale azure and argent. I'm therefore forwarding this badge with this name and asking for clarification of the current thinking on such combinations.

This badge is clear of Gwendolyn Fitzalan (Apr. 1995 via An Tir), (Fieldless) A unicorn's horn erased palewise argent, with one CD for fieldlessness and one for the tincture of the horn. It is also clear of Emelye Rede (Aug. 2002 via Calontir), Azure, a unicorn horn issuant from base and a bordure Or and Brandwyn Alston of the Rift (Jan. 1993 via Atlantia), Azure, a unicorn's horn Or between flaunches nebuly argent; in each case, there's one CD for the field and another for the peripherals.

37 Sabina Makcaill (f) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Per chevron argent and purpure, a fleur-de-lys argent and in chief three keys reversed sable.

No major changes. If her name must be changed, she cares most about the sound 'MacKyle'. She will accept all changes to get the sound as close to MacKyle as possible. Withycombe dates Sabina under that header to 1199-1215 and 1303. Black Surnames of Scotland s.n. Mackail dates a 'Findlay Makcaill' to 1506.

Reblazoned from Per chevron enhanced argent and purpure, in chief three keys fesswise reversed sable and a fleur-de-lys argent.

38 Samuel Lewis of Fenton (m) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Per fess azure and vert, three arrows inverted Or.

He requests authenticity for 16th century England, but asks that 'of Fenton' not be dropped (the spelling may change). Withycombe p. 263 s.n. Samuel says that the name occurs as early as 1273. RW p.278 s.n. Lewis dates the name to 1413. The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Placenames p. 178 dates Fenton to 1252 under that heading.

(The ILoI should've noted the author for that last source: it's Ekwall.) Additional documentation: Bardsley p. 480 s.n. Lewis has William Lewys 1521.

This device is clear of Ian Griffen the Archer (Apr. 1999 via Atenveldt), (Fieldless) A sheaf of three arrows inverted Or, fletched vert, with one CD for the field and another for arrangement.

39 Seamus mag Uidhir (m) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Per bend vert and Or, a harp Or and a stag's attire sable.

No major changes. If his name must be changed, he cares most about the sound. He requests authenticity for 12th century Irish language/culture. Seamus: OCM p.163 say this name was used in the 13th and 14th centuries. Maguidhir: Woulfe Irish Names and Surnames p.427 says this name is mentioned in 956.

Submitted as Maguidhir, Woulfe actually has the expected spelling mag Uidhir. The capitalization and spacing has been fixed accordingly. Use of this post-1200 spelling is supported by Woulfe's statement that "towards the end of the 13th century, the Maguires became chiefs of Fermanagh."

This device is clear of Caryl Olesdatter (Jul. 1992 via the West), Per bend vert and Or, two lyres counterchanged, with one CD for changing the type and another for changing the tincture of half the primary charge group.

40 Sigismund Greussen (m) - New Name Change forwarded & New Device forwarded
Current name: Henri Maisiere

Gules, a bear rampant ermine.

His current name was registered in June 1995 via the East, and is to be released upon registration of this submission. If his name must be changed, he cares most about German language/culture. Sigismund: Bahlow Deutsches Namenlexicon says that this is a derivative of Siegmund (under that heading, p. 484) and dates a 'Sigismund Atze' to 1451. Greussen: Brechenmacher, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der Deutschen Familiennamen p. 590 dates a 'George Greussen' to 1493.

The ILoI has a slight typo: Brechenmacher actually has Georg  Greussen dated to 1493.

41 Sorcha Ruadh - New Device Change forwarded

Per bend sinister engrailed argent and vert, a phoenix gules, head to sinister, and a natural dolphin Or.

Her name and previous device, Per bend sinister engrailed sable and vert, a decrescent argent and a natural dolphin naiant Or, were registered in January 2003 via the East. Her old device is to be released upon registration of the new one.

42 Talan Hackewrist (m) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Per pale gules and sable, a demi-bat displayed head to sinister, on a chief argent three mullets of six points sable.

