Lewis Tanzos
Eastern.crown@eastkingdom.org
13 November, 2002

Greetings and commendations unto the Heralds and Pursuivants of the East Kingdom, and others who receive this missive, from Tanczos Istvan, Eastern Crown Herald!

This is the Letter of Report (LoR) on the East's Internal Letter of Intent (IloI) dated 26 August 2002. Acceptances on this letter will be sent to Blue Tyger Herald to be included in an External Letter of Intent (XloI) to Laurel and the College of Arms.

In service,
Istvan Eastern Crown

Commentary was received from:

Ariel de Narbonne, Yosef Alaric, Aceline Barrett, Esperanza Razzolini d'Asolo, Harold von Auerbach, Aine Callaghan, Cahan Kyle, Knute, and Elsbeth Anne Roth.

1 Alison Winter (F) - New Name Accepted & New Device Returned

Argent, a sun azure eclipsed argent, with a bordure azure.

Alison from Withycombe, p. 16, dated to 1386. Winter from Reaney & Wilson p. 496, dated to 1185.

Additional name documnentation: We find "Alison" at http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/reaneyAG.html and "Winter" at http://www.trytel.com/~tristan/towns/mapp1_2b.html, which can be linked to from St. Gabriel's - it's a list of names of "The Officers of East Anglian Boroughs" and is found in the Ipswich: bailiffs, coroners, chamberlains, and treasurers section in 1449 and 1450, and also in http://www.trytel.com/~tristan/towns/mapp1_2f.html of the same article, in the section Parliamentary burgesses for Colchester, Ipswich, Lynn, Maldon, and Yarmouth [22], under 1453.

The device conflicts with that of Adrienne de Champagne (Jan 1990), "Argent, on a mullet of six points azure, a falcon displayed argent" and Lorimer MacAltin of Garioch (May 1983), "Argent, on a compass star azure a thistle couped argent." There is a CD for the addition of the bordure, but by current precedent there is not a CD between a mullet of six points and a sun, between a compass star and a sun, nor for changing the type only of the tertiary charge (eclipsed charges are considered charged for the purposes of conflict (and style)).

2 Alissende de la Halle (F) - New Name Accepted

Submitter desires 12-14th century French, and cares more about language/culture. Alissende from 'Names from 14th Century Foix' by Triste Elliot(Cateline de la Mor) http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/cateline/foix.html in the list of feminine names. [PCA] de la Halle from http://www.byu.edu/~hurlbut/frmedrama/adam-h.html , a website at Brigham Young University, which is a biography of Adam de la Halle, apparently a songwriter who lived from approximately 1235-1288. The page is a bibliography of a lot of modern translations of his work, one of which, by Frederick W. Langley, is called 'Drama and Community Politics in thirteenth century Europe. Arras: Adam de la Halle's Jeu de la feuillee' [PCA]

Additionally, Reaney & Wilson shows `Hall, Halle, Halls' from `worker at the hall' [OE heal] with `de Halla' 1178, `de la Hall' 1199, `de Hall' 1327, `in the Halle' 1332.

3 Aonghas MacLabhruinn de Brus (M) - New Name Accepted & New Device Accepted

Per chevron embattled gules and Or, two hammers inverted Or and a bull's head caboshed sable.

Aonghus found in Withycombe under 'Angus', p. 25. Mac Labhruinn is from Reaney & Wilson, p. 292, under the header McLaren; de Brus is also in R&W, dated to 1110 and 1274-5 under 'Bruce' on p. 68.

We also find the names in Black: Aonghus' on p.23 lists an Angus mac Dunec in 1211 and says that Aonghus is the Scots Gaelic form., `Mac Labhruinn' on p. 534 under MacLaren lists Mac Labhruinn as the Scots Gaelic form, and gives a Johannes M'Lern in 1466. `de Brus' is on p. 108. and is Scots/Normal, which may be a bit incongruous.

There is a question as to whether the name is internally consistent as to the language. Laurel can fix any internal consistency problems.

