July 8, 2012 East Kingdom Internal Letter of Decisions (issued 12 Aug 2012)

Alys Mackyntoich
eastern.crown@eastkingdom.org

12 August 2012

Unto to East Kingdom College of Heralds, upon the Feast of Saint Clare, greetings and every good thing! Here is the Letter of Decisions for the July 8, 2012 Internal Letter of Intent. The original text from the iLoI is bolded, and is followed by my comments in unbolded text. Note that the submissions are being evaluated under the new Standards for Evaluation of Names and Armory (S.E.N.A.).

Thank you to the following commenters: Ursula Georges, Jeanne Marie Lacroix, Gawain of Miskbridge, Joscelin le esqurel, Tanczos Istvan, Erec le Clair, Lillia de Vaux, Brunissende Dragonette, Solveig Throndardottir, Abdullah ibn Harun, Magnus von Lübeck, Andreas von Meißen, Mari ingen Briain meic Donnchada, Marie de Blois, Gunnvor silfraharr, Fridrikr Tomasson, Aryanhwy merch Catmael, Irayari Vairavi, Gisela vom Kreuzbach, Donovan Shinnock and Jaelle.

Your servant,
Alys Mackyntoich
Eastern Crown Herald

1: Alric de Bera - New Name Forwarded and New Device Forwarded

Argent, a bear rampant and a base indented vert.

Alric is a masculine given name appearing in R&W s.n. Aldrich as a given name with this spelling dated to 1066 and as a surname in this spelling dated to 1346.

de Bera is a surname appearing in R&W s.n. Bear dated to 1168.

Commenters felt that this name is clear of Alric Berard (January 2009 via Atlantia) with two syllables of difference under S.E.N.A. The device is clear of Thorvald of Vulkanfeld (November of 1987 via An Tir): Or, a bear rampant, maintaining an axe, within a bordure embattled vert, with one difference for the change in tincture of the field and a second different for a bordure vs. a base.

2: Alys Mackyntoich - New Heraldic Title Forwarded

Ogress Herald

The submitter was made a herald extraordinary by the Brigantia Principal Herald and the Crown of the East on June 23, 2012.

An ogress is a heraldic charge. A Glossary of Terms used in Heraldry by James Parker s.n. ogress lists this as another name for a pellet or a sable roundel. Parker s.n. pellet states:
Pellet, or gunstone, (fr. ogresse, but more frequently torteau de sable) is a roundlet sable. The term pellet, spelt in various ways, is found in ancient rolls, and is used by Chaucer, e.g. 'as suyfte as a pellet out of a gonne.' Hence, perhaps, the later name gunstone. The word ogress, borrowed from the French, is also found used by English heralds.
Parker gives as examples the arms of Clarke, Argent, on a bend gules between three ogresses as many swans proper, and Langley Argent, a fess sable, in chief three ogresses. The pattern of heraldic titles based on heraldic charges is confirmed by numerous precedents. See, e.g., Sail Herald, Trimaris, Kingdom of, 01/02, A-Trimaris; Ounce Herald, An Tir, Kingdom of, 01/02, A-An Tir. In addition, "Heraldic Titles from the Middle Ages and Renaissance: Overview" by Julia Smith (http://medievalscotland.org/jes/HeraldicTitles/) showing heraldic titles based on charge names to be the second most common pattern.

The OED has a citation for the heraldic term ogress from 1572.

3: Berric Grayveson - New Badge Returned

(Fieldless) A lantern sable.

This badge was pended on the February 21, 2012 LoD for conflict with Thomas Ouswood (Feb. 2011, Æthelmearc), (Fieldless) A lantern sable, candle enflamed vert. Attempts to contact Thomas Ouswood to obtain permission to conflict have been unsuccessful. Therefore, I have no choice but to return the badge.

4: Carillion, Barony of - New Order Name Forwarded

Order of the Beacon of Carillion

This order name follows the pattern of naming orders after objects or heraldic charges found in "Medieval Secular Order Names" by Juliana de Luna (http://heraldry.sca.org/laurel/names/order/new/). A beacon is a standard heraldic charge. A Glossary of Terms used in Heraldry by James Parker, s.n. Beacon, identifies "A beacon or, inflamed proper" as a badge of Henry V.

The word "beacon" is found in Shakespeare's Henry IV, Part II (1597), in a monologue by Falstaff in Act IV, scene 3:
The second your excellent sherris is the warming of the blood; which cold and settled, left the liver white and pale, which is the badge of pusillanimity and cowardice; but the sherris warms and makes it course from the inwards to the parts extremes; illumineth the face, which, as a beacon, gives warning to all rest of this little kingdom, man, to arm; and then the vital commoners and inland petty spirits muster me all to their captain, the heart, who, great and puff'd up with this doth any deed of courage--and this valour comes of sherris.
Under S.E.N.A. NPN.3.C, the addition of the phrase of Carillion means that this order name does not conflict with Beacon Principal Herald, registered to the Kingdom of Meridies in March 1978.