If his name must be changed, he cares most about the meaning 'one known for sword-cuts on the wrist'. Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn's Cornish (and Other) Personal Names from the 10th Century Bodmin Manumissions (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/Bodmin/celtic.html) has 'Talan' as a probably masculine given name, listed in the Llandav charter as a clerical witness and in the Redon charter as a lay witness. The article also has 'Telent', again as probably masculine, with three examples in Redon. 'Talan' also appears in CA #66 as a male given name. 'Wristbite' is constructed as an epithet for someone notorious for hitting people on the wrist during practice. Clark Hall & Meritt, Anglo-Saxon Dictionary has wrist 'wrist' p.422 and bite 'bite, sting, sword-cut' p.50. Jönsjö pp.32-34 shows almost as many compounds of the form 'noun+noun' (226) as of 'verb+noun' (241). So we may be able to conjecture 'wristbite' as a noun+noun compound nickname from two Old English roots that passed into Middle English, meaning "(one who is noted for) sword-cuts on the wrist." Alternatively, RW p.278 sn Lickbeard lists Hugh Likkeberd 1238, John Lickberd 1674 'lick beard', Geoffrey Lickefinger 1206 'lick finger'; p. 210 sn Hackbon lists Ralph Hackebon 1277 'hack bone', p. 62 sn Breakleg lists Adam Brekeleg 1243 'break leg'.

Submitted as Talan Wristbite; commenters were unconvinced that "wristbite" is a plausible constructed byname.

One problem is that neither "wrist" nor "bite" appear to have been used in names. Based on other bynames describing blows to body parts, "wrist" seems a reasonable extrapolation, but a specific nuance of meaning like "bite" meaning 'stinging blow' is much harder to justify.

Another problem is that the examples in Jönsjö of 'noun + noun' constructions are almost all interpretable as "something's something": Bulheved, Doggelegg, Haukeseye, Haukesheued, etc. The exceptions (Milke and bred and similar compounds and Testifer [teste de fer 'balls of iron']) offer no support for the submitted construction 'body part + action'. If "bite" is taken to be a verb instead of a noun, then the order of parts is wrong: Jönsjö lists only one example of 'noun + verb', the French greeting or exclamation Deubenie [Deu beneir, 'God bless you'].

However, there are several attested bynames with meanings close to the one desired: Crakebone 1279, Crakebon 1378 'crack bone'; Craketo 1279 'crack toe' (R&W p. 114 s.n. Crackbone); Briseban 1275, Brusebon 1297, Brisbone 1298 'break bone' (p. 65 s.n. Brisbane); Brekeleg 1243 (p. 62 s.n. Breakleg); and Hackebon 1277 (p. 21 s.n. Hackbon). Other compounds with 'hack' include Hakesalt 1212, Hackesalt 1297, Hacsalt 1387 'hack salt'(p. 210 s.n. Hackshall); Hackesmal e13th, Hacsmal 1301, Hacksmal 1327, Hakepetit 1202 'hack small'; Haccemus 1148 'hack mouse' (s.n. Hacksmall); and Hackewude 1230, Hackewode 1327 (s.n. Hackwood); and with 'cut' there's Cutbussh 1450 'cut bush' (p. 122 s.n. Cutbush); Cuttelard 1486 'cut lard', Cuttekaple 1247 'cut horse', Cuttegos 1247 'cut goose', Cuteharing 1206 'cut herring', and Cuttepurs 1275 'cut purse' (s.n. Cutlard).

The submitter said via email that he will accept any byname for someone known for blows to the arm or wrist; he indicated no preference for one verb over another. It seems to me that 'break' and 'crack' imply "broken bones", and 'cut' implies "bleeding", so 'hack' probably comes closest to the desired meaning. I have therefore changed the byname to the somewhat more plausible construction Hackewrist.

43 Tassi gylðir - Resub Device forwarded

Sable, two chevrons between three wolves rampant contourny Or.

His name was forwarded to Laurel on the East's April 2006 xLoI. His previous device submission, Sable, a chevron between three wolves rampant Or, was returned on the East's January 2006 LoD (issued March 12) for conflict with Bran Davison of Clan Chattan (Nov 95 Outlands), Sable, a chevron ployé between two tabors and a boar's head couped Or. This submission changes the number of primary charges to clear that conflict.

44 Tat'iana Terent'eva (f) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Argent, a dragonfly purpure and a point pointed vert.

If her name must be changed, she cares most about the spelling of the given name. Tat'iana is dated as a feminine given name to 1498 in Wickenden (3rd ed. p.360). Terent'eva: Wickenden p.363 sn Terentii has the masculine patronymic Terent'ev dated to 1393, and the feminine Terent'eva to 1500.

This device is clear of the College of Windreach (Mar. 1999 via the Middle), (Fieldless) A dragonfly purpure, with one CD for the field and another for addition of the point pointed.

