Lillia de Vaux
eastern.crown@eastkingdom.org

January 27, 2010

Unto the East Kingdom College of Heralds and all others who do read this letter, greetings from Lillia de Vaux, Eastern Crown Herald!

This is the Letter of Decisions for the Internal Letter of Intent dated November 13, 2009. It contains the second batch of the Pennsic submissions and has 62 numbered items. Text in boldface is quoted or summarized from the ILoI, and my comments follow in normal type. Armory was reblazoned as needed, sometimes without further comment. Unless noted otherwise, no conflicts were found.

Thank you to the following commenters: Joscelin l'Esqurel, Alys Mackyntoich, Jeanne Marie Lacroix, Gawain of Miskbridge, Rohese de Dinan, Ragnveig Snorradottir, Kolosvari Arpadne Julia, Brunissende Dragonette, and Eleazar ha-Levi.

1: Alastar O'Rogan - Resub Badge forwarded

Per bend azure and vert, a scorpion tergiant Or and in chief a crescent argent

Her name was registered in 04/1997, and a device, Sable, on a pale Or between in chief two decrescents argent a spear sable, was registered in 11/2003, both via the East. She also has a badge, (Fieldless) A decrescent argent and overall a spear sable, registered at the same time as the device. The previous badge submission, Azure, a scorpion Or and in chief a crescent argent, was returned for conflict with Timothy der Kenntnisreiche (07/2006, An Tir), Azure, a scorpion Or maintaining in chief an open book argent.

This badge was inadvertently submitted on a device form. With the submitter's permission, it was redrawn on the proper form. It is clear of the previous conflict, and of Josiah Scorpious (10/1979, Atenveldt), Checky sable and vert, a scorpion displayed queue fourché Or, with CDs for the difference in the field and for adding a secondary charge. It is clear of Prospero de San Giuseppe Iato (11/1998, Æthelmearc), Azure, a scorpion, a bordure Or, with CDs for changing the field, and the type and tincture of the secondary charge. It is also clear of Oeric Lestrange (02/2000, Æthelmearc), Purpure semy-de-lys argent, a scorpion tergiant Or, with one CD for the difference in the field, and two more for changing the type and number of secondary charges.

2: Alexandre Bautista de la Mar - New Badge forwarded

Or, a ship and on a chief purpure two crescents pendant Or

His name and device, Purpure, on a cross between four galleons Or, five roses sable were registered in 09/2008 via the East. He has a badge, Purpure, a cross of Jerusalem and on a chief Or two galleons purpure that was registered 09/2009, also via the East.

3: Aleyn Míntengai - New Name forwarded

The submitter desires a male name. No major changes. Sound (unspecified) most important. His original name submission, Allyn Min-Teanga, was returned on the 05/1994 LoAR (R-East):

Aleyn is found in Black (s.n. Alan, p. 14), which lists Aleyn fitz Maucolum, 1296. Míntengai is a constructed byname intended to mean 'smooth-tongued' that is appropriate for Middle Irish in the early 11th century (and possibly earlier). It includes a form of -tengad 'tongue"' in the second half. The Wooing of Emer lists Bricne Nemtengai mac Carbad, 'Bricriu of the Venomous Tongue, the son of Arba' as a human in the legend/tale. Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index of Names in Irish Annals" (http://www.medievalscotland.org/kmo/AnnalsIndex/DescriptiveBynames/naTengad.shtml) includes na Tengad, literally '[of] the tongue' (referring to a linguist) for a man who died in 1022. "The Dictionary of the Irish language" (eDIL), s.n. mín, shows compounds with mín- used to refer to voices, e.g., minraitech, 'smooth-spoken, courteous'. The submitter allows the addition of na in the byname if needed.

Due to the age of the resubmission, this has been processed as a new submission, for which the proper fee has been paid to kingdom; however, a fee is not due to Laurel. Aleyn is Scots or Anglo-Scots rather than Gaelic; the combination of Scots and Gaelic is one step from period practice [Galen MacColmáin, 12/2004, Calontir], as is the combination of English and Gaelic. [Caitríona of Lindisfarne, 12/2004, Caid].

4: Amand le Braceeur - New Badge forwarded

Azure, on a maple leaf Or a natural salamander tergiant fesswise contourny gules

His name and device, Azure, a maple leaf and on a base engrailed Or a natural salamander tergiant fesswise contourny gules, were on the East Kingdom's 10/2009 Internal Letter of Intent (12/13/2009 External Letter).

Commenters thought that this badge was evocative of badges of the Barony of Bhakail due to the similarity between the depiction of the maple leaf used in this submission (i.e., lacking internal detailing) and a flame Or. Despite this, the badge was clear of conflict - including potential visual conflict with Bhakail's armory - and is being forwarded.

5: Annora Stratton de Buchanan - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Argent, a triskelion arrondi azure and on a chief sable three ivy leaves argent

The submitter desires a female name. No major changes. Meaning (unspecified) most important. Annora is the most common version of Honor(i)(a) in the 12th to 14th centuries, according to Withycombe (s.n. Honor(i)(a), 3rd edn.). The name appears as Annor (1273), Annora (1187-1215, 13°, 1273, 1302, 1316), and Anora (1218 Mabane) according to Talan Gwynek, "Feminine Given Names in A Dictionary of English Surnames" (http://heraldry.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/reaneyAG.html). Stratton is a header in R&W (3rd edn.), which lists a John Stratton, 1366. de Buchanan is found in Black (s.n. Buchanan), which includes a Walter de Buchanan, 1373.

According to Black, Buchanan is a district in Stirlingshire, and Walter de Buchanan was found in Cartularium comitatus de Levenax ab initio seculi decem tertii usque de annum 1398, published in Ediburgh in 1833 (http://books.google.com/books?id=4bhYAAAAMAAJ). This source actually listed the following: Mauritio de Buchquhanane (not specifically dated), Waltero de Buchanan (and Waltero domino de Buchanan) (1373), and Waltero de Buchanane (1394). Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "Index of Scots names found in Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/scots/dost/buchanan.html), lists two instances of of Buchanane dated to 1473-4 and 1474. As there appears to be variation in the spelling of the byname, I am forwarding the name without changes.

The device is clear of Gernot vomme Sewe (11/2008, An Tir), Argent, a triskele and in chief two compass stars azure, with two CDs for the changes to type and number of secondary charges (two compass stars to one chief), and another for the addition of the tertiary charges. It is also clear of Terryl of Talavera (12/1975 LOAR), Argent, a triskelion arrondi azure, between in pale two torteaux, with CDs for the changes to the type, tincture, and number of secondary charges (two red torteaux to one black chief) and another for the addition of the tertiary charges.

6: Bran mac Brádaigh - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Per bend sinister wavy sable and argent, a raven displayed and a sun counterchanged

The submitter desires a male name. No major changes. Language (Irish Gaelic) most important. Spelling most important. Bran is found in Woulfe (p. 323), which states that it is a West Clare surname, and also lists the patronymic byname <M'Bran>. The submitted spelling is the nominative form, as found in Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn, "100 Most Popular Men's Names in Early Medieval Ireland" (http://heraldry.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/irish100.html), with a count of 44 in M.A. O'Brien's Corpus Genealogiarum Hiberniae (Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 1976). That source compiles names from roughly pre-12th century genealogical records. mac Brádaigh (mac Bradaig.) (Woulfe, s.n., Mac Brádag., p. 322). Bradaigh is also found in Academy of Saint Gabriel Report no. 2658 (http://www.s-gabriel.org/2658):

The use of a bird displayed other than an eagle is a step from period practice.

"Index of Names in Irish Annals" by Mari Elspeth nic Bryan gives dates for Bran that are more compatible with the dated example for mac Brádaigh: Bran is listed as appearing in Old, Middle and Early Modern Irish, with examples appearing in, among other years, 1361, 1364, 1373, 1406, and 1435 (http://www.medievalscotland.org/kmo/AnnalsIndex/Masculine/Bran.shtml).

The device is clear of Kathryn of Oldenburg (02/2008, East), Per fess gules and Or, a sun Or and a falcon displayed sable, with CDs for the changes to the field and the change in tincture of the primary charges.

7: Bronwen Carus - New Badge forwarded

(Fieldless) Four boar spears, butts conjoined, in saltire argent

Her name was registered in 08/1998 and her device, Purpure, a tyger sejant Or, in 08/2000, both via the East.

8: Bruno Caravello - New Name forwarded

The submitter desires a male name. Language and culture (Venetian) most important. Bruno is a male given name found in Ferrante LaVolpe, "Italian Names from Florence, 1427" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/ferrante/catasto/), in which it appears with a count of nine. Caravello is a descriptive byname from a word meaning "brain", and sometimes used for a foolish or thoughtless person, but it is described as a common Venetian surname. It is found in Arval Benicoeur and Talan Gwynek, "Fourteenth Century Venetian Personal Names" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/arval/venice14/), with the example Francisco Caravello.

9: Caer Adamant, Shire of - New Badge forwarded

Azure, a pale vert fimbriated Or

The shire name and device, Azure, on a pale vert fimbriated between two laurel wreaths a sword Or, were registered in November of 1991 via the East.

10: Catherine of Carillion - Resub Badge forwarded

Azure, on a bend between two mullets of seven points argent a decrescent palewise sable

Her name and device, Per bend sinister azure and sable, in fess a decrescent, a mullet of seven points, and an increscent argent, were registered in 04/2009 via the East. Her prior badge submission, Azure, on a mullet of seven points argent a triquetra sable, was returned on the 11/2008 East Kingdom Letter of Decision for multiple conflicts. The badge has been completely redesigned.