5: Carillion, Barony of - New Order Name Forwarded

Order of the Gules Bell

The April 2012 Cover Letter states: "we are hereby allowing the use of heraldic color terms in order names as well as the everyday terms. However, no convincing evidence has been presented for the use of non-heraldic color names, including the names for particular shades of a color, like scarlet or crimson." Based on this ruling, the Barony withdrew the Order Name Order of the Crimson Bell, which appeared on the East's June 2, 2012 ILoI, and has re-submitted the name as the Order of the Gules Bell. The Barony will also accept Order of the Bell Gules if that is more appropriate. This order name follows the pattern of [color] + [charge] found in "Medieval Secular Order Names" by Juliana de Luna (http://heraldry.sca.org/laurel/names/order/new/). The Middle English Dictionary s.n. belle contains examples of the use of the term "bell" in period:

a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3) 12193: A chim or brasin bell..noþer can vnderstand ne tell Wat takens þair aun sune.
?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982) 102/17: He knyllez a lytill bell [OF clokette] of siluer þat he hase in his hand.

If registered, this name should be associated with the badge (Fieldless) a bell gules which was submitted by the Barony and appears on the East's June 2, 2012 ILoI

6: Carillion, Barony of - New Order Name Forwarded

Order of Sante Ruprecht

This Order Name follows the pattern of naming orders after saints, identified as the second most common pattern in "Medieval Secular Order Names" by Juliana de Luna (http://heraldry.sca.org/laurel/names/order/new/)

Ruprecht is found s.n. Ruprecht dated to c.1390, 1396 in "Medieval German Given Names from Silesia" by Talan Gwynek (http://heraldry.sca.org/laurel/names/bahlow_v.htm).

The spelling Saint appears in 17th century German surnames found in the IGI Parish Records extracts, suggesting that this is an acceptable late-period German spelling for the term saint. Commenters with a greater knowledge of German are asked to provide advice.
WILHELM SAINT Male Christening 20 Nov 1629 Evangelisch, Moers, Rheinland, Prussia Batch: C955341
MARGARETA SAINT Female Marriage 1628 Evangelisch, Moers, Rheinland, Prussia Batch: M954504
Otherwise, Juliana's article provides the following example of a German order named after a Saint: geselschaft sante Georgen - 'Society of saint George' -1381 German Kruse et al. Based on this example, the Barony will accept the Order of Sante Ruprecht if necessary for registration.

Whether or not there was an actual Saint Ruprecht does not affect registration; the use of fictional saints in Order names is recognized by precedent:

Several commenters noted that the College cannot canonize new saints. However, we feel that registering a name that uses the descriptive Saint does not do this, but rather follows a well documented medieval tradition of local shrines and saints who may or may not be recognized by the hierarchy in Rome. In addition, this would not be the first such registration; the College of St. Bunstable, a group name formed from a fictional saint's name, was registered in August 1981, and in August 1990, the College of Saint Joan was registered although Joan of Arc was not canonized until 1920. While philosophically, it is certainly better recreation to use a real-life saint's name when using this model to create an order name, there is no reason why these sorts of construction should not be allowed the same latitude allowed by our rules for other constructed names. The name William the Cooper is a well-formed English name whose elements can all be documented to period, therefore Saint William the Cooper is an expected construction. [Caer Galen, Barony of. Order name Order of Saint William the Cooper, 7/2006 LoAR, A-Outlands]

Submitted as the Order of Saint Ruprecht, commenters were unable to find support for Saint as a term in period German. The name has been changed to Sante Ruprecht based on the pattern seen in Juliana's article.

Commenters questioned the use of the English Order of with the German saint's name. S.E.N.A. NPN1.B.2 permits this form:

2. Order and Award Designators: The designators for order names must follow a documented pattern for medieval order names. The standard designators are Order and Award. Any pattern suitable for one such designator is suitable for the other. These designators may take the lingua Anglica form, using the forms above regardless of the language of the substantive phrase. Alternately, they may take the language of the substantive element. A list of some translations of these designators is listed in Appendix E. In general, designators which are used for household and association names cannot be used for orders and awards.
For example, either Order of the Levrier or Ordre du Levrier is registerable for the meaning 'order of the hound', but Order du Levrier and Ordre of the Levrier are not; in each one, the preposition and article do not match the language of the designator.

Commenters noted that Rupert of Salzburg was a real saint from late 600s Austria (http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13229a.htm).

7: Çinara Ardan - New Name Forwarded and New Device Forwarded

Or goutty de vin, a dance purpure.

Both name elements are found in "Basque Onomastics of the Eighth to Sixteenth Centuries," by Karen Larsdatter (http://www.larsdatter.com/basque/).

Çinara appears as a female given name dated to 1366 (http://www.larsdatter.com/basque/1bc.htm). Ardan appears as a byname meaning "wine" s.n. Ardan dated to 1137 (http://www.larsdatter.com/basque/appendix3.htm#F).

Although the gouts appear very black in the scan, they were colored with Crayola purple marker.

The submitter prefers the blazon goutty de vin for the cant on her byname.

8: Dalla Óláfs kona - New Blanket Permission to Conflict Forwarded

I [redacted], known in the SCA as Dalla Olafskona, waive the full protection of my registered name, "Dalla Óláfs kona." I grant permission to any future submitter to register a name that is not identical to my registered name. I understand that this permission can be withdrawn by written notice to the Laurel Sovereign of Arms, but that conflicting items registered while it is in force will remain registered.