4 Aonghas MacLabhruinn de Brus - New Badge Accepted

Per bend embattled gules and Or, in base a hammer bendwise inverted sable.

5 Christoffel d'Allaines-le-Comte (M) - New Name Accepted

Christoffel is found in 'Flemish Names From Bruges' (http://www.s-gabriel.org/docs/bruges) (PCA). Allaines is found in 'Dictionnaire etymologique des noms de lieux en France' by Dauzat & Rostang, with the form Alena dated to 1130 under the header Allain. (NPCA) It is also found in 'Deeds of Louis the Fat', available at http://www.deremilitari.org/suger2.htm (PCA). Several town names of the 'sur Something' form are given, as are several using titles, but no documentation is given for these.

S.Friedman in `Names From a 1587 Tax Roll From Provins' http://www.sit.wisc.edu/~sfriedemann/names/provins1587.htm lists 4 Christofle(s). Dauzat cites several variant spellings from "Chrisophle" to "Cristofol".

"d'Allaines-sur-Comte" would be "from the town of Allaines on the river Comte." Allaines is the name of several towns in France, but there is unlikely to be a river named 'County'.

We have proof of 'X-le-[county/dukedom]' names through Braine-le-Comte. and Bar-le-Duc. At http://site.ifrance.com/efablc/ecrire/blc/origines.htm, a page about the origins of the name of the town, there is a phrase: " En 1453, les documents dévoilent le nom actuel et parlent de la ville et terre de Braine-le-Comte." While Eastern Crown can't get the exact translation, the sense is that documents in 1453 'revealed' the name of the town and lands as 'Braine-le-Comte'.

There is also a page at http://perso.wanadoo.fr/earlyblazon/nation/empire/lorraine.htm which shows the armory of Thibault I, Count of Bar-le-Duc, who lived from 1160-1214. The town actually has a history website ( http://www.mairie-bar-le-duc.fr/english/fed/histoire.htm), which has the phrase "Named Caturiges by the Gallics, the town took the name of Bar-Le-Duc in the XIIth century and belonged to the Duchy of Haute-Lorraine until the XIth century."

As such, the form d'Allaines-le-Comte appears to be a fine French byname.

6 Darius Serpentius (M) - New Name Change Accepted
Current name: Johan Kronenwache

Submitter wishes his name to be made authentic as a Roman name from 200 AD. Serpentius is documented from Repertorium nominum gentilium et cognominum Latinorum, apparently dated to 116 (PCA). Darius is a Biblical name, found in Daniel 11:1 "Also I in the first year of Darius the Mede, even I, stood to confirm and strengthen him."

Byzantium was using other Biblical names straight out of the Bible like Daniel and David, so it doesn't seem that far fetched that they'd use Darius straight out of the Bible ( http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/byzantine/PLRE_masc_names.html ). St. Gabriel's article 2233 ( http://www.panix.com/~gabriel/public-bin/showfinal.cgi?2233+0 discusses the name "Darius", but not specifically in reference to Roman times. It does however state that "Darius" is the correct Latin form of the name. Based on http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/byzantine/family_names.html#family_names, Romans would apparently convert attributes and descriptives into family names

7 David Lockhart (M) - New Name Accepted & New Device Accepted

Argent, a chevron rompu and in chief three crosses moline gules.

David from Withycombe, p. 79. Lockhart from Reaney & Wilson, p. 282, as the primary spelling.

To add dates to the citations, Withycombe, s.n. David, dates David in the 12th, 13th, and 14th centuries. Reaney and Wilson, s.n. Lockhart, lists the forms Lockard in 1190 and le Lockhert in 1203.

8 Elizabeth Reed - Resub Device Returned

Or, a tyger statant reguardant, tail knowy azure, armed and langued and orbed argent, between four leaves in cross vert.

While this is clear of the populace badge of the East, " (Fieldless), a tyger passant azure." with 2 CD's (fieldless v.s. field and addition of leaves), it is not clear of the East Kingdom Chronicler's badge "Or, a tyger passant azure maintaining a quill argent." with but one CD for the addition of the leaves.