The badge is clear of Ana Beig de Rosslyn (07/2006, Atlantia), Azure, on a bend between two crosses crosslet argent, three crescents sable, with a CD for changing the type of secondary charges and another for changing the number and orientation of the tertiary charges.

11: Claudio Gonzaga - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Quarterly Or and vert, an owl counterchanged

The submitter desires a male name. No major changes. Language and culture (16th century Italian) most important. Claudio is found in Juliana de Luna, "Names from Sixteenth Century Venice" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/juliana/16thcvenice.html), dated to before 1600. Gonzaga was purported to come from Arval Benicoeur and Talan Gwynek, "Fourteenth Century Venetian Personal Names" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/arval/venice14/), where it is described as being a possible locative byname from the village of Gonzaga, between Mantua and Reggio.

Arval and Talan's article contains documentation for Gonzago, not the submitted spelling. There was a correction on one copy of the name form that made it possible that Gonzago was the desired spelling; however, on further inspection of all of the paperwork from Pennsic, it's clear that the submitter wanted Gonzaga. Although locative bynames generally take the particle da, precedent appears to state that unmarked surnames occurred in late period Italy and are registerable [Alessandra Vieri, 07/01, A-Atlantia]. Noir Licorne noted that Ugo Gonzaga was registered 01/2003 (East); on checking that submission, the byname was documented as the name of the dynasty that ruled Mantua from 1328-1707, and Montferrat from 1536-1707 (Encyclopedia Britannica). Indeed the armory of this dynasty has been deemed important enough to protect (12/1994 LoAR). Upon further research, Francesco and Leonora Gonzaga are found in the 16th century book Il Cortegiano (The Book of the Courtier) by Baldassare Castiglione (1606 edition found at http://books.google.com/books?id=gM8DAAAAcAAJ), so it appears as though the particle was not used in period for this name. As there is no ruling member of the dynasty named Claudio, as far as I can tell, the use of this name should not run afoul of RfS VI.1.

The device is clear of Pietari Pentinpoika Uv (06/1991), Per bend vert and argent, an eagle owl counterchanged, with two CDs for the changes in tincture of the field and owl. It is also clear of Adelicia Tagliaferro (09/1994, Ansteorra), (Fieldless) An owl Or, with one CD for the field and another for change of tincture of half of the owl.

12: Connor McPhaddin - New Device forwarded

Per chevron argent and azure, two Thor's hammers azure and two spears in saltire Or surmounted by a wolf's head couped argent

His name was registered in 09/1997 via the East.

13: Corcrán mac Diarmata - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Barry wavy argent and gules, a roundel checky Or and sable

The submitter desires a male name. No major changes. Language and culture (11th to 12th century Irish) most important. Corcrán is a header in OC&M (p. 60), which lists Corcrán Clérech, who died in 1040. Diarmata is the Middle Irish Gaelic genitive form of Diarmait/Diarmaid found in Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index of Names in Irish Annals" (http://www.medievalscotland.org/kmo/AnnalsIndex/Masculine/Diarmait.shtml). It was the name of 30 men in the Annals, years 615-1585. Diarmait is also found in Mari's "Dated Names found in Ó Corráin and Maguire's Irish Names" (http://www.medievalscotland.org/kmo/ocm/), with the dates 565 and 665. The name pattern [given name] + mac + [father's name in genitive case] is found in Sharon L. Krossa, "Quick and Easy Gaelic Names" (3rd edn.; http://www.medievalscotland.org/scotnames/quickgaelicbynames/).

14: Dalla Óláfs kona - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Per fess wavy azure and sable, a demi-sun issuant from the line of division Or, in base an open book argent, a bordure Or

The name was submitted as Dalla Oláfskona. The submitter desires a female name. No major changes. Language (unspecified) most important. Meaning (wife of Olaf) most important. Dalla is found in Geir Bassi, personal names, p. 9. It is also found between three and five times in the Landnámabók, according to Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "Viking Names found in the Landnámabók" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/norse/landnamabok.html). Oláfskona is intended to mean 'wife of Oláfr'. Oláfr is a masculine given name (ibid., p. 13), and has been changed to the genitive case by changing -r to -s. Gunnvôr silfrahárr, "Old Norse Men's Names" (http://www.vikinganswerlady.com/ONMensNames.shtml) discusses Óláfr:

The submitter will allow the grammar to be corrected if necessary.

The name has been changed to Dalla Óláfs kona to match the form documented in the Academy of Saint Gabriel report.

The device is clear of Justina Elizabeth Vigilant (6/2004, East), Per fess embattled sable and vert, a demi-sun issuant from the line of division Or and an open book argent, with one CD for changing the field and another for adding the bordure. One commenter was concerned about identifiability of the complex line of division, but I'm leaving this for Wreath to decide.

15: Dughdhova yi Shirazi - Resub Name forwarded & Resub Device forwarded

Purpure, a fish naiant and in chief three hemlock flowers affronty, a bordure argent

The submitter desires a female name. Meaning (given name starting with 'D' plus 'yi Shirazi') most important. The submitter has had three returned names, two by Laurel and one in kingdom: Kaga Ruri (03/2006, Outlands), Delara yi Punel (09/2006 Outlands Letter of Response), and Delara-yi Shirâzî (05/2007, Outlands). Dughdhova is found as dughdhô-vâ in "Zoroastrian names" (http://www.avesta.org/znames.htm), in which this name is described as a feminine given name used by the wife of Pourushaspa and mother of Zarathushtra. yi Shirâzî is found in Aryanhwy merch Catmael and Ursula Georges, "Persian Feminine Names from the Safavid Period" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/ursula/persian.html), in which Nihânî-yi Shirâzî is the name of a poetess from the end of the 15th and early 16th centuries. [Note that, in the article, the circumflex has been used instead of the macron due to the limitations of HTML. This has been retained.] The submitter is aware that there is a temporal difference of ~2000 years in the name elements, and is willing to accept a more modern Persian version of the name or another name starting with 'D'. Also note that the submitted name on the form omitted the hyphen and accents. The submitter's two prior original device submissions, Argent, in bend sinister, a fan charged with a plate and a wave reversed sable, and Azure and purpure gyronny, in base a pegasus passant, in chief two scimitars argent, were returned on the 03/2006 LoAR (R-Outlands) and 09/2006 East Kingdom Letter of Response, respectively. The device has been completely redesigned. She also included documentation for the depiction of the hemlock flowers from Wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conium). Despite these being resubmissions, the submitter has paid the fees again.

Noir Licorne noted that the given name means 'milkmaid', or 'one who milks cows', and that it might be appropriate for a later period. We appeal to the College of Arms for assistance finding a temporally compatible form of the name, or a similar sounding one.

The device, Argent, in bend sinister a fan sable charged with a plate and a great wave reversed sable, was returned in 03/2006 (Outlands) along with the name Kaga Ruri. A resubmission, Azure and purpure gyronny, in base a pegasus passant, in chief two scimitars argent, was returned in kingdom (09/2006 Outlands Letter of Response) with the name Delara-yi Punel.

16: Ealawynn verch Cynddelw - New Name forwarded

The submitter desires a female name. No major changes. Sound (Ealawynn) most important. Ealawynn is an Old English given name dated c. 831, found in Searle (p. 195). verch 'daughter' is found in Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn, "A Simple Guide to Constructing 13th Century Welsh Names" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/tangwystyl/welsh13.html). Cynddelw is a Welsh name found as a header in Morgan and Morgan (p. 77). Chynddwelw Brydydd Mawr was a 12th century [illegible] that flourished c. 1155-1200. It is the standard spelling found in the list of male given names in Tangwystyl's article. There is one step from period practice for combining Welsh and Old English.

17: Fiona Siobhan of Kincora - New Device forwarded

Azure, three owls displayed argent, each charged with a pearled coronet azure

Her name was registered in 10/1989 via the East. She became a court baroness on 09/01/2001. This submission was originally lost in kingdom, and is now being sent on. There is one step from period practice for the use of a bird displayed other than an eagle.

Commenters were unanimous that the coronets were somewhat hard to identify due to the shared tincture with the field; however, whether this is enough to return the submission is up to Wreath to decide.

18: Fortune Sancte Keyne - New Name forwarded

The submitter desires a female name. No major changes. Language and culture (Welsh) most important. Fortune is found in Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn, "A Simple Guide to Constructing 16th Century Welsh Names (in English Contexts)" (http://heraldry.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/welsh16.html). Sancte Keyne is a place name dated 1291 in Ekwall, s.n. St Keyne. Unmarked locatives are discussed in the introduction of R&W, but the submitter will allow the addition of a preposition if needed.

19: Gaius Aeneas Maso - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Sable, an anchor and on a chief Or a double-headed eagle displayed sable

The submitter desires a male name. No major changes. Language and culture (Early Roman) most important. Gaius is from the praenomen section and Maso from the cognomen section of "Roman Names" (http://www.novaroma.org/via_romana/names2.html). Aeneas is a masculine name from Bardas Xiphias, "Common Names of the Aristocracy in the Roman Empire During the 6th and 7th Centuries" (http://heraldry.sca.org/laurel/names/byzantine/early_byz_names.html), with two occurrences. If Aeneas is not an acceptable nomen, the submitter is willing to use Annaeus, as in Lucius Annaeus Seneca (Seneca the Younger).