Dated 1 July 2012

Signed with legal name.

9: Dalla Óláfs kona - New Blanket Permission to Conflict Forwarded

I, [redacted] known in the SCA as Dalla Olafskona, waive the full protection of my registered armory "Per fess wavy azure and sable, a demi-sun issuant from the line of division Or and an open book argent, a bordure Or." I grant permission to any future submitter to register armory that is at leaset one countable step different from my registered armory. I understand that this permission can be withdrawn by written notice to the Laurel Sovereign of Arms, but that conflicting items registered while it is in force will remain registered.

Dated 1 July 2012

Signed with legal name.

10: Díarmaid Ó Bríain - New Name and New Device Forwarded

Azure, a pall inverted argent hurty between three cups argent.

Diarmaid is the standard Early Modern Irish Gaelic nominative form of a masculine given name found in "Index of Names in Irish Annals" by Mari ingen Briain (http://medievalscotland.org/kmo/AnnalsIndex/Masculine/Diarmait.shtml). Note that the form in the "Index" does not contain an accent over the first 'i'. Briain is the standard Early Modern Irish gentive form of a masculine given name found in Mari's "Index" (http://medievalscotland.org/kmo/AnnalsIndex/Masculine/Brian.shtml). Note that the form given in the "Index" does not contain an accent over the first 'i'. The name was submitted with acute accents over the first 'i' in Diarmaid and the first 'i' in Brian. However, the submitter was unable to provide evidence supporting the accents, and has requested our assistance in documenting these forms. The submitter is willing to drop all of the accents in the name if necessary for registration. This is a standard clan affiliation style byname as set out in "Quick and Easy Gaelic Names," by Sharon Krossa (http://medievalscotland.org/scotnames/quickgaelicbynames/#clanaffiliationbyname). Mari's "Index" shows that Brian was used as a given name during the Middle Irish period (roughly c. 900 - c. 1200). (http://medievalscotland.org/kmo/AnnalsIndex/Masculine/Brian.shtml). Therefore, under the precepts set out in the April 2012 Cover Letter, a clan affiliation byname Ó Briain is registerable.

The accents requested by the submitter appear to be supported by the Annals of Loch Cé:

Díarmaid Riabach mac Eogain mic Taidhg Mic Diarmada appears in entry 1570.1 of the Annals of Loch Cé (http://www.ucc.ie/celt/online/G100010B/text011.html). Diarmaid appears in other portions of the same entry without the accent.

Brí:an appears in entry 1014.3 of the Annals of Loch Cé (http://www.ucc.ie/celt/online/G100010A.html)
Murchadh Oc mac Mathghamhna, damhna righ Corca Bascinn, do marbhadh la Sil m-Bríain appears in entry 1359.5 of the Annals of Loch Cé (http://www.ucc.ie/celt/online/G100010B.html)

Based on these examples, I believe the accent marks requested by the submitter may be reasonable. Therefore I am forwarding the name with the requested accents.

Commenters universally suggested that the pall needed to be redrawn to be fatter with fewer hurts. Eastern Crown will see about arranging a redraw.

11: Étaín ingen Fháeláin - New Name Forwarded

Étaín is a Middle Irish Gaelic feminine name found in Mari ingen Briain's "Index of Names in Irish Annals" (http://medievalscotland.org/kmo/AnnalsIndex/Feminine/Etain.shtml) with Annals dates of 1104, 1188.

Fháeláin is the genitive and lenited form of the Middle Irish given name Fáelán found in OCM s.n. Fáelán, where it is stated to be the name of three kinds of Leinster between the 7th and 9th centuries, and in Mari's "Index" (http://medievalscotland.org/kmo/AnnalsIndex/Masculine/Faelan.shtml) with relevant Annals dates of 923, 940, 942, 951, 958, 964, 979, 980, 1010, 1033, 1041, 1042, 1051, 1063, 1069, 1128, 1161.

Originally submitted as Étaín ingen Fhaolán, that form impermissibly combined two different languages in a single name phrase. After consultation with the submitter, and with her express permission, Eastern Crown corrected the name to be entirely Middle Irish and to use the correct grammar.

After much discussion, the name was felt to be clear of Éadaoin ní Fhaoláin (May of 1991 via Atlantia) under S.E.N.A. based on the differences between ingen and ní. The names would not be clear under the RfS, because Étaín and Éadaoin are variations of the same name. There is no meaningful pronunciation difference between Étaín and Éadaoin.

12: Girsell MacLeoid - New Device Forwarded

Azure, an oak tree eradicated and in chief three triquetras, a bordure argent.

13: Irayari Vairavi - New Alternate Name Forwarded

Imigla Venture

Imigla is a female given name found in "Italian Names from Imola, 1312" by Aryanhwy merch Catmael (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/italian/imolafemalph.html).

Venture is a byname found in "Masculine Names from Thirteenth Century Pisa" by Juliana de Luna (http://heraldry.sca.org/laurel/names/pisa/pisa-bynames-alpha.html).

14: Iron Bog, Barony of - New Order Name Forwarded

Order of the Silver Martlet of Iron Bog

This order name follows the pattern of [color] + [charge] found in "Medieval Secular Order Names" by Juliana de Luna (http://heraldry.sca.org/laurel/names/order/new/).