The submitter should note that there is a large possibility that Wreath would drop the specific tinctures of the arming, languing, and orbing in the official blazon.

9 Gwineth Llyn Lloyd (F) - New Name Accepted

Gwineth is documented as an English name from 1577 in a letter from Tangwystyl though no source is given. 'Llyn Brith' is presented as an 'invented locative' meaning 'grey pond'. Apparently these meanings were derived from http://www.cs.brown.edu/fun/welsh/LexiconForms.html though no photocopy is attached.

Submitted as "Gwineth Llyn Brith", there are some problems with the name in that form.

Morgan & Morgan dates Gwineth to 1577 in that spelling as a women's given name, under the header 'Gwynedd', p. 118. (In fact, when contacted Tangwystl said that was her source, as well.), so the personal name is fine.

It proved impossible for Eastern Crown to verify the source for the last name at the site in the submitted documentation, and several commenters mentioned that the submitted name did not have the desired meaning. Tangwystl (among other commenters) said that a more likely meaning of "Llyn Brith" is 'speckled pond'. 'Gray' in place names is usually 'llwyd', which later mutates to 'Lloyd'.

Since locatives are rare in Welsh, especially in later period, and locatives with 'llyn' in them even more so, it is not possible to reconcile keeping the meaning with the desire for an authentic name. As such, we're more inclined to retain the meaning.

10 Gunnarr inn mikli (M) - New Name Accepted

Gunnarr is found in 'Viking Names Found in the Landnámabók' at http://www.sit.wisc.edu/~sfriedemann/names/landnamabok.htm (PCA). inn mikli is found in 'Viking Bynames Found in the Landnámabók' at http://www.sit.wisc.edu/~sfriedemann/names/vikbynames.htm with the meaning 'large' (PCA)

Gunnarr is listed on the SCA website: http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/landnamabok.htm The byname "inn mikli" is listed at: http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/vikbynames.htm. Neither of these require photocopies.

11 Hellen Cloterbuck (F) - New Name Accepted

Hellen is found in 'Late 16thC Given Names' at http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/talan/eng16/ (NPCA). Cloterbuck is found under the heading 'Clutterbuck' in Reaney & Wilson, p. 101, dated to 1560. [Late 16th Century English Given Names is also at http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/eng16/eng16.html and does not require photocopies ]

12 Isabel Jimenez de Gaucin - Resub Device Returned

Or, a chevron inverted purpure between three trilliums gules.

This needs to be redrawn: the chevron should not touch the corner of the chief. This has been restated as recently as October of 1999: "'The chevron [inverted] should not intersect the corners of the chief' (Baldwin of Erebor, LoAR 7 July 1986, p. 6). The device needs to be redrawn with the ordinary issuing from the sides of the shield. " (From the 10/1999 LoAR)

13 Isabella d'Allaines-le-Comte (F) - New Name Accepted & New Device Accepted

Vert, three seeblatter Or.

Isabella is found in 'A Statistical Survey of Given Names in Essex County, England, 1182- 1272', found at http://members.tripod.com/nicolaa5/articles/names.html (PCA). Allaines is found in 'Dictionnaire etymologique des noms de lieux en France' by Dauzat & Rostang, with the form Alena dated to 1130 under the header Allain. (NPCA) It is also found in 'Deeds of Louis the Fat', available at http://www.deremilitari.org/suger2.htm (PCA). Several town names of the 'sur Something' form are given, as are several using titles, but no documentation is given for these.

"Isabella" is also found at http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/reaneyHZ.html, which does not require photocopies. It is also in Withycombe p. 164 for 1199 & 1379, and described as having come from Provence and being common in France and Spain. This also does not require photocopies.

"d'Allaines-sur-Comte" would be "from the town of Allaines on the river Comte." Allaines is the name of several towns in France, but there is unlikely to be a river named 'County'.