20: Grainne Fhial inghean ui Chearmada - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Argent semy of quavers vert, a foi throughout azure

The submitter desires a female name. No major changes. Sound (unspecified) most important. Grainne is the name of 22 women, years 1317-1582, found in Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index of Names in Irish Annals" (http://www.medievalscotland.org/kmo/AnnalsIndex/Feminine/Grainne.shtml). The standard Early Modern Irish Gaelic form is Gráinne (ibid.). Fhial is the lenited spelling of the Gaelic descriptive byname Fíal (Middle Irish Gaelic nominative form), 'generous/hospitable'. It was the name of two men, years 970 and 1013 (ibid; http://www.medievalscotland.org/kmo/AnnalsIndex/DescriptiveBynames/Fial.shtml). Evidence of the meaning was taken from the Annals of the Four Masters, which was written in 1632-1636 [Mavis Cournana, Donnchadh Ó Corráin, ed., "Annals of the Four Masters, Vol. 5", CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts: a project of University College, Cork, Ireland, 1998 (http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/G100005E/)]:

Chearmada is the lenited, genitive form of the male given name Cearmada (O Carmody and O Kermody in Anglicized Irish, temp. Elizabeth I and James I), found in Woulfe (s.n. Ó Cearmada, p. 459). The name pattern [given name] + [descriptive byname (usually lenited)] + inghean Ui + [eponymous clan ancestor's name (usually lenited and always in genitive case)] is based on Sharon L. Krosa, "Quick and Easy Gaelic Names" (3rd edn., http://www.medievalscotland.org/scotnames/quickgaelicbynames/). [Note that the consulting herald used capital A's throughout the paperwork, including in the name being submitted. The capitalization in the submitted name was corrected.]

Grainne is Early Modern Irish Gaelic with the first cited instance being in 1317, and the byname Fhial is documented as Middle Irish Gaelic, with the last cited instance being 1013. The combination of Middle Irish Gaelic with Early Modern Irish Gaelic is one step from period practice [Ciarán mac Gaoithín, LoAR 01/2005, Æthelmearc], and the temporal disparity is a second step from period practice per the 08/2009 Cover Letter. However, as the disparity is only four years over the limit, we appeal to the College to register this name. An alternative would be to drop the problematic Fhial and forward the name as Grainne inghean ui Chearmada, but the submitter does not allow major changes such as dropping an element.

21: Gunnvaldr hamarskáld - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Argent, a boot bendwise sinister sable distilling three gouttes de sang, one and two, on a chief sable two axes in saltire surmounted by a sword inverted argent

The submitter desires a male name. No changes. Gunnvaldr is a male given name found in Geirr Bassi, p. 10. It also occurs once in Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "Viking Names found in Landnámabók" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/norse/landnamabok.html). hamarskáld is a nickname (ibid., p. 22).

This device has a complexity count of eight, which is registerable.

22: Helga stjarna - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Azure, in bend three mullets of six points, on a chief Or a rat passant azure

The name was submitted as Helga Stjarna. The submitter desires a female name. No major changes. Language and culture (Norse) most important. Helga and stjarna 'star' are found in Geir Bassi (pp. 11 and 28). Helga occurs 36 times in the Landnámabók, as described in Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "Viking Names found in Landnámabók" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/norse/landnamabok.html). stjarna also appears in Aryanhwy's "Viking Bynames found in the Landnámabók" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/norse/vikbynames.html), with a single occurrence.

The name was changed to Helga stjarna because descriptive bynames in Old Norse are always transcribed in all lowercase [Ragnhildr in Sieðkona, 01/2005, R-An Tir].

23: Isylte Aron - New Name forwarded & New Device returned

Vert, semy of ash leaves bendwise, a sprig of ash leaves Or

The submitter desires a female name. No major changes. Sound (unspecified) most important. Isylte is from Withycombe, s.n. Isolda, and is dated to 1612. Aron is a header form in Bardsley, which includes Adam Aron, dated 1420.

The device has been returned due to lack of identifiability of the leaves, and because it violates a precedent:

[...on a chevron between three hearts argent three hearts sable] There is no problem with having the same type of charge as both secondaries and tertiaries. Submissions are only returned if the same type of charge is used as primary and secondary charges [Coilín Cruaidhchridheach, 09/1999, A-Artemisia].

24: John Averey - New Name forwarded

The submitter desires a male name. No major changes. Sound (John + Avery) most important. John appears in R&W, s.n. Aylett (p. 20): John Ayllyth, 1279. It is also found in Julian Goodwyn, "English Names Found in Brass Enscriptions" (http://heraldry.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/brasses/), where the name appears with a frequency of 494, the earliest appearance in 1277. An example of Averey (ibid., s.n. Averay, pp. 19-20) is Walter Averey, 1279.

25: Joscelin le esqurel - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Per bend sinister purpure and sable, a squirrel within an orle of acorns Or

The name was submitted as Joscelin l'Esqurel. The submitter desires a male name. No major changes. Meaning (the squirrel) most important. Joscelin is found in R&W, s.n. Jocelyn, which lists Willelmus filius Jocealini, Jocelini, 1208-1212, and a Ralph Joscelin, 1208. l'Esqurel, a sobriquet meaning 'the squirrel', is from Morlet Dictionnaire, s.n. Esquirol, -irou (p. 386), which states that it is used to describe someone who is fast. It can also refer to the place names Esquirol and Esquirols. R&W (s.n. Squirrel) lists Geoffrey le esqurel, dated 1274.

A Joscelinus de Stalham, 1149-66, also was found in R&W, s.n. Jocelyn, and Withycombe, s.n. Jocelyn, included Joscelin, 1199. It has been changed to match the spelling in the 1274 example from R&W.

There is a conflict with Kallista Morgunova's in-progress device submission (11/2009 LoI, Æthelmearc), Purpure, a squirrel maintaining an acorn within an orle of nine acorns Or, but since it is not yet registered, I am forwarding the device for consideration. There is only one CD for the change in the field.

26: Joscelin le esqurel - New Badge forwarded

(Fieldless) On an acorn sable a squirrel Or

27: Katarzyna Gwozdz - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Gules, on a bend sinister between two crosses fourchy, between the tines of each fork a roundel, argent three glazier's nails palewise sable

The submitter desires a female name. No major changes. Meaning (Katarina) most important. Katarzyna is found in Walraven von Nijmegan and Arval Benicoeur, "Polish Given Names in Nazwiska Polaków" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/walraven/polish/). This name is found under the Roman or Greek feminine names. Gwozdz is a name (nominative form) meaning 'forest/woods' or 'nail', according to an article by Peter Gwozdz (http://www.gwozdz.org/name.html); this article is an overview of the family name that includes detailed citations from Kazimierz Rymut, Nazwiska Polaków and Witold Taszycki, Słownik Staropolskich Nazw Osobowych (SSNO; 'Dictionary of Old Polish Names'), in which it appears on p. 129 (s.n. Gwozd) and p. 188 of vol. II (s.n. Goźdź), respectively: The name appears in various spellings, for example, Contra Gozdzonem Andree (1386; Latinized), Pro Andrea dicto Gwoscz (1390), Andreas dictus Gosdz de Odolino (1393), Andreas Goszdz de Oczicze (1400), Stanislaum Gvoszcz (1437), Stanislaus Goszdz (1440), Iohanne Gwoszdz de Lappczicza...Johannes Goszdz (1451), and Nobilis Petrus alias Gwoszdz de Lapczicza (1460). Vol. VII (Supplement) of SSNO , s.n. Gozd, (p. 74) has an entry reading Pro parte...Hinek generi Gwozdonis de Chronow...advocat(i) de Woynicz 1569 (1349). Aleksandra Cieślikowa, Staropolskie Odapelatywne Nazwy Osobowe: Proces Onimozacji (Warsaw: Polska Akademia Nauk - Instytut Języka Polskiego, 1990, p. 43), s.nn. Gozd and Goźdź, has Gozd (1397), Gwozd (1275), gozd (1412), Goźdź (1386), Gwoźdź (1390), and Goźdź (1451). Gwozdz is also the submitter's legal surname, as verified on her driver's license by Eastern Crown; however, considering the variation in the period spellings, the submitted spelling appears to plausible for the 13th to 15th centuries without falling back on the legal name allowance. The submitter will accept changes to the given name only.

Unfortunately, no one in the East Kingdom College of Heralds had access to vol. II of SSNO in order to verify the information in Peter Gwozdz's article; however, the citations were sufficiently detailed to give this source the benefit of the doubt and allow its use. Blue Tyger also noted that Herby Rodów Polskich p. 72 has "Gozdzki, Gocki, Goscki, Gojscki, Godzki i Goyski województwo sandomierskie 1550 i 1778 r." These and the other sources cited show the variation in spelling of this and similar names. Also, neither I nor anyone in the College can read Polish, so translations could not be provided.

The crosses in the device were originally blazoned as crosses Osmorog. According to the 09/2009 LoAR (Micolay Haiduk, A-Ansteorra), this is not an actual type of cross; rather, Osmorog was the name of the family that purportedly bore it. The device has been reblazoned to match the blazon from Micolay's acceptance. The device is clear of Connor Cruimseach MacIlvey (04/1992, Caid), Gules, two scarpes between two Celtic crosses argent, with one CD for the addition of tertiary charges and another for the change in number of primary charges.