The May 2008 Cover Letter states: "Silver in order and award names: The August 2005 cover letter says that "orders named for heraldic charges or for items that, while not found in period as heraldic charges, may be used as heraldic charges...may contain the ordinary color names of any heraldic tincture." This includes the use of Silver as the ordinary color name of argent." (http://heraldry.sca.org/loar/2008/05/08-05cl.html).

A martlet is a common heraldic charge. Parker's A Glossary of Terms Used in Heraldry s.n. martlet dates arms bearing martlets to the reigns of Henry III, Edward II and Edward III of England.

Under S.E.N.A. NPN.3.C, the addition of the phrase of Iron Bog clears any conflict with the Order of the Silver Martlet, registered to the Principality of Insula Draconis in December 2011 (via Drachenwald).

The OED dates the spelling "martlet" to 1596.

15: Iron Bog, Barony of - New Order Name Forwarded

Order of the Sable Martlet

This order name follows the pattern of [color] + [charge] found in "Medieval Secular Order Names" by Juliana de Luna (http://heraldry.sca.org/laurel/names/order/new/).

The April 2012 Cover Letter states: "[W]e are hereby allowing the use of heraldic color terms in order names as well as the everyday terms." Sable is the heraldic color name for black.

A martlet is a common heraldic charge. Parker's A Glossary of Terms Used in Heraldry s.n. martlet dates arms bearing martlets to the reigns of Henry III, Edward II and Edward III of England.

The OED dates the spelling "martlet" to 1596.

16: Iron Bog, Barony of - New Order Name Forwarded

Order of the Silver Gauntlet

This order name follows the pattern of [color] + [charge] found in "Medieval Secular Order Names" by Juliana de Luna (http://heraldry.sca.org/laurel/names/order/new/).

A gauntlet is a common heraldic charge, with examples listed in Parker's A Glossary of Terms Used in Heraldry s.n. gauntlet.

Commenters were unable to find evidence of the spelling "gauntlet" in period. However, the MED contains the following examples:

(1449) Metham AC (Gar 141) 991: Hys rerebracys and his gorget, Hys basenet and hys gauntelettys.
c1450 Lond.Chron.Cleo.(Cleo C.4) 150: Asshley had the vectory; for he reysed blood of the lord a forn sayd, in brekyng of the gantlett and reyseng of his vmbray.
(1463-4) Acc.Howard in RC 57 240: Item, in mendynge off gawntletys ij d.
(1465) Paston 4.169: Your gesseren and gaunteletts shall be send hom.
?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) Ctn.(Hrl 2261) 485: His horse was founde with his breste plate and gantelettes.
c1500(?a1475) Ass.Gods (Trin-C R.3.19) 346: Mynerue..all in curas clad, Gauntlettes on hyr handys, & sabatouns on hyr fete.

S.E.N.A. NPN.1.C.2.c permits the use of the Lingua Anglica Order of the Silver Gauntlet based on the upon examples.

17: Iron Bog, Barony of - New Order Name Forwarded

Order of the Sable Gauntlet

This order name follows the pattern of [color] + [charge] found in "Medieval Secular Order Names" by Juliana de Luna (http://heraldry.sca.org/laurel/names/order/new/).

The April 2012 Cover Letter states: "[W]e are hereby allowing the use of heraldic color terms in order names as well as the everyday terms." Sable is the heraldic color name for black.

A gauntlet is a common heraldic charge, with examples listed in Parker's A Glossary of Terms Used in Heraldry s.n. gauntlet.

Commenters were unable to find evidence of the spelling "gauntlet" in period. However, the MED contains the following examples:

(1449) Metham AC (Gar 141) 991: Hys rerebracys and his gorget, Hys basenet and hys gauntelettys.
c1450 Lond.Chron.Cleo.(Cleo C.4) 150: Asshley had the vectory; for he reysed blood of the lord a forn sayd, in brekyng of the gantlett and reyseng of his vmbray.
(1463-4) Acc.Howard in RC 57 240: Item, in mendynge off gawntletys ij d.
(1465) Paston 4.169: Your gesseren and gaunteletts shall be send hom.
?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) Ctn.(Hrl 2261) 485: His horse was founde with his breste plate and gantelettes.
c1500(?a1475) Ass.Gods (Trin-C R.3.19) 346: Mynerue..all in curas clad, Gauntlettes on hyr handys, & sabatouns on hyr fete.

S.E.N.A. NPN.1.C.2.c permits the use of the Lingua Anglica Order of the Silver Gauntlet based on the upon examples.

18: Iron Bog, Barony of - New Order Name Forwarded

Order of the Silver Compass of Iron Bog

This order name follows the pattern of [color] + [charge] found in "Medieval Secular Order Names" by Juliana de Luna (http://heraldry.sca.org/laurel/names/order/new/).

The May 2008 Cover Letter states: "Silver in order and award names: The August 2005 cover letter says that "orders named for heraldic charges or for items that, while not found in period as heraldic charges, may be used as heraldic charges...may contain the ordinary color names of any heraldic tincture." This includes the use of Silver as the ordinary color name of argent." (http://heraldry.sca.org/loar/2008/05/08-05cl.html).