We have proof of 'X-le-[county/dukedom]' names through Braine-le-Comte and Bar-le-Duc. At http://site.ifrance.com/efablc/ecrire/blc/origines.htm, a page about the origins of the name of the town, there is a phrase: " En 1453, les documents dévoilent le nom actuel et parlent de la ville et terre de Braine-le-Comte." While Eastern Crown can't get the exact translation, the sense is that documents in 1453 'revealed' the name of the town and lands as 'Braine-le-Comte'.

There is also a page at http://perso.wanadoo.fr/earlyblazon/nation/empire/lorraine.htm which shows the armory of Thibault I, Count of Bar-le-Duc, who lived from 1160-1214. The town actually has a history website ( http://www.mairie-bar-le-duc.fr/english/fed/histoire.htm), which has the phrase "Named Caturiges by the Gallics, the town took the name of Bar-Le-Duc in the XIIth century and belonged to the Duchy of Haute-Lorraine until the XIth century."

As such, the form d'Allaines-le-Comte appears to be a fine French byname.

14 James de Northebrok (M) - Resub Name Accepted

Desires authentic 14th century name. James from the Bible. de Northbrooke from Reaney & Wilson 3rd ed., p 324.[PCA] dates Nordebroc to 1190, Norgbroc to 1205, Northebrok to 1327

Name was submitted as James de Northbrooke. We have changed it in accordance with the submitter's desire for an authentic 14th century name.

"James" is also found in the following places: dated to 1458 at http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/brasses/men.html and to 1182-1272 at http://members.tripod.com/nicolaa5/articles/men.html . It is also in Withycombe on pp. 170-172 and in the article 'An Index to the 1332 Lay Subsidy Rolls for Lincolnshire, England', which contains 10 citations of James in that form.

The citation in Reaney and Wilson is for de Northebrok, so James de Northebrok should be an authentic 14th century form.

15 Jehan du Lac (M) - New Name Change Accepted

Current name: Jehanne du Lac

Client wishes to change his name because the original herald mistakenly submitted the name as female. (circa 1990). Submitter wishes to have a male persona name. Jehan is the most frequently occurring male name in 'Names from a 1587 Tax Roll From Provins' by Sarah L. Friedman found at http://www.sit.wisc.edu/~sfriedemann/names/provins1587.htm - linked from the Academy of St. Gabriel [PCA] A scan of the original signature of Jehan Peron, dated to 1576, may be found online at http://pages.infinit.net/perguy/peron-pineau.html [PCA]. Remainder of name is grandfathered to submitter.

"Jehan" can also be found in Colm Dubh's An Index to the Given names in the 1292 Census of Paris. at http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/paris.html#J and http://www.panix.com/~gabriel/public-bin/showfinal.cgi?1279+0.

16 Jennette Elizabeth Colquhoun (F) - Resub Name Accepted

Jennette and Elizabeth are both found in 'Late 16th Century English Given Names' at http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/talan/eng16/ (NPCA). Colquhoun is dated to 1241 in Black p. 163.

Late 16th Century English Given Names is also at http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/eng16/eng16.html and does not require photocopies. "Elizabeth" is also in http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/reaneyAG.html dated from 1205 to 1600 in England. We also find "Elizabeth" as a Scottish name at http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/scottishfem.html#scottishfemearly, dated to 1329.

17 Kali Harlansson of Gotland (M) - New Name Change Accepted

Current name: Kale Harlansson of Gotland

The name is currently registered as 'Kale Harlansson of Gotland'; he wishes to change the spelling of the first element to 'Kali'. This spelling is documented from Geirr Bassi Haraldsson, 'The Old Norse Name', on p. 12 col. 2, and also from Orkneyinga Saga: The History of the Earls of Orkney (PCA).

"Kali" can also be found as a Viking male name at http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/landnamabok.htm.

18 Líadan inghean Laoghaire - Resub Device Accepted

Per pale azure and vert, a fret within a bordure argent

19 Lewin de Partone (M) - New Name Accepted

Lewin is dated to 1292 in Withycombe, p. 193, under the header 'Leofwin'. de Partone is dated to 1296 in Reaney & Wilson, p. 339, under the heading 'Parton'.