28: Kendrich Kennethson - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Per pale Or and gules, three roundels in pale between two flaunches, all counterchanged

The submitter desires a male name. No major changes. Meaning (Kendrich, son of Kenneth) most important. Kendrich is a male given name found in Withycombe (p. 188), s.n. Kenrick, which states that the name is based on the Old English Cynric, and was "fairly common in the Middle Ages", including as a surname, and lists the spelling Ken(d)rick, 1602. Withycombe also notes that the given name survived into the 17th century. The submitted spelling is based on R&W, s.n. Kerrick (p. 263), which includes a John Kendrich, 1279. Kennethson is a surname meaning 'son of Kenneth'. The use of -son in patronymics is discussed in R&W, pp. xix-xxi, e.g., Thomas Prestson, 1332. Black, s.n. Kennethson (p. 393), includes Alexander Kennethson, 1430.

29: Kilian MacAd - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Per bend sinister argent and sable, a bend sinister bevilled gules between a mask of comedy and a mask of tragedy counterchanged.

The name was submitted as Kilian MacAdhe. The submitter desires a male name. Sound (Killian, like Lillian Mach Aid) most important. Killian is an anglicized saint's name that appears as a header in in Woulfe (p. 49), and is also found in OC&M, s.n. Cilléne (p. 52); however, this spelling is not registerable:

MacAdhe was based on Johnne MacAd, found in Black, s.n. Macad (p. 449), dated 1596. The submitter prefers the MacAdhe spelling, but will accept MacAd if necessary. The combination of German and Scots is a step from period practice.

None of the submitted documentation supported the use of the MacAdhe spelling of the byname; the name has been changed to Kilian MacAd to better match the documentation (although we could not find another source for this name other than Black). A Scottish Gaelic name, Mac Aodh (found in Sharon Krossa, "Scottish Gaelic Given Names", http://www.medievalscotland.org/scotnames/gaelicgiven/, dated to 1408), could not be used because the combination of Gaelic and German is not registerable. A 16th century name, Mac Adde (Heather Rose Jones, "Manx Names in the Early 16th Century", http://www.medievalscotland.org/manxnames/jonesmanx16.shtml), would also not be registerable for the same reason. If the submitter wishes to better retain the desired sound, we suggest MacCay (found in Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "Index of Scots names found in Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue", http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/scots/dost/mackay.html, dated 1606).

30: Leopold Draco - New Device forwarded

Azure, two tridents in saltire, overall a fleur-de-lys, a bordure Or

His name was registered 04/2009 via the East.

This device is clear of Melisant de Montgomeri (07/2004, Middle), Azure, two spoons in saltire Or, overall a fleur-de-lys argent, with one CD for the tincture of the fleur, one for the addition of the bordure, and one for the change of type of secondary charge.

31: Lucy of Brakendelve - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Gules, on a dragonfly Or a mullet voided and interlaced within and conjoined to an annulet sable

The submitter desires a female name. No major changes. Meaning (Lucy from the Canton of Brakendelve) most important. Lucy is a feminine given name found in Withycombe (s.n. Lucia), which lists a Lucy Godstow, 1450. The name also appears in Talan Gwynek, "Feminine Given Names in A Dictionary of English Surnames" (http://heraldry.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/reaneyHZ.html), with this spelling dated 1277 and 1450. of Brakendelve is a locative byname based on the branch name Brakendelve, Canton of, registered 11/1996 via the Middle.

32: Lysken die Waeyer - New Name forwarded

The submitter desires a female name. No major changes. Sound (unspecified) most important. Lysken is a feminine given name dated to 1518 in Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "15th Century Dutch Names" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/dutch/dutch15.html). die Waeyer (ibid.) is a descriptive byname meaning 'the one who is lively or unpredictable', dated 1432-3.

33: Madelaine de Mortaigne - New Name forwarded

The submitter desires a female name. No major changes. Madelaine is found in Henri Lancelot-Voisin de La Popelinière, Jean Le Frère, and Paul-Émile Piguerre (presumed authors), L'histoire de France, enrichie des plus notables occurrances survenues ez provinces de l'Europe et pays voisins, soit en paix, soit en guerre, tant pour le fait séculier qu'eclésiastic, depuis l'an 1550 jusques à ces temps, published by H. d'Abraham, La Rochelle, 1581, p. 285; written in Middle French; http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k1159043). This mentions "...le jour de la Madelaine", the feast day of Saint Mary Magdalen. de Mortaigne appears in Sébastian Roulliard, Parthénie, ou Histoire de la très-auguste... église de Chartres, dédiée par les vieux druides en l'honneur de la Vierge qui enfanteroit, avec ce qui s'est passé de plus mémorable au faict de la seigneurie... de la dicte église, ville et païs chartrain, par Me Sébastian Roulliard (published by Robin Thierry and Pierre Chevalier, Paris, 1609; http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5674684c), which states on p. 280:

A variant spelling is found in R&W, s.n. Morten, which lists Gilbert de Moretaign', dated 1187.

Mortaigne is found in Morlet Dictionnaire (s.n. Mortagne, pp. 710-1), which states that the place name is derived from the name of the people <Mauritani> from Gaul. Earlier spellings are Moretoin (c. 1025) and Mauritonio (c. 1055). Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Names Found in Ambleny Registers 1578-1616" (http://www.medievalscotland.org/kmo/Ambleny/FemGivenNames.shtml) lists eight instances of <Madeleine>. Cateline de la Mor, "Sixteenth Century Norman Names" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/cateline/norman16.html) lists <Madallaine> and <Madeleine>, making the submitter's requested spelling a plausible variant.

34: Magdalena Lantfarerin - New Name forwarded

The name was submitted as Magdalena de Lantfarerinn. The submitter desires a female name. Meaning (surname roughly "migrant") most important. Magdalena occurs eight times in Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "German Names from 1495" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/german/german1495.html). Lantfarerinn was purported to be an expected feminine form of Lantfarer, found in Bahlow (s.v. Land, Landt), dated 1397. die Lantfarerinn was intended to mean 'the migrant'.

Aryanhwy's "German Names from Nürnberg, 1497" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/german/surnamesnurndesc.html) includes descriptive bynames, and states that they are feminized by adding -in, not -inn as in this submission, e.g., Bischoff/Bischoffin 'bishop' and Bayer/Bayerin 'Bavarian'. In addition, it states that surnames at this time were largely inherited, so commenters did not feel that die was appropriate. As a result, the name has been changed to Magdalena Lantfarerin.

35: Magnus Morte - New Name forwarded

No gender specified. No major changes. Sound (byname that sounds like "Morte") most important. Magnus is a header in R&W, with Magnus de Weitecroft found tempus Henry II [reigned 1154-89]. An example of the byname Morte (ibid.,s.n. Mort) is John Morte, 1322.

36: Magnus Morte - New Household Name forwarded & New Badge forwarded

Knot and Snake House

Per pale azure and argent, a snake in a cavendish knot erect argent.

No major changes. Knot is dated c. 1449 in the OED, and knots were used in period badges. Snake is dated to 1412-20 (ibid.) Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "English Sign Names" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/mari/inn/), includes examples of the pattern X House or X Tavern. The submitter would prefer Knotty or Knotted Snake, but will settle for Knot and Snake, which is what was documented. He will accept any of those forms. (Knotty is dated to 1602 in the OED.) The submitter is aware that this is a possible conflict with Frewin Finnbegason (12/1984, Caid), Per saltire gules and sable, a Norse serpent nowed argent. The badge is to be associated with the household name.

According to Mari's article, the form "A + B House" is rare, but does occur, with one example noted.

As the uncharged part of the field is a plain tincture, this is not considered to be marshalled arms [Murdoch Bayne, 08/2002, Æthelmearc]. Commenters thought that the badge is clear of Dustin the Harmless (08/1995, Caid), Per pale azure and argent, a snake erect counterchanged, with one CD for the changing the tincture of half of the snake and another for the difference between a snake erect and one nowed. There is no difference for moving the snake to dexter, as this is a forced move.

37: Magnús œðíkollr - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Gules, an open book Or bound sable en soleil Or, on a chief argent a bear passant sable

The name was submitted as Magnús Œðíkollr. The submitter desires a male name. No major changes. Language (Norse) most important. Meaning (Byname meaning 'The Mad' (as a divine gift) most important. Magnús and œðíkollr are found in Geirr Bassi, pp. 13 and 30. According to the worksheet, the submitter wants the byname to mean something similar to 'divine madness'. œðíkollr 'mad-head, wild man' appears once in Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "Viking Bynames found in the Landnámabók" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/norse/vikbynames.html).

The name was changed to Magnús œðíkollr because descriptive bynames in Old Norse are always transcribed in all lowercase [Ragnhildr in Sieðkona, 01/2005, An Tir].

38: Magnus of the East - New Device Change forwarded

Gules, a chevron argent between two bees Or and a drinking horn argent

Old Item: Gules, on a chevron argent two axes in chevron heads to center sable and in base a tankard Or, to be released.

The submitter's holding name and device were registered 01/2004 via the East.

This device should be clear of Alleyn of Kent (04/1996, West), Gules, a chevron argent between two reremice and a mallet Or, with a CD for changing the type of the secondary charges and another for changing the tincture of "half" the secondary charges since they are arranged two and one. It is also clear of Cuhelyn Cam vap Morcant (07/1999, Meridies), Gules, a chevron between three crosses crosslet argent, by the same count.