45 Tatsukawa Yamabukime - Resub Device returned

Sable, a chevron between two roses and a dragon rampant Or.

Her name was forwarded to Laurel on the East's April 2006 XLoI. Her previous device submission, Per pale gules and sable, a pegasus rampant sable, was returned for multiple conflicts on the East's January 2006 LoD (issued March 12). This is a complete redesign.

Unfortunately, this device conflicts with Bran Davison of Clan Chattan (Nov. 1995 via the Outlands), Sable, a chevron ployé between two tabors and a boar's head couped Or, with just one CD for changes to the type of the secondary charge group. Per precedent, ployé vs. straight edges doesn't get a CD (Adriana Kavanaugh, 04/00 R-Atenveldt).

46 Þórlæifr hvítskegg (m) - New Name forwarded

If his name must be changed, he cares most about the meaning and sound. Þorleifr appears in Viking Names found in the Landnámabók by Aryanhwy merch Catmael (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/norse/landnamabok.html). The spelling Þorlæifr is based on the information found in Nordiskt runnamnslexikon (The Dictionary of Norse Runic Names) by Lena Peterson (http://www.sofi.se/servlet/GetDoc?meta_id=1472), which has the following entry: læifR / -lafR m. From proto-Scandinavian *-laibaR, a formation from the stem in OW.Norse leif f. "inheritance, legacy", but as an element in personal names "one who comes after, heir." ... Compounds: -læifR: ... Hróð-, Ó-, Þór-, Ví, ... hvítkegg is a constructed byname meaning 'white beard', based on elements of documented Old Norse bynames. Viking Bynames found in the Landnámabók by Aryanhwy merch Catmael (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/norse/vikbynames.html) contains the following examples of bynames describing beards: bláskegg = black beard, breidðskeggr = broad bearded, flöskuskegg = flask beard, gullskeggr = gold beard, and refskegg = fox beard. The same article also contains two examples of bynames using the element 'hvít' to signify 'white', including one example of a white body part: hvítaský = white cloud, and hvítbeinn = white leg. Based on these examples, the submitter believes that 'hvítkegg' is a plausible constructed Old Norse byname meaning 'white beard'.

Submitted as hvítkegg, the byname was missing an 's': Geirr Bassi p. 27 has Skegg- 'Beard-' and skegglauss 'beardless'. The byname has therefore been corrected to hvítskegg.

47 Toi Poisson de Mortagne - New Device forwarded

Azure, in pale three fish and a chief invected argent.

Her name was registered in September 2005 via the East.

The blazon has been corrected from Azure, three fish argent naiant to dexter in pale, and a chief engrailed argent. This is clear of Veronica da Lugano (Apr. 2005 via the West), Azure, in pale three fish Or, an orle argent, with one CD for the tincture of the fish and another for the type of peripheral. It's also clear of Margery Colvere (Jan. 2005 via Northshield), Azure, in pale two trout argent, with one CD for the number of fish, and another for the peripheral charge.

48 Tomasz Tomashevskoi (m) - New Name forwarded

No major changes. If his name must be changed, he cares most about the sound 'shevski'. Wickenden p.93 s.n. Foma lists a 'Tomasz Andryssowicz' in 1558. Ibid. under patronymic variants has 'Tomashevskoi' 1623-4.

49 Tomasz Tomashevskoi - New Household Name forwarded
Submitted Name: Clan Campbell of Applecross

No major changes. This household name is to be registered jointly with Piers Campbell (name registered in October 1993 via the East). Tomasz's name is submitted elsewhere on this letter. If the name must be changed, the sound is most important. They also request that the spelling of 'Campbell' not be changed. Black Surnames of Scotland p.130 sn Campbell dates 'Duncan Campbell dominus de Gaunan' to "about 1390", 'Nigellus filius Colini Campbell' 1282, and 'Campbele' 1481. Johnston Placenames of Scotland p.84 sn Applecross dates 'Appillcroce' 1510, 'Abilcros' 1515, and 'Apuorcrossan' 737.

R&W p. 12 s.n. Appleton dates de Appleton' to 1196, and p. 118 s.n. Crossley there's Crossley 1481. These support the submitted spelling as a possible (though perhaps not likely) period form of this name. The town of Applecross does not appear to have any particular historical connection with the real Clan Campbell, so there shouldn't be any question of presumption.

50 Ulric Bryars (m) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Sable, three wolf heads erased within a wreath of thorns argent.