20 Maria Alegreza di Nicoletti (F) - New Name Accepted

Maria and Alegreza are both in 'Fourteenth Century Venetian Personal Names' found at http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/arval/venice14/venice14given.html (PCA). Nicoletti is dated to 1369 in the 'Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy', found at http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/paul-venice (PCA). The use of double given names in 14th century Venice is shown in 'Fourteenth Century Venetian Personal Names', http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/arval/venice14/ (PCA).

`Nicoletti' also appears, undated, in both de Felice's nomi and cognomi.

21 Maria Alegreza di Nicoletti (F) - New Alternate Name Accepted

Submitted Name: Isabelle la Béguine d'Avignon

Submitter wishes her name to be made authentic for 13th century French. Isabelle is cited as being the name of several queens of France (NPCA). The Beguines were apparently members of a women's religious movement that started in Belgium in the late 12th century and later spread throughout northern Europe (NPCA). No documentation is attached stating that this would make an appropriate name. d'avignon is presented as a locative byname meaning 'from Avignon', a city in the region of Provence, site of the Papacy from 1309-1376 (NPCA).

Let's take this one element at a time, shall we? (though not in order)

Isabelle is in Withycombe p. 164. Dauzat documents Isabelle to 1468. The article 'Given Names from Brittany, 1384-1600' dates Isabele in 1531, Izabelle in 1529 and Ysabelle in 1521, so the submitted form is acceptable.

`Avignon' is listed as a Celtic / Phoenician / Roman settlement which is one of the oldest centers in western Europe in Grabois; Illustrated Encyclopedia of Medieval Civilization, p. 88. (Further, Avignon was the seat of the alternate papacy from roughly 1305-1378, so one assumes it existed at the time)

Grabois also describes the Beguines/Beghards on p. 106, stating that the names of these sects derived from Lambert le Bègue (the Stammerer), a preacher from Liège in the later half of the 12thC. The Beguines are also in the OED, dated to 1180.

22 Morwynna of Blue Mountain (F) - New Name Returned & New Device Returned

Gules, a unicorn rampant to sinister between three fleurs-de-lys Or.

Morwynna is a Welsh Saint according to the 'Oxford Book of Saints'. (NPCA) Client desires spelling of 'Morwynna'. 'Of the Blue Mountain' is claimed to be a locative.

The closest dated form of the given name any commenter could find was 'Morwenna' (in Tangwystl's CA A Welsh Miscellany ). The Oxford Saint Dictionary spells it 'Morwenna' and dates it to the 6th century (pp 310-311) One comenter says that Gruffudd has the desired spelling, though it is undated.

We find Monbrun (p 702 SN:Monbrun) and Monrosier (p705 SN:Mont, dates mont rubeo to 1208) in Morlet's Noms de Familles, 1997 revised and expanded edition, but nothing at all anywhere which includes a geological formation described as 'blue' until well after period. Of course, the French/Welsh mix is implausible as well.

The device is in conflict with Ian Michael (3/78): Gules a unicorn salient to sinister Or, attired, crined and unguled argent. There is CD for the addition of the secondary charges, but the SCA does not recognize a differnce between rampant and salient. Nor does it grant difference for the tincturing of the horn, mane & hooves.

23 Orlando dé Medici (M) - New Name Accepted & New Device Accepted

Or, a crequier plant vert.

Submiter wishes his name to be made authentic for Italy. Orlando is dated to 1427 in 'Italian Names from Florence' by Ferrante (NPCA). Medici is dated to 1156 in the Latin form 'Medicus' in De Felice's 'Cognomi' on p. 166.

24 Sancha de Flores - Resub Badge Accepted

(Fieldless) A cock sable headed and queued gules.