A compass or compasses is a common heraldic charge. Parker's A Glossary of Terms Used in Heraldry s.n. compasses cites to the following arms granted in 1473: Sable, on a chevron engrailed between three towers argent a pair of compasses of the first--MASONS' Company [Inc. 1411; arms granted 1473].

Under S.E.N.A. NPN.3.C, the addition of the phrase of Iron Bog clears any conflict with the Order of the Silver Compass, registered to Barony of Stierbach in April of 2008 (via Atlantia).

Compass is dated 1475 in the OED, under the definition for "Measure, proper proportion, regularity":
1475 CAXTON Jason 92 b, Vignes and trees hyly conduyted by compass.
The word appears earlier, in other spellings, like "compas". The spellings for this meaning and other meanings, such as the mathematical tool are consistent, the spelling Compass may be fine without using the lingua anglica allowance.

19: Iron Bog, Barony of - New Order Name Forwarded

Order of the Sable Compass

This order name follows the pattern of [color] + [charge] found in "Medieval Secular Order Names" by Juliana de Luna (http://heraldry.sca.org/laurel/names/order/new/).

The April 2012 Cover Letter states: "[W]e are hereby allowing the use of heraldic color terms in order names as well as the everyday terms." Sable is the heraldic color name for black.

A compass or compasses is a common heraldic charge. Parker's A Glossary of Terms Used in Heraldry s.n. compasses cites to the following arms granted in 1473: Sable, on a chevron engrailed between three towers argent a pair of compasses of the first--MASONS' Company [Inc. 1411; arms granted 1473].

Under S.E.N.A. NPN.3.C, the addition of the phrase of Iron Bog clears any conflict with the Order of the Silver Compass, registered to Barony of Stierbach in April of 2008 (via Atlantia).

20: Joscelin le esqurel - New Alternate Name Forwarded

Pinke Pie

Pinke is found as a masculine given name in the IGI Parish Records (extracts) for England:

Pinke Thomas Male Marriage 15 Apr 1619 Brown Candover and Chilton Chandover, Hampshire, England Batch: M060751

Pye appears as a surname in the IGI Parish Records (extracts) for England:
Agnes Pye Female Marriage 11 Jul 1540 Saint Margaret, Westminster, London, England Batch: M001601
Agnes Pye Female Christening 25 Feb 1576 Haughton, Stafford, England Batch: C010971
Ales Pye Female Marriage 14 Aug 1558 Saint Martin Pomeroy, London, London, England Batch: M022652
The i/y swap in English is well-documented.

21: Leo Rennari Thorsson - New Name Forwarded

This was a lost submission from Pennsic 2009 that never made it to kingdom until Pennsic 2011. We were waiting for payment for his device from Pennsic 2011, but are moving this on in the meantime rather than make him wait any longer for a name.

Leo is a masculine given name dated 1273 in Withycombe, s.n. Leo.

Rennari 'runner, messenger' is a nickname in Geirr Bassi, p. 26.

Thorson is a hypothetical Scandinavian or Anglo-Scandinavian patronym, based on filius Thor, dated 1133-53 in Fellows Jensen, s.n. þorr. The genitive -s may need to be added.

Leó appears as an Old Norse name in Geirr-Bassi at p. 13. Accents may be omitted from Old Norse names as long as it is done consistently.

This name was pended on the May 3, 2012 LoD because the submitter's wishes with respect to his byname were unclear. Attempts to reach the submitter have not been successful. In the meantime, I found the following precedent:

The patronymic was submitted as Thorrason on the LoI, changed at kingdom from Thorson. It is clear from the data given by Fellows Jensen (Scandinavian Personal Names in Lincolnshire and Yorkshire, s.n. þrr) that the given name Thor was used in England, and (Black, s.n. Thor) has Scottish examples. Fellows Jensen labels the name Anglo-Scandinavian and notes that there is no clear evidence of its use by human beings in Scandinavia. The given name, on the other hand, is clearly Scandinavian: her data and notes on spelling indicate that in the English setting it would have been indistinguishable from its Old English and Continental Germanic cognates, becoming Tedric, occasionally Thedric, and perhaps rarely Theodric. However, there was certainly enough medieval traffic between northeastern England and Scandinavia to justify combining an Anglo-Scandinavian patronymic with a Scandinavian given name. We have therefore restored the submitter's original patronymic, slightly modifying the spelling to conform to normal Scandinavian practice.

[Thjodric Thorsson, 1/1996 LoAR, A-Atlantia].

The April 2012 Cover Letter (http://heraldry.sca.org/loar/2012/04/12-04cl.html) allows descriptive bynames in Old Norse to be capitalized. Therefore, the name can be sent up largely as submitted, with only a change from Thorson to Thorsson.

22: Lillian atte Valeye - New Badge Returned

(Fieldless) A fleur de lys per pale Or and sable

This badge was pended on the June 12, 2012 in order to pursue persmission to conflict from Annora Raines, whose device, Per pale gules and Or, a fleur-de-lys counterchanged Or and sable, has only a single CD from the submitted badge. Annora has refused to grant permission to conflict. Therefore, this badge must be returned.