No changes. Ulric: Withycombe has this as a header form p. 284. She has among the dated forms 'Ulricus' 1086 and 'Wlfric' 1273. Searle lists Ulric s.n. Ulfric and says "nomen viri ellis abc." Bryars: RW p.64 sn Briars have 'Bryars' as an undated header form. They date a 'John in le Breres' 1219 with the meaning 'dweller among the brambles.' F.K. & S Hitching, References to English Surnames in 1601 and 1602 has "Bryars, La. 14."

Withycombe says, "The modern form, Ulric, is apparently a revival of the Norman-French spelling, which occurs in DB." R&W p. 502 s.n. Woolrich adds Wlricus filius Actman 1198, among others; this is a Latinized version of Wlric, which is in turn an orthographic variant of Ulric. The correct date from R&W for in le Breres is 1279, not 1219.

51 Wilhelm van Utrecht (m) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Gyronny vert and Or, a double-headed eagle gules and a bordure counterchanged.

Wilhelm: A Germanic name formed from the elements 'Wil-' and '-helm'. Found in the Lowlands in various spellings during the 1200s and 1300s. Dutch Names 1393-96 by Aryanhwy merch Catmael (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/dutch/dutch14.html) sn Willem has the spelling 'Wilhelmus', and Given Names in the Low Lands 1250-1300 by Kees Nieuwenhuijsen (http://www.keesn.nl/name13/) has the spellings 'Wilhelmus' and 'Willelm'. The submitter prefers the spelling 'Wilhelm'. 'van' is a Dutch locative preposition. Utrecht: according to the Encyclopedia Britannica, "Utrecht was chartered in 1122 and had a city council as early as 1304. Utrecht's greatest prosperity was in the 11th and 12th centuries, but throughout the Middle Ages it remained the most powerful and important town in the northern Netherlands" (http://www.britannica.com/).

"Names from Antwerp, 1443-1561" by Aryanhwy merch Catmael and Kymma Godric (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/dutch/plaiser.html) has Wilhelm 1548 and van Utrecht 1547 (twice).

The blazon has been simplified from Gyronny vert and Or, a double-headed eagle gules and a bordure gyronny Or and vert.

52 William de Drummyn - New Device forwarded

Per pale sable and purpure, a caltrop Or and on a chief argent three equal-armed Celtic crosses sable.

His name was forwarded to Laurel on the East's April 2006 xLoI.

53 Wystan Healfdene (m) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Quarterly Or and azure, an awl and a mallet in saltire counterchanged.

No major changes. If his name must be changed, he cares most about the sound. Withycombe p.294 s.n. Wystan dates the header spelling to 1190. Oxford Dictionary of Saints p. 502 s.n. Wistan has the header spelling dated to 850 and also lists the variant Wystan. RW p.212 s.n. Haldane derives the name from Anglo-Scandinavian Healfdene 'half Dane'. Searle, Onomasticon Anglo-Saxonicum p. 284 dates 'Healfdene' to 958, 1018, 1019, 1033.

Aryanhwy Albion said, "When you've got two charges in saltire, the one bendwise overlies the one bendwise sinister." I apologize in the name of the Pennsic art tent that none of us there knew this convention -- we figured it was artistic license which one ended up on top. It's a rather minor detail (a matter of two line segments in the yellow instead of the blue quarters), so I'm forwarding it unchanged.

54 Yaacov ben haRav Elieser (m) - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Barry dancetty argent and azure.

No major changes. Yaacov, Elieser: Names from Hebrew Chronicles of the 10th to 13th Centuries by Julie Stampnitzky (formerly found at http://www.yucs.org/~jules/names/crusades.html) under Masculine Names lists 'Yaakov' 13 times and 'Eliezer' 6 times. The author states "My transliterations are not the only possible way to spell these names." Thus the c/k and s/z substitutions in these names should be fine. ben haRav: Individuals Mentioned in Hebrew Accounts, 12th-13th centuries, also by Julie Stampnitzky (formerly found at http://www.yucs.org/~jules/names/latecr.html) under Pforzheim, Germany 1267 has 'haRav Shmuel ben haRav Yakar haLevi'. Permission to conflict with Arval Benicoeur's badge, (Fieldless) A fountain, is included.