We must consider armory registered to The Society for Creative Anachronismin (August 1979, West): " (Tinctureless) A secretary-bird sejant regardant. [Sagittarius sepentarius]." for the Privy Clerk to Morsulus Herald.

There is a CD for the fieldlessness. There is no CD for tincture. If a 'secretary bird' is a generic bird, there is no CD for type. Since Linnean genus and species are given, there's a good chance that this is not a generic bird, so a CD for type is granted between it and a cock. There are no precedents on this bird. Wreath gets to make the decision on this one - doubly so since I can't compare emblazons.

25 Sigriðr inn rauða Þorvaldsdottir - Resub Device Returned

Ermine, on a chief gules three annulets Or.

Unfortunately, this lovely device is in conflict with Merit de la Rose (January 2001, Middle) "Ermine, on a chief gules three roses argent.", with only a single CD for the changes to the tertiary charges. This is recent enough that it might be worth trying to get a letter of permission to conflict.

26 Tamar bas Reuven (F) - New Name Change Accepted & New Device Accepted

Current name: Tamar ingen áeda

Argent, a martlet volant proper between four ivy leaves vert.

No major changes. If changes must be made, submitter wishes her name to remain 'medieval Jewish'. All name elements are documented from Names from 'Hebrew Chronicles of the 10th to 13th Centuries' at http://www.yucs.org/~jules/names/crusades.html (PCA). Tamar is dated to 1096, Reuven to 1196 and bas is given as the Ashkenazic pronunciation of 'bat' meaning 'daughter of'.

Tamar is a biblical female name: GE 38:6 reads "And Judah took a wife for Er his firstborn, whose name was Tamar."

'bas' is the Ashkenazic form of the word for 'daughter', not merely the pronunciation.

The ivy leaves are not 'in saltire' -- which would have them lined up so that their stems were facing each other. 'Two and two, palewise' is the default for four items, which is exactly what we have here.

Note that this picture of a 'martlet volant' is straight out of Fox-Davies.

27 Tobyn Kembold - Resub Device Accepted

Or, a dragon sejant gules wings elevated and addorsed.

This is clear of Lindorm Eriksson - October of 1996 (via Drachenwald): " Or, a wingless wyvern statant gules." because Lindorm has granted general permission to conflict. The permission was recognized by Laurel July 1997, but identity conflict is still proscribed. There is a CD for the addition of wings.

Precedent says: [a three-headed hydra vs a seven-headed hydra] Details of the dragons, including number of heads... count for nothing. (Thomas Grayson of Falconridge, 3/98 p. 22) Precedents - Jaelle; under Monster-Dragon & Wyvern [a seven-headed dragon vs a dragon] The change in number of heads, from one to seven, is the visual equivalent of adding wings; that it, worth a CD. While we do not normally grant a CD for change to the number of heads (e.g., eagles vs double-headed eagles), the difference between seven heads and one head is sufficiently remarkable that it should be worth such a difference on a primary charge. Precedents - Da'ud 2.2; under Monster.

So we must consider the device of Wilhelm Rotbart aus Bayern - September of 1981 (via the Middle): " Or, a five-headed hydra sejant affronté gules. " There is a CD for the change of facing, there is a possible CD for number of heads (this falls between two contradictory precedents). Wreath gets to decide this one.

28 Ulric of York (M) - New Name Accepted & New Device Returned

Sable, an eagle displayed, a garden rose fesswise contourney stalked and leaved Or.

Ulric is found in Withycombe, p. 284. York is in Reaney & Wilson, p. 508; 'de York' dated to 1324 and plain 'York' to 1522.

Withycombe, s.n. Ulric, dates the Latin form Ulricus in 1086 and Wlfric in 1273.

While garden roses are still permitted in SCA heraldry (blazoned simply as 'roses'), the charge in base is a garden rosebud, which has been disallowed for some time. This is also in conflict with Niklas Vasilevich (May 1999), "Sable, a double-headed eagle, a bordure engrailed Or." There is a CD for changing the rose to a bordure, but one does not get a CD for change of position on the field against a bordure so that is the only CD.