23: Mabel Fortune - New Name Forwarded

Mabel appears in "16th Century Gloucestershire Names" by Aryanhwy merch Catmael (http://heraldry.sca.org/names/english/late16.html), and in "Names found in Quedgeley, Glouchestershire Marriage Registers 1559-1600" by Aryanhwy merch Catmael (http://heraldry.sca.org/names/english/quedgeley.html), dated in 1559.

Fortune appears in R&W s.n. Fortune with surnames in this spelling dated to 1524 and 1641.

24: Magnus Morte - New Badge Forwarded

Per pale azure and argent, a snake nowed in a Cavendish knot palewise and in chief a mullet argent.

This submission is to be associated with Knot and Snake House. The household name Knot and Snake House was registered on the April 2010 LoAR.

The original badge submission for the household, Per pale azure and argent, a snake nowed in a Cavendish knot, was returned on the April 2010 LoAR for conflict with the devices of Frewin Finnbogason, Per saltire gules and sable, a Norse serpent nowed argent, and Asbjorn Gustavsson of Roed, Azure, a Norse Jelling-beast nowed, erect and reversed argent, with only a single CD for the field as against each. The mullet was added to the design to clear these conflicts.

Submitted as Per pale azure and argent, a snake embowed erect and in dexter chief a mullet argent, the blazon was changed to reflect more accurately the positioning of the snake.

25: Máirghréad Ghearr - Resub Device Change Forwarded

Gules, a thistle and on a chief argent three dragonflies vert.

The submitter's device Per bend gules and vert, a bend between a thistle and a dragon argent was registered in April 2010 via the East. A change of device appeared on the 11-20-2011 Eastern LoI. That change was returned for conflict on the January 2012 LoD:

19: Máirghréad Ghearr - New Device Change returned
Gules, a thistle and on a chief argent three dragonflies vert.
Old Item: Per bend gules and vert, a bend between a thistle and a dragon argent, to be released. Her name and currently registered device were registered April 2010 via the East. The form didn't state the disposition of the old device. The submitter was emailed for this information.
This device conflicts with Daniel Colquhoun (Nov. 1991, Meridies), Gules, a thistle and on a chief argent a saltire engrailed sable. There is a single CD for the changes to the tertiaries. It should be noted that, under the draft rules currently under consideration by the SCA Board of Directors, this would not be a conflict. However, as the rules are not in place yet, this must be returned at this time. If this design is resubmitted, the charges should be larger to fill the available space.

With the adoption of SENA, this device has been resubmitted.

26: Michael of Rutherford - New Name Forwarded and New Device Forwarded

Argent two wolf's heads erased respectant sable and in base a phoenix gules.

Michael is a masculine given name dated to 1518 in "English Names Found in Brass Enscriptions" by Julian Goodwyn (http://heraldry.sca.org/laurel/names/brasses/men.html)

of Rutherford is the Lingua Anglica form of the documented form de Ruthirford found in R&W s.n. Rutherford dated to 1296.

27: Óláfr inn {o,}rvi Haraldsson - New Name Change From Holding Name Forwarded and New Device Forwarded

Argent goutty de sang, a wolf courant regardant azure.

Óláfr of Northern Outpost was a holding name created on the April 2010 LoAR. The submitter's original name submission, Óláfr Haraldsson, was returned for conflict with Óláfr Haraldsson, King of Norway from 1015 to 1028. This submission adds a descriptive byname not associated with the King of Norway to clear the conflict.

Óláfr is a masculine given name found in Geirr-Bassi at p. 13 and also found in Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "Viking Names found in Landnámabók" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/norse/landnamabok.html).

Haraldsson is a patronymic based on the masculine given name Haraldr, found in Geirr-Bassi at p. 11. The patronymic is formed according to the rules set out in p. 17 of Geirr-Bassi.

inn {o,}rvi is a descriptive byname meaning "speedy" found in Aryanhwy merch Catmael's "Viking Bynames found in the Landnámabók" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/norse/vikbynames.html).

For Scandinavian names, the pattern [given name] + [descriptive byname] + [patronymic] is found in Appendix A of SENA (http://heraldry.sca.org/laurel/sena.html#AppendixA).

28: Østgarðr, Crown Province of - New Badge Returned

(Fieldless) A lantern argent.

This badge was pended on the February 21, 2012 LoD for conflict with Thomas Ouswood (Sept. 2000, Æthelmearc), Vert, a lantern argent enflamed Or. Attempts to get in touch with Thomas Ouswood have been unsuccessful, so I am forced to return the badge for conflict.

29: Roland Archer - New Name Forwarded

Roland is a masculine given name, with this spelling appearing in "Late Sixteenth Century English Given Names" by Talan Gwynek (http://heraldry.sca.org/laurel/names/eng16/eng16alpha.html).

Archer is a surname appearing in Bardsley p. 58 s.n. Archer with this spelling dated to 1567, and in "English Names found in Brass Enscriptions" by Julian Goodwyn (http://heraldry.sca.org/laurel/names/brasses/lastnameAH.html) dated to 1514.

30: Shelby of Sark - New Name Forwarded and New Device Forwarded

Vert, an escallop argent between three bees Or.

Shelby is the submitter's legal given name. A copy of the submitter's Pennsylvania driver's license is attached.