No working URLs for the cited articles were found. Some of the data from the articles can be found in the Academy of St. Gabriel's internal library, but that's password-protected. The names, on the other hand, can be found in any number of places. Eliezer is found in Eleazar ha-Levi's "Jewish Naming Conventions in Angevin England" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/jewish.html), Yehoshua ben Haim haYerushalmi's "Names of Rabbis in Pirkei Avot" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/Jewish/perkei_avot.html), and 13 times in his "Names of Jews in Rome in the 1550s" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/Jewish/rome_article.html). The spelling Elieser is dated to the 12th century in Aryanhwy's "Jewish Given Names Found in Les Noms Des Israélites en France" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/jewish/levy/). Yaakov is found in Julie Stampnitzky's "Names of Jewish Men, 6th to 11th Centuries" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/juetta/sixth.html) and "Names from Hebrew Chronicles of the 10th to 13th Centuries" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/juetta/crusades.html). Her "Database of Medieval Jewish Names" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/juetta/main.html) has a glossary of titles and bynames (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/juetta/titles.html), which lists Rav as one of the bynames meaning 'Rabbi', and ha- as a Hebrew prefix meaning 'the'.

Commenters interpreted recent precedent on fountains (Atlantia, Kingdom of, badge for Order of the Fountain; 06/05 R-Atlantia) as meaning that this device is clear of Arval's badge by RfS X.1. (Addition of Primary Charges). It's definitely clear of both Hungary Ancient (Dec. 1994 via Laurel), Barry argent and gules [which should technically be Barry gules and argent, but never mind] and Beautrice Hammeltoune (Nov. 1998 via Æthelmearc), Barry azure and ermine, with one CD for changing half the field tincture, and another for changing the line of division.

55 Yon de la Sèle - Resub Device forwarded

Vert, a squirrel argent maintaining an acorn proper, within a bordure potenty Or.

His name was registered in January 2004 via the East. His previous device submission, Per pale sable and gules, a dragon segreant contourny Or, was returned at the same time for conflict with William Thespos Dragonsclaw (Mar 83 West), Per bend sinister gules and sable, a dragon segreant to sinister Or. This is a complete redesign.

According to the PicDic, a squirrel in its default sejant erect posture is "often drawn holding a nut between its forepaws," but this detail is not mentioned in the table of default postures in the Glossary of Terms, so I've left it in the blazon.

56 Zoe of the Cats Eye (f) - New Name returned & New Device therefore also returned

Quarterly per fess indented sable and vert, three mullets in bend Or between two roses argent.

No major changes. If her name must be changed, she cares most about the meaning. Zoe is found as a feminine name in Early 14th C. Byzantine Names of Macedonia by Maridonna Benvenuti (http://www.maridonna.com/onomastics/macedonia.htm). 'of the Cats eye' is constructed as an inn sign name based on the charge 'a cat's eye'. The consulting herald says, "English Sign Names has animal's head although no other body part", presumably referencing Mari Elspeth nic Bryan's "English Sign Names" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/mari/inn/) [no printouts provided]. The armory worksheet says "We know that there may be a problem with the mullet on the complex line of division. The overlap is small, so we are sending it up for consideration."

Greek/English combinations have been ruled unregisterable (Diana Spartene, 01/03 R-Calontir), and Zoë has specifically been ruled "not registerable as part of an English or French name" (Rosalia de Rebelh, 04/06 A-Caid). Thus this name is only registerable if of the Cats Eye is shown to be a reasonable Lingua Anglica translation of a Greek byname. Unfortunately, Greek does not appear to have used inn sign names or any other byname type that this might fit under, so this must be returned. Commenters had doubts about this byname even as part of a purely English name: Mari's article supports the use of animals and animal's heads in signs, but not the use of a single animal's eye.

Since the name is returned, the device must also be returned for lack of a name to attach it to. Note that some commenters disagreed that the mullet's overlap on the complex line is small; it covers a good third of the line. The mullet is definitely not a long, skinny charge, which has generally been the only type of charge allowed to overlap a low-contrast complex line of division. (See for example Astasia de Moncellis, 06/99 R-Atlantia and Endless Hills, Barony of, 08/99 R-Æthelmearc.)

57 Zoe of the Cats Eye - New Badge returned

Per saltire vert and argent, four roses counterchanged argent and gules, on a chief sable a crescent between two mullets argent.

Her name is submitted elsewhere on this letter.

The sable chief lacks adequate contrast with the vert of the field, which violates RfS XIII.2.b.i., so this must be returned. With four tinctures and four types of charge, this badge is also skirting a return for non-period style: the complexity rule of thumb is eight or fewer tinctures plus charge types. On resubmission, consider eliminating a tincture or charge type to make this simpler and thus more period in style.