39: Martoni Szarvas Kato - New Name forwarded

No checkboxes were marked. Martoni is based on Kázmér Miklós, Régi magyar családnevek szótára (Magyar Nyelvtudományi Társaság, Budapest, 1993), s.n. Mártoni, which lists Marthoni (1559) and Martony (1568). Szarvas is a header form (ibid.), with period spellings Sarvas (1554) and Szarwas (1574 and 1581, etc.). Period Hungarian spelling alternated more-or-less freely between /t/ and /th/, between /i/, /j/, and /y/, and between /u/, /v/, and /w/. In late period, spelling also alternated between /sz/, /s/, and /z/. Thus, Martoni and Szarvas are plausible late-period spellings of these bynames. The diminutive Kato (for Katalin) is found in several places in Kázmér (s.nn. András, Fejérdi, Nagypál, and Kató): andras kato (1583), feyerdi Kato (1568), Nagÿ Pal Kato (1658), and Kato (matronymic; 1574, 1580, and 1589).

Szarvas is another metaphorical epithet (meaning 'stag, hind'). Martoni is in form a possible locative, but is glossed by Kázmér as a marked patronymic, as there is no place called Márton or Mártoni in Hungary. However, examples of placenames formed from given names abound: Alberti (Pest, Somogy counties), Barabás (Bereg, Zala counties), Bereck (Háromszék) and Berecki (Zemplén c.), Dömötöri (Vas c.), Elek (Arad c.), Györgyi (Abaúj c.), Ivány (Heves, Sopron counties), and Iványi (Baranya, Bereg, Gömör counties), etc. (Kázmér, s.nn. Alberti, Barabási, Berecki, Dömötöri, Eleki, Györgyi, Iványi). Thus, since either Márton or Mártoni is a plausible (if fictional) Hungarian placename, the submitted name follows the form of the multi-byname examples above.

40: Matthew Cameron de Buchanan - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Per bend sinister sable and azure, two scarpes between a wolf's head erased contourny and a thistle argent

The submitter desires a male name. No major changes. Meaning (unspecified) most important. Matthew is found in Julian Goodwyn, "English Names Found in Brass Inscriptions" (http://heraldry.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/brasses/), with six occurrences pre-1600, the earliest of which was 1400. Cameron is a header form in Black, which lists a John Cameron, 1434. de Buchanan is also found in Black (s.n. Buchanan), with a Walter de Buchanan dated to 1373.

According to Black, Buchanan is a district in Stirlingshire. The mention of Walter de Buchanan was from Cartularium comitatus de Levenax ab initio seculi decem tertii usque de annum 1398, published in Ediburgh in 1833 (http://books.google.com/books?id=4bhYAAAAMAAJ). When I checked this source, I found that we had the following: Mauritio de Buchquhanane (not specifically dated), Waltero de Buchanan (and Waltero domino de Buchanan) (1373), and Waltero de Buchanane (1394). Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "Index of Scots names found in Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/scots/dost/buchanan.html), lists two instances of of Buchanane dated to 1473-4 and 1474. As there appears to be variation in the spelling of the byname, I am forwarding the name without changes.

The device is clear of Meadhbh Daingen int Slébhe (10/1999, Outlands), Per bend sinister sable and azure, a bend sinister engrailed between a wolf's head erased and a thistle, a bordure argent, with one CD for number of primaries, one for type of primaries (straight line versus engrailed), and one for removing the peripheral charge.

41: Matthias Grünewald - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Per bend sinister sable and purpure, a comet bendwise sinister and a unicorn statant contourny argent

The submitter desires a male name. Culture (Austrian Landsknecht region) most important. Both Matthias and Grünewald are documented using Bahlow, Unsere Vornamen im Wandel der Jahrhunderte, s.n. Matthias (p. 73), which lists a M. Grünewald, Meister des Isenheimer Altars 1515.

Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "German Names from 1495" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/german/german1495.html), lists the spellings Mathis, Mathias and Matthis, supporting the requested spelling of the given name. Green Anchor made the case that the painter Matthias Grünewald (c. 1480-1528) is important enough to protect, as he has his own entry in the Encyclopedia Britannica (s.n. Mathias Grunewald), and because Paul Hindemith wrote an opera and a symphony about him, both titled Mathis der Maler ('Mathias the Painter'). Whether he is prominent enough to be protected is up to Pelican to decide.

42: Meadhbh bean mhic Brádaigh - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Argent, a sun and on a chief wavy sable two triquetrae argent

The submitter desires a female name. No major changes. Language (Irish Gaelic) most important. Meadhbh is the standard modern Irish form of <Maeve>, but was found in period according to Academy of Saint Gabriel reports no. 1649 and 1377:

The acceptance of Malie bean mhic Aoidh mentioned above included examples of 'wife' from the Irish Annals: Grane ingen Meic Magnusa ben Meic Diarmada (Connacht 1320.2), Grainne inghean Meic Magnusa ben Meic Diarmata (Four Masters M1320.2), Gráinne inghen Mic Magnusa, ben Mic Diarmada (Loch Cé LC1320.1), and Margrec ingen Uater a Burcc ben meic Feidlim (Connacht 1364.7). Commenters thought that Meadhbh bean Mhecc Bradaigh and Meadhbh bean Meg Bradaigh would be appropriate. In the acceptance of Afraig bean mhic Fhearghuis (01/2003, East), it was stated that the byname [ben mhic Fhearghuis] was changed "to the completely Early Modern Gaelic form bean mhic Fhearghuis in order to meet the submitter's request for authenticity and to register this name." As such, I am willing to give the submitted spelling the benefit of the doubt.

The device is clear of Ruslan Novgorodcev (01/1992, East), Argent, a sun in his splendor and on a chief sable three mullets argent. There is one CD for the difference in the line of the chief, and another for the difference in type and number of the tertiary charges.

43: Meadhbh bean mhic Brádaigh and Bran mac Brádaigh - New Badge forwarded

Argent, a sun between two scarpes gemel sable

Meadhbh's and Bran's names and devices are submitted above.

This badge is clear of Caitilín ingen ui Dálaig (01/2005, An Tir), Argent, a sun sable and on a chief azure three frets couped argent. There are three CDs for the changes in type, number, and tincture of secondary charge, and another for removing the tertiary charges. It is clear of Cecilia of Lindley, registered in 04/1985 (West), Argent, a sun sable eclipsed Or, on a chief embattled azure, three roses argent, with three CDs for the changes in type, number, and tincture of secondary charge, and two CDs for removing the two tertiary charge groups (the eclipsing and the roses). The badge is also clear of Lina Carville (06/2002, Ealdormere), Argent, a sun in his splendor sable within a bordure sable semy of moons in their plenitude argent, with two CDs for changing the type and number of secondary charge, and a third for the removal of the tertiary charges. The badge is clear of Sol Tizona (07/2004, Northshield), Argent, a sun between a chief enarched and a base sable. There are two CDs for changing the type and number of secondary charge. It is clear of Alison MacLeod, registered for Muiriath Úathach (12/2000, Atlantia), Argent, a sun in his splendor within an orle of mullets sable, with CDs for changing the type and number of secondary charge (Muiriath's orle was made up of eight mullets). There is no CD between a sun and a sun in splendor. Lastly, the badge is Corvus Blackthorne (11/1991, East), Argent, a sun sable within a bordure counter-compony argent and sable. There are three CDs for changing the type, number, and tincture (sable and argent to all sable) of secondary charge.

44: Mechthild Welandsdochter - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Argent, two maces in saltire and on a chief gules three snails argent

The submitter desires a female name. No major changes. Meaning (Old English - 'Battle-might/strength' & 'smith's daughter') most important. Mechthild is found in Talan Gwynek, "Medieval German Given Names from Silesia" (http://heraldry.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/bahlow_v.htm), s.n. Mathilda, dated 1330. Welandsdochter is a byname based on the Old German Weland, found in R&W (s.n. Wayland, p. 479), and the Old English -dochtor 'daughter'. The submitter is willing to change the byname as needed to be compatible with the spelling 'Weland'.

Mechthild is dated to 1330 and 1361 in Talan's article, and is also found s.n. Ma[e]chthilt in Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "German Names from Rottweil, Baden-Württemberg, 1441" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/german/rottweil1441.html). Lastly, it is found in Bahlow/Gentry (s.n. Mechtold), where it is identified as a saint's name (the mystic Mechthild of Magdeburg, c. 1230). John Weland is found in R&W, dated 1194.

The submitter seems to want Welandsdochtor to mean that she is the child of the legendary/supernatural Weland the Smith. At this time, Weland (or Wayland) is not registerable by precedent:

[Weland Fogeater of Yulewood, 08/1986] Weland or Wayland was "A wonderful and invisible smith of English legend...a supernatural smith and king of the elves." (Benét 1193) As a given name, we consider it to be "famous and unique" within the intent of RFS VI.4; it may not be used.

That being said, if such a patronym was used by normal humans in period, its use is allowed [Thjodric Thorsson, 01/1996]. Elmet noted that Wayland is an English place name, not a personal name, based on the entry in Bardsley (s.n. Wayland). As such, it is likely that the instance of Weland in R&W cited in the submission uses the unmarked locative byname, making this example irrelevant for the purposes of this submission. In Germany, however, Mathias Weland is found in Bahlow/Gentry, s.n. Wieland, dated to 1374, along with Wieland der Schmied (1341), Master Wiland (1333), and Konrad Wielant (1301). Wiland (1333, 1341) and Wyland (c. 1320) are found in Talan's article (cited above). Therefore, a patronym based on Weland should be registerable in German. One instance of the pattern <father's name + s + dochtor> was found in Hamburg (Low German dialect) in Aryanhwy's "Women's Surnames in 15th- and 16th-Century Germany" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/german/womenssurnames.html). Therefore, Welandsdochtor should be registerable as well, although Mechthild Welandin, Mechthild Welandyn, Mechthild Welands, or Mechthild Welanden would be more common according to "Women's Surnames in 15th- and 16th-Century Germany".

45: Moire MacGraha - New Name forwarded

The submitter desires a female name. No major changes. Sound ('Maura' + Mac-Graha) most important. Moire is found in entry 6541 (p. 252) of "The Seventeenth Report of the Deputy Keeper of the Public Records in Ireland: Appendix III: Fiants of the Reign of Queen Elizabeth" (Dublin: Alex. Thom. & Co., 1885; http://books.google.com/books?id=NSwNAAAAYAAJ). This entry includes Moire nyn Dermott on a list of people pardoned on 30 May 1601. MacGraha is found in Woulfe, s.n. Mag Rat.a (Mag Ratha), p. 425, which lists the scribal abbreviation M'Graha. This Anglicized Irish surname is dated temp. Elizabeth I or James I according to Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "16th & 17th Century Anglicized Irish Surnames from Woulfe" (http://www.medievalscotland.org/kmo/Woulfe/). The submitter is aware that there is a possible aural conflict with Moire nic Greagair (08/1999, East).

Commenters thought there was a possible aural conflict with Moira MacGregor (10/1999, Outlands) and with Maura McCrery (11/1995, Atlantia).

46: Mor ingen Conchobair - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Per chevron sable and azure, a chevron argent ermined azure between two pawprints and a wolf statant argent

The submitter desires a female name. No major changes. Language and culture (10th century Irish) most important. Both Mor and Conchobair are both found in Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index of Names in Irish Annals" (http://www.medievalscotland.org/kmo/AnnalsIndex/), under the standard forms Mór and Conchobar. Mór is the name of 41 women in the Annals in entries for years 916-1599. The submitted spelling is same in Middle Irish Gaelic and Early Modern Irish Gaelic (http://www.medievalscotland.org/kmo/AnnalsIndex/Feminine/Mor.shtml). Conchobair is the name of 40 men in the Annals, years 706-1603. The submitted spelling is the Old Irish Gaelic and Middle Irish Gaelic genitive form of the name (http://www.medievalscotland.org/kmo/AnnalsIndex/Masculine/Conchobar.shtml). The name pattern of <given name> + ingen 'daughter' + <father's name in genitive case> is documented from Sharon Krossa, "Quick and Easy Gaelic Names" (http://www.medievalscotland.org/scotnames/quickgaelicbynames/). The spelling of ingen is appropriate prior to 1200. There is one step from period practice for the use of pawprints.

The complexity count for the device is seven, under the rule-of-thumb limit of eight.

47: Muirenn ingen Bróen meic Ríáin - New Name forwarded

The submitter desires a female name. No major changes. The client requests authenticity for 5th to 10th century Irish. Language and culture (Irish) most important. Muirenn is a feminine given name found in Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index of Names in Irish Annals" (http://www.medievalscotland.org/kmo/AnnalsIndex/Feminine/Muirenn.shtml), which states that this is the standard Old Irish Gaelic and Middle Irish Gaelic form of the name. It is the name of six women in the Annals, years 643-979. Bróen is a masculine given name (ibid., http://www.medievalscotland.org/kmo/AnnalsIndex/Masculine/Broen.shtml) identified as the standard Old Irish Gaelic nominative form. It was the name of one man in the Annals, year 850. The name should be in the genitive case, but the article does not provide that information. Any assistance correcting the form of the name is appreciated. Ríáin is the standard Middle Irish Gaelic genitive form of the name (ibid., http://www.medievalscotland.org/kmo/AnnalsIndex/Masculine/Rian.shtml). It was the name of three men in the Annals, years 895-1016. The two-generational patronymic name pattern of <given name> + ingen 'daughter' + <father's name in genitive case> + meic '(of) son' + <grandfather's name in genitive case> is documented from Sharon Krossa, "Quick and Easy Gaelic Names" (http://www.medievalscotland.org/scotnames/quickgaelicbynames/). The spellings of ingen and meic are appropriate prior to 1200.

It is not clear whether the combination of Old Irish and Middle Irish is a step from period practice or not. In addition, "The Spelling of Lenited Consonants in Gaelic" by Sharon L. Krossa (http://www.medievalscotland.org/scotlang/lenition.shtml) says that names beginning with "B" and "R" did not change in spelling when put into the genitive form before 1200.

48: Nergis bint Mustafa - New Name forwarded

The submitter desires a female name. No major changes. The client requests authenticity for late 16th century Ottoman Turkish. Sound ("ner-geese") most important. Both Nergis and Mustafa are Muslim given names found in Ursula Georges, "Sixteenth Century Turkish Names" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/ursula/ottoman/). The names in this article were originally compiled from court records written in Turkish using an Arabic script, dated 1520-1530; however, the cited article used an English source that then transliterated the names using the conventions of modern Turkish. bint means 'daughter of' (ibid.)

According to Blue Tyger, the cited article list a Fatima bint Mustafa and a Nergis bint Abdullah, "so the submitted name looks authentic for 1520s Istambul court records (modulo whatever normalization the source may have introduced in its transcriptions)."

49: Nkante n gheren - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Argent, in annulo eight gouttes bases to center between in chief a pair of bull's horns sable, a base barry of eight sable and argent

The name was submitted as Nkante of the Hidden River. No specific gender requested. Sound (nkanta or nkant-ay) most important. Nkante appears as a name in the oral epic Sunjata (Bambo Suso et al., Penguin Classics, 1999, http://books.google.com/books?id=c0JD0sfi7fsC, lines 1940-3, p. 91), which is based on early 13th century events in the life of Sunjata (or Sundiata) Keita, the founder of the West African Mali empire:

of the Hidden River is intended as a locative byname in the form "of the X River" (using the lingua anglica rule). If that won't work, he'd be interested in Black, but will settle for "of the [presumably black] river".

The polyglot Mali empire was known in period by both the Arabs and Europeans, as shown by the writings of Ibn Battuta, who visited in 1352 ("Travels in Asia and Africa 1325-1354", translated and edited by H.A.R. Gibb, London: Broadway House, 1929; http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/1354-ibnbattuta.html) and the 1375 Catalan Atlas attributed to Abraham Cresques (Bibliotèque nationale de France; see relevant detail at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mansa_Musa.jpg). The atlas includes the trading city of Timbuktu ('Tenbuch') and text that supposedly translates to, "This Negro lord is called Musa Mali, Lord of the Negroes of Guinea. So abundant is the gold which is found in his country that he is the richest and most noble king in all the land".)

Most local documents from this area seem to have been written in Arabic, so we have very little information on period West African naming practices outside of Arabic contexts. Academy of Saint Gabriel Report no. 3178 (http://www.s-gabriel.org/3178) provides examples of names in Arabic contexts, and supports the combination of Arabic with Manding:

We found a number of inscriptions from archaeological sites in Mali which record medieval African names in Arabic contexts. Some of these names show the influence of Manding languages. For instance, we found the Manding word <Waa> or <Wa> in combination with a given name in several inscriptions (one example is <Waa Makkii bni Yuusuf>). We also found one man, <`Uma[r] Kumba>, using the Manding byname <Kumba> (literally, 'Big Head').

For the given name, multiple written versions of the Sunjata epic are now extant in various African languages; however, since the tale is based on an oral tradition, there's no way to know if this is how the name was found in period.

Commenters could not find documentation to support the byname of the Hidden River, even invoking the lingua anglica rule. The Niger River, however, was well known in period. Ibn Battuta stated that he had traveled by boat on the Niger, which he had called the Nile River (early scholars thought it was the same river), to the capital of Mali and the city of Timbuktu. The Tuareg Berbers around Timbuktu used the name gher n gheren 'river of rivers', according to Marq De Villiers and Sheila Hirtle, Timbuktu: The Sahara's Fabled City of Gold (Random House, Inc., 2007, p. 34, 45; http://books.google.com/books?id=8A6ujuTIdr4C). Another name for the river in the oral traditions, or at least for part of the river, is Djoliba or Jaliba (Andrew Massing, "The Mane, the Decline of Mali, and Mandinka Expansion towards the South Windward Coast", Cahiers d'études africaines 1985; 25(97):21-55; http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/cea_0008-0055_1985_num_25_97_2184). Djoliba is also the name of the city where Sunjata was born. The Niger is called Fl. Girin in the 1265 Tabula Peutingeriana (see the bottom right corner of http://www.euratlas.net/cartogra/peutinger/6_epirum/epirus_2_4.html); this possibly lends credence to the theory that 'Niger' is derived from the Tuareg phrase rather than the Latin for 'black'. It is found as Fl. Niger in Theatrum orbis terrarium by Abraham Ortelius (1570, Library of Congress; http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.gmd/g3200m.gct00003).

Some ancestors of Sunjata were listed with locative bynames in the translations of Epic of Sunjata, such as Faran Tunkara of Kuntunya and Tenen Mansa Konkon of Kirina (Sunjata: A West African Epic of the Mande Peoples, translated by David C. Conrad from narration by Djanka Tassey Condé, Hackett Publishing, 2004, p. 8; http://books.google.com/books?id=SlFSW3GKKZcC).

With the submitter's permission, I have changed the name to Nkante of n gheren 'Nkante of [the river of] rivers', based on a local name for the river. He preferred this form to alternatives such as Nkante of Djoliba or Nkante of Niger.

50: Óláfr Haraldsson - New Name forwarded & New Badge forwarded

Sable, a saltire bretessed between four mullets of four points, a bordure argent

The name was submitted as Oláfr Haraldsson. The submitter desires a male name. No major changes. The client requests authenticity for Viking-age Scandinavia. Culture (Viking-age Scandinavia) most important. Meaning (Harald's son) most important. Oláfr is found in Geirr Bassi, personal names, p. 13. Haraldsson, 'Harald's son', is from Haraldr (ibid., p. 11). The terminal -r has been changed to -s in order to form the genitive case of the name, then -son has been added (ibid., construction, p. 17).

The given name appears as Óláfr in Geirr Bassi, and Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "Viking Names found in Landnamabok" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/norse/landnamabok.html) states that it occurred 20 times. The name has been changed to Óláfr Haraldsson to maintain consistency in the use of accents.

The badge is clear of Aline Kinneir, registered in 02/2009 (East), Sable, on a saltire bretessed between four mullets of four points elongated to base argent, a thistle proper between four beech leaves palewise vert. There is one CD for removing the tertiary charges, and one for adding the bordure. It is also clear of Pavel Feodorovich Strelkov, registered in 05/1994 (Middle), Sable, on a saltire between four mullets argent four arrows, points to center sable, with one CD for the change from a saltire bretessed to one embattled bretessed, one CD for adding the bordure, and another for removing the tertiary charges.

51: Quinton MacGillivray - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Or, a one-eyed rabbit sejant erect guardant contourny sable, orbed gules, maintaining a sword, in base two rabbit's pawprints in chevron inverted, a bordure sable

The submitter desires a male name. No major changes. Meaning (spelling of byname) most important. Quinton is a male given name that appears once, dated 1559, in Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "English Given Names from 16th and Early 17th C Marriage Records" (http://heraldry.sca.org/names/english/parishes/parishes.html). MacGillivray is a header form in Black (p. 502), which includes M'Gillewra (1549), McIlvery (1541), and MacGillivray (1622). The use of pawprints is a step from period practice.

The combination of English and Scots is not a step from period practice [Michael Duncan of Hadley, 04/2004].

The device is clear of Annya af den Blå Kaninen (06/1981, Atenveldt), Or, a rabbit sejant to sinister azure within a bordure pean, with CDs for the tincture changes to the rabbit and the bordure, and the addition of the the secondary charges. Commenters noted a possible conflict with Ellyn Dawndelyon d'Azay (02/1990, West), Or, a coney rampant to sinister sable. This is not a conflict, as there is one CD for the addition of the bordure and another for the addition of the secondary charges.

52: Rainillt Leia de Bello Marisco - New Device Change forwarded

Per chevron sable semy-de-lys argent and sable, a chevron Or and in base a swan naiant argent

Old Item: Vert, two coneys combattant argent, to be retained.

Her name and device, Vert, two coneys combattant argent, were registered in 09/2003 via the East. Unfortunately, we had a relevant precedent:

We noted, however, that, if the field was a fur rather than a semy, this design would be acceptable:

"[Per chevron pean and sable, on a chevron Or ...] It was the consensus of the College that a divided field in which the two parts are tinctures that share the same background is allowable if there is an ordinary to aid in the separation of the two parts, though the practice is not documented. [Thorgrimr inn kyrri, 02/2001, Atlantia]"

To confuse matters, we have the acceptance without comment (other than an artist's note) of Tvoislava Michelovna (11/2009, Atenveldt), Per bend sinister argent and argent goutty de larmes, on a bend sinister azure three roses argent, in chief a threaded needle bendwise sinister inverted sable. This appeared to overturn the first 2001 precedent, but this was not explicitly stated. As such, I think that this device is now registerable, but appeal to Wreath to please clarify the matter for other submissions.

53: Rose le Marinier - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Azure, a lymphad, sail set and oars shipped, and on a base wavy argent a rose gules

The submitter desires a female name. No major changes. Sound (given name must sound like "Rose") most important. Language (French, if possible) most important. Rose is a feminine given name found in Withycombe, s.n. Rose, p. 258. This spelling was dated 1316. It is also the submitter's legal middle name, as attested by Eastern Crown. le Marinier is a byname found in R&W (s.n. Mariner, p. 290), with Hugo le marinier found in 1228. The submitter is willing to accept spelling changes as long as the sound of the first name is "rose". She will also accept feminization of the byname if needed. The name should be clear of Rose de Le Mans (05/1992, West) and Rose Marian of Edgewater (02/1986, East).

R&W includes other occupational bynames that fit this pattern: s.n. Cropper ('cropper or reaper'), Alice le Crappere (1315); s.n. Parker ('park keeper'), Claricia le Parkeres (1327), and s.n. Retter ('net-maker'), Alice le Retour (1279).

The device is clear of Solveig Hákonsdóttir (11/2007, Outlands), Azure, a drakkar argent between three roundels one and two, a base wavy Or. There is one CD for removing the rondels, another CD for the tincture of the base, and a third for the addition of a tertiary charge on the base. It is clear of Gwenhwyvar Ywein (07/1997, Atlantia), Azure, a lymphad and on a chief argent three loaves of brown bread proper, and An Loch, Shire of (04/2006, Ansteorra), Azure, a lymphad and on a chief wavy argent a laurel wreath vert, with one CD for changing the chief to a base, and another for the changes to the tertiary charges. The device is also clear of Haraldr Bassi (05/1993, East), Azure, a Viking longship paly argent and gules, a base argent. There is one CD for the difference in the tincture of the ship, another for the line of the base (wavy vs. straight), and another for the addition of a tertiary charge.

54: Rudolphus Nitriensis - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Azure, on the breast of a swan argent a rose proper

The submitter desires a male name. Sound (Rudolf) most important. Meaning ("of Nyitra") most important. Rudolphus is dated to 1276 (in a 1641 copy) as the name of a cleric in Fehértói Katalin, Árpád-kori személynévtár (Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 2004), s.n. Rodolphus. Other spellings (Radolfus, Rodolphus, etc.) are dated between 1203 and 1300. Nitriensis is a Latin adjective meaning "of/from Nyitra", dated to 1347 in Kázmér Miklós, Régi Magyar Családnevek Szótára (Magyar Nyelvtudományi Társaság, Budapest, 1993), found in the section on the derivation/motivation of the surname Nyitrai. Examples of locative adjectives are found in Fehértói (op. cit.) under Radolphus, e.g., Radulfo Borsiensi, 1214/1269.

55: Sarra the Lymner - New Badge forwarded

(Fieldless) A hedgehog proper

Her name was registered in 02/2003, and her device, Argent, in cross four hedgehogs contourny purpure, in 11/2006, both via the East. The default posture for a hedgehog is statant, and the default color is brown with a white face and belly (see the Glossary of Terms under 'urchin').

56: Séadna Reed of Ravengate - New Name Change forwarded

Old Item: Siobhan Reed, to be released.

The submitter desires a female name. No major changes. Sound ("Shay-na") most important. Her current primary name, Siobhan Reed, was registered in 08/2008 via the East. Séadna is from OC&M (s.n. Setna, p. 165), which states that there are 13 saints of this name, including St. Setna of Armagh (feast day March 9th). Reed is grandfathered to the submitter. Ravengate is a constructed locative based on Ravendale (1086), Ravenfield (1086), Southgate, etc., as found in Watts (pp. 493, 527, 561) and Ekwall (s.n. gata, p. 184).

According to Blue Tyger, Ekwall s.n. Ravendale has Ravenedal DB, Ravendala c1115, Estravendal 1254, and Westravendale 1219 'raven valley'. gata is identified as a Scandinavian word meaning 'road'. Under the header Galgate, there is Galwaithegate c1190, Galewethegate c1210 ('the Galway road'); under Holgate there's Holegate 1200, Holgate 1218 ('hollow road'), and s.n. Harrogate the header is dated 1512 along with Harlogate 1522 (from Harlow, the name of a nearby hill, and -gate, "in the north country sense 'right of pasturage for cattle, pasturage'"). Based on these, Ravengate seems to be a plausible spelling for such a constructed placename. The name combines English and Gaelic, which is a one step from period practice. [Damaris Baróid, 01/2005, Atenveldt]. Lastly, Green Anchor noted that the given name is male, per OC&M.

57: Siobhán in Scéith Girr - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Gules, a phoenix argent rising from flames Or and on a chief argent three salamanders gules enflamed proper

No gender specified. Sound (unspecified) most important. Meaning ('Siobhan of the Short Shield') most important. Siobhán is found in Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index of Names in Irish Annals" (http://www.medievalscotland.org/kmo/AnnalsIndex/Feminine/Siban.shtml). The submitted spelling is the Early Modern Irish form; 22 women had this name in the Annals, years 1310-1600. in Scéith Girr (ibid., http://www.medievalscotland.org/kmo/AnnalsIndex/DescriptiveBynames/inSceithGirr.shtml) is a masculine byname meaning '[of] the short shield' in Middle Irish. One man in the Annals had this name, 1055-1134. This name is one step from period practice for the lingual mix of Middle and Early Modern Irish. The submitter stated that any changes to the byname were acceptable, but will not allow changes to the given name.

Commenters were not sure if the byname needs to be lenited, based on "Quick and Easy Gaelic Names (3rd Ed.)" by Sharon Krossa (http://www.medievalscotland.org/scotnames/quickgaelicbynames/#descriptivebyname).

The device is clear of Charles Smokeater (08/1979, West), Gules, a phoenix argent issuant from flames proper, on a chief embattled azure, fimbriated Or, a battle-axe reversed Or. There is one CD for the change to the color of the chief, one for the change from a complex-line to plain-line chief, and another for the changes to the tertiary charges. It is clear of Eadweard Halistan (12/1982, Atlantia), Gules, a phoenix argent on a chief indented azure, fimbriated argent, a decrescent Or, with one CD for the change of color of the chief, one for the plain line versus complex line of the chief, and one for the changes to the tertiary charges. Lastly, it is clear of Magnús Slembidjákn (11/2006, Artemisia), Gules, a phoenix argent rising from flames proper and in chief a compass rose Or. There is one CD for the change from a compass rose to a chief, one for the change in tincture of the secondary charge, and one for adding the tertiary charges.

58: Thallos Alexios - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Argent, a tree issuant from base vert and on a chief wavy azure a demi-sun issuant from the line of division Or

Sound (unspecified) most important. No particular gender requested. Thallos, Greek Θαλλος (Theta alpha lambda lamda omicron sigma), is the name of a writer c. 55 CE. It was documented from Robert Van Voorst, Jesus Outside the New Testament: An Introduction to the Ancient Evidence http://books.google.com/books?id=lwzliMSRGGkC&pg=PA20&dq=Thallos+historian#v=onepage&q=Thallos%20historian&f=false). Alexios, Greek Αλεξιος (Alpha lambda epsilon xi iota omicron sigma), is the masculine name of a Greek comic poet, and a common descriptive. Unfortunately, photocopies of the sources were not provided at Heralds Point. One of the consulting heralds was contacted as requested on the form to provide more information:

The Anglicized form Alexis is also found in the Encyclopedia Britannica (1911 edition). The documentation appears to show that Thallos and Alexios are both given names. The Lexicon of Greek Personal Names (LGPN; http://www.lgpn.ox.ac.uk/names/practices.html) supports the use of patronymics in ancient Greek naming, stating that, "The patronymic generally took the form of the father's name in the genitive case: AlexandroV Filippou 'Alexander son of Philip'; but in areas of the Aeolic dialect (the island of Lesbos and the facing coast of Asia Minor, and Thessaly and Boiotia on the mainland) the patronymic also took the form of an adjective derived from the father's name, AlexandroV FilippeioV. This usage occurs in the poems of Homer: AiaV TelamwnioV 'Ajax the son of Telamon'. (A second form found in Homer, in which the father's name is given a termination with patronymic force '-ides' (Ektwr PriamidhV 'Hector son of Priam') survived in the historical period but as an independent name-form deprived of patronymic force.)." From some of the examples on that site (transcribed by Blue Tyger), commenters thought that the byname might be correctly formed: Alexandros Filippou, Alesandros Filippeios, Aias Telemonios, and Ektor Priamides. In addition, the LGPN (http://www.lgpn.ox.ac.uk/publications/index.html) includes Alexios (LGPN I, III.A, IV) and Thallos (LGPN I, II, III.A, III.B, IV).

59: Tommaltach MacFhiachach - New Device forwarded

Sable, in bend two lions statant, each crowned with a pearled coronet Or

His name was registered in 04/1990 via the East. He became a court baron on 09/01/2001. This submission was originally lost in kingdom, the kingdom is covering his fee (per Brigantia); the submission is being entered as a new submission because it is new to Laurel.

The device is clear of Cynan Gould (03/1999, East), Quarterly azure and argent, in bend two lions rampant Or, with one CD for changing the field and another for the change in posture of the lions. It is also clear of Kane Greymane (04/1988, West), Sable, in pale two lions couchant Or, crined argent. There is one CD for the posture change and another for the change from in pale to in bend.

60: Tressach an Bhogha - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Or, on a chevron inverted cotissed gules a rose argent, barbed and seeded proper

The submitter has no desire as to gender. Sound (Tracey, Tressach) most important. Tressach is a masculine given name found as a header in OC&M (p. 173). It also appears as the name of three men in the Irish Annals, years 884-969. The submitted spelling is the standard nominative form in both Old Irish Gaelic and Middle Irish Gaelic, according to Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index of Names in Irish Annals" (http://www.medievalscotland.org/kmo/AnnalsIndex/Masculine/Tressach.shtml). an Bhogha, 'of the bow', is based on the 11/2003 LoAR [Seamus an Bhogha Bhearnaigh Mac an t'Saoi]:

The submitter would appreciate assistance making the name linguistically compatible, but wants the given name to be as close to 'Tracey' as she can get.

Elmet noted that bynames based on weapons also appear in Mari's Index: in Gai Bernaig ([of] the Broken Spear), in Gai Móir ([of] the Large Spear), and na Tuaighe ([of] the Axe/Battle-Axe/Hatchet). The combination of the Old or Middle Irish Gaelic Tressach with the Early Modern Irish Gaelic byname is one step from period practice [Ciarán mac Gaoithín, 01/2005, Æthelmearc].

One commenter noted that the chevron should be narrower and the rose smaller, but I think that this is worthy of an artist's note only, and am forwarding the device.

61: Vivienne farmaðr - New Name forwarded & New Device forwarded

Purpure, an ermine statant proper, a chief rayonny ermine

The submitter desires a female name. The client requests authenticity for 800-1000 CE. Meaning (last name: seafarer) most important. Vivienne is based on the male given name Vivien, found in Colm Dubh, "An Index to the Given Names in the Paris Census of 1292" (http://heraldry.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/paris.html). The submitted name is the expected feminine form of Vivien, which appears on the list, following the pattern of Jehan/Jehan(n)e, Tyecelin/Tyeceline, and Simon/Simonne (ibid.). farmaðr is from Geir Bassi, p. 21, and also appears as the byname of one person in Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "Viking Bynames found in the Landnámabók" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/norse/vikbynames.html). The combination of French and Old Norse is one step from period practice [Juste ormstunga, 07/2006, A-Atlantia].

Elmet noted that other pairs from Colm Dubh's article support the -nne ending for female names: Alain/Alainne, Ascelin/Ascelinne, Galien/Galienne, Germain/Germainne, and Julien/Julienne. Commenter noted that -maðr is a masculine extension, but were not sure if this particular byname needed to be changed in order to match the gender of the given name.

The device is clear of Felycia Flauter (05/1992, Middle), Purpure, an otter passant within a bordure argent, with one CD for the change of type of the secondary charge, and one for changing the tincture of the secondary charge from argent to ermine.

62: Zillah al-Ṣaghīra al-Ḥurra - New Name forwarded

The submitter desires a female name. Sound (Zih-lah) most important. Zillah is a biblical feminine name (the wife of Lamech mentioned briefly in Genesis 4:19 and 4:23), and according to the consulting herald might be justified as Jewish or late period (Puritan) English. al-Ṣaghīra is a descriptive byname meaning 'the small'; the masculine form al-Ṣagīr is found in Juliana de Luna, "Arabic Names from al-Andalus" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/juliana/alandalus/). al-Ḥurra is a descriptive feminine byname meaning 'free' (ibid.).

Juliana's article also mentions that biblical names were used as isms (given names), so this supports the name Zillah with the otherwise Arabic name. Current precedent is that names from the Bible are generally registerable for languages/cultures where Biblical names are found in the naming pool, even if evidence of the use of a particular name is not documented [Jerusha Kilgour 04/2007, A-Meridies]. The use of more than one nickname is also supported: "A person may have more than one name of this type; in everyday life they are generally called by only one at a time, though more than one nickname may be found in formal written settings." (ibid.) Feminization of given names (isms) by adding -a or -ah is discussed in Da'ud ibn Auda, "Period Arabic Names and Naming Practices" (http://heraldry.sca.org/laurel/names/arabic-naming2.htm, and his examples of feminine cognomens include two ending in -ah. As such, the feminization of al-Ṣaghīr seems plausible.

Bibliography:

Bahlow, Hans (transl. Edda Gentry). Deutsches Nameslexikon.

Bardsley, Charles. A Dictionary of English and Welsh Surnames.

Black, George F. The Surnames of Scotland.

Ekwall, Eilert. The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-names.

[Geirr Bassi] Geirr Bassi Haraldsson. The Old Norse Name.

Morgan, T.J., and Prys Morgan. Welsh Surnames.

[Morlet Dictionnaire] Morlet, Marie-Thérèse. Dictionnaire Étymologique de Noms de Famille.

[OC&M] Ó Corrain, Donnchadh & Maguire, Fidelma. Irish Names

[OED] Oxford English Dictionary.

[R&W] Reaney, P.H. and R. M. Wilson. A Dictionary of English Surnames. 3rd edn.

Searle, William George. Onomasticon Anglo-Saxonicum.

Watts, Victor, ed. Cambridge Dictionary of English Place-Names, Based on the Collections of the English Place-Name Society.

Withycombe, E.G. Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names. 3rd edn.

Woulfe, Patrick. Sloinnte Gaedheal is Gall: Irish Names and Surnames.