The submitter asserts that the following dated spellings are found s.n. Stark in The Ancient and Modern Names of the Channel Islands: A Linguistic History by Richard Coates (Stamford, CA: Paul Watkins 1991) at pp. 73-74.
Sercam (Latin) c. 1014
Serc. 1040
Serch 1056
Serco (Latin) c. 1160
Serc c. 1173
Cerqueyo (Latin) 1291
Serk 1294, 1299, 1305
Serquey 1294/5
Serqueie 1297
Ce(c)q 1547
No photocopies of this source were provided. This book is not available on Google Books except in snippet preview, which does not show pp. 73-74.

Sark appears in Watts p. 528 s.n. River Sark as a river name, with dated spellings Serke (1214, 1580) and Sarke water (1552).

The given name is not obtrusively modern. Shelby appears in the IGI Parish Records (extracts) as a 16th cen. English surname which, by precedent [Alton of Grimfells, April 2010 LoAR, A-East], could be used as a given name. To give one example: Thomas Shelby Male Christening 10 Jun 1562 Saint John the Baptist, Chester, Cheshire, England Batch: C036571.

Sarke appears as the name of a Channel island is found at p. 161 of "Le Monde, ou La description générale de ses quatre parties . Avec tous ses empires, royaumes, estats et républiques..." by Pierre d'Avity, published in 1643 (http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5768550f/f198.image).

Sark appears as the modern place name of a Channel island in the Encyclopedia Britannica:

Sark, French Sercq, one of the Channel Islands, a dependency of Guernsey, located in the English Channel, south of England's coast. Sark lies 7 miles (11 km) east of Guernsey and about 25 miles (40 km) west of the Cherbourg Peninsula of France. The island, which is 3 miles (5 km) long and 1.5 miles (2.4 km) wide at its broadest point, consists of two components, Great Sark and Little Sark, which are connected by La Coupée (a 300-foot- [90-metre-] long isthmus that is only about 30 feet [10 metres] wide). The smaller, privately owned island of Brecqhou (Brechou) is separated from Great Sark by the narrow Le Gouliot Channel. Sark is part of the Bailiwick of Guernsey. The island is essentially a plateau rising to 375 feet (114 metres), with a scenic coast encircled by precipitous cliffs. The island has three small harbours: Creux, La Maseline, and Havre Gosselin.
Apart from legends of St. Magloire (6th century), Sark first appears in history as a gift by William of Normandy (later William I, the Conqueror) to the Mont-Saint-Michel abbey about 1040. A century later it was in the hands of the Vernon family, lords of Néhou, who endowed the priory of St. Magloire as a dependency of the abbey of Montebourg. Sark reverted to the English crown in 1204 by Richard de Vernon's forfeiture. Sark was governed by a royal provost who presided over a court of six jurats (magistrates chosen for life). The island was captured by the French in 1549 but was in English hands again by 1558. Thereafter, it remained under English control, except for a period of German occupation during World War II.
To prevent the island from becoming a nest of pirates, it was colonized by Hélier de Carteret, seigneur of St. Ouen in Jersey, under a patent of Elizabeth I (Aug. 6, 1565). At first the court was modeled on that of Jersey, with bailiff and jurats, but this was changed in 1675 to one composed of seneschal, provost, greffier, tenants, seigneur, constable, and vingtenier. By 1951 the members were reduced to seigneur, seneschal, tenants, and 12 deputies. The Carterets were seigneurs until 1732, after which the seigneury changed hands several times. From 1927 until 1974 it was held by the dame of Sark, Sibyl Hathaway; on her death she was succeeded by her son Michael Beaumont as 22nd seigneur.
Sark's feudal government survived into the 21st century, but in April 2008 the laws governing the island were changed to introduce universal suffrage and to transform the Chief Pleas into a popularly elected assembly. Previously the Chief Pleas had comprised 40 unelected tenants (heirs of the families that had originally come to the island as colonizers) and 12 elected deputies. In December 2008 the first election to the new 28-member Chief Pleas was held. Justice on Sark is administered by the court of the seneschal, with rights of appeal to the Royal Court of Guernsey. Police, if required, are supplied from Guernsey on repayment. The canine population is controlled, and no one but the seigneur may keep a female dog.
Human settlement on the island is scattered. Dairying is practiced, but the farmland (about a third of the island) includes substantial tillage, and there is some market gardening. Despite the importance of tourism to Sark's economy, accommodation is limited, and most visitors come on day trips from Guernsey or on cruises. Automobiles are prohibited on the roads of Sark, and farm tractors are the only motor vehicles allowed. Horse-drawn carriages and bicycles are common means of transportation. The island may be reached only by boat since airplanes are banned. Area (including Brecqhou) 2.1 square miles (5.5 square km). Pop. (2001) 591.

"Sark". Encyclopedia Britannica. Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica Inc., 2012. Web. 08 Jul. 2012 (http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524362/Sark).

Speed, John, The Counties of Britain (New York: Thames and Hudson, 1989) at p. 207 has Little Sarke and Great Sarck as Channel Islands on maps dated to 1611.

This evidence is sufficient to support the Lingua Anglica "of Sark."

Originally blazoned as Vert, an escallop argent between three bees volant to chief Or, the blazon was simplified to reflect that the bees are in the standard tergiant to chief position for bees.

31: Svoi Ivanov - New Device Forwarded

Gules, on a chief triangular argent a bear head contourny issuant from the line of division sable

Commenters suggested that the head looks more like that of a wolf than a bear. I think it is a borderline rendering of a bear head, so I have opted to forward it.

32: Wolfram Bernhard - New Name Forwarded

Wolfram is documented from Academy of St. Gabriel Report 2924, which dates Wolfram to 1332. (http://www.s-gabriel.org/2924).

Bernhard is an English surname dated to 1260 in R&W s.n. Barnhard.

As submitted, von Bernhard is not registerable because it improperly combines the German von and the English Bernhard in the same name phrase. Changing the English Bernhard to the German Bernhardt, found in Aryanhwy merch Catmael's "German Names from Nürnberg, 1497" (http://heraldry.sca.org/names/german/nurnberg1497.html) s.n. Pernhardt, does not solve the problem. The pattern von + [element] is used only for place names, see Appendix A of SENA (http://heraldry.sca.org/laurel/sena.html#AppendixA), and Bernhardt is documented only as a given name.

I would drop the element von, but dropping an element is a major change which the submitter does not permit. Unless documentation can be provided for Bernhard as a German place name or the submitter consents to dropping the von, this name will be returned.

In an e-mail with Eastern Crown, the submitter consented to the removal of the "von" if necessary for registration.

According to the cited St. Gabriel Report, Wolfram is a German name:

Your given name is fine. Around 1200 there was a famous poet Wolfram von Eschenbach; we find his name recorded as <Wolfran von Eschelbach> in the first quarter of the 14th century [5]. In 1271 and 1285 we find the Latin form <Wolframmus>, and we find <Wolfram> in 1332, <Wolferam> in 1393, and <Wolveram> in 1316 and 1322. We also found a man whose surname was <Wolfram> in the second half of the 14th century, and another whose surname was <Wolferan> in 1395; it is possible that these men's father's names were <Wolfram> and <Wolferan>, respectively. [1,2,4,6] <Wolfhram>, <Wolfram>, <Wolframmus>, and <Wolferam> are all Bavarian forms from the 12th C or earlier. [7] The name is most appropriate for the first half of your period; we did not find any clear evidence for the name after 1400.
[1] Bahlow, Hans, _Dictionary of German Names_, tr. Edda Gentry (German-American Cultural Society, 1994 ISBN: 0924119357). s.nn. Draa(c)k, Wolfram
[2] Talan Gwynek, "Medieval German Given Names from Silesia", revised edition (WWW: Academy of Saint Gabriel, 1999). http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/talan/bahlow/
[3] Brechenmacher, Josef Karlmann, _Etymologisches Woerterbuch der deutschen Familiennamen_ (Limburg a. d. Lahn, C. A. Starke-Verlag, 1957-1960). s.nn. Drachenfels, Drachenhand, Drack, Drackenstein, Wolfauer, Wolfinger, Wolfrath, Wolfsberg, Wolfurt(er)
[4] Socin, Adolf, _Mittelhochdeutsches Namenbuch. Nach oberrheinischen Quellen des 12. und 13. Jahrhunderts_ (Basel: Helbing & Lichtenhahn, 1903; Hildesheim: Georg Olms Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1966). p. 42
[5] _Die Miniaturen der Manesseschen Liederhandschrift und andere Bildquellen_ (WWW: Tempora Nostra, no date). http://www.tempora-nostra.de/manesse/manesse_start.shtml
[6] Schwarz, Ernst, _Sudetendeutsche Familiennamen aus vorhussitischer Zeit_ (Koeln: Boehlau Verlag, 1957). s.n. Wolfram
[7] Mu"ller, Gunter, _Studien zu den Theriophoren Personennamen der Germanen_ (Ko"ln: Bo"hlau Verlag, 1970). pp. 7, 55

Commenters were able to find Bernhard as an unmarked German surname in the IGI Parish Records (extracts):

Jacob Bernhard Male Christening 30 May 1594 Ulm, Donaukreis, Wuerttemberg, Batch: C396060
David Bernhard Male Christening 16 Dec 1596 Evangelisch, Bietigheim, Neckarkreis, Wuerttemberg Batch: C952991
Jacobus Bernhard Male Christening 07 Dec 1587 Evangelisch, Bietigheim, Neckarkreis, Wuerttemberg Batch: C952991
Anna Bernhard Female Christening 07 Jun 1589 Hüffenhardt, Mosbach, Baden Batch: C934842
(and many more)

No evidence was found of Bernhard as a place name. Therefore, the name has been changed to the registerable Wolfram Bernhard.

[Bardsley] Bardsley, Charles. A Dictionary of English and Welsh Surnames.

[Geirr Bassi] Geirr Bassi Haraldsson. The Old Norse Name.

[MED] The Middle English Dictionary.

[OCM] Ó Corrain, Donnchadh & Maguire, Fidelma. Irish Names.

[Parker] Parker, James. A Glossary of Terms used in Heraldry.

[R&W] Reaney, P.H. and R. M. Wilson. A Dictionary of English Surnames.

[Watts] Watts, Victor, ed. Cambridge Dictionary of English Place-Names, Based on the Collections of the English Place-Name